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98 Cards in this Set

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What are word roots?
The word root is the word part that is the core of the word. The word root contains the fundamental meaning of the word... ie arthr/itis - arthr (means joint) is the root word
Play/er - play is the word root
hepat itis- hepat (means liver) is root word
What are Suffixes?
The suffix is a word part attached to the end of the word root to modify its meaning.
ie : play/er - er is the suffix
hepat/ic ic means pertaining to and is the suffix
hepat/itis - itis means inflammation and is the suffix
What are Prefixes?
The prefix is the word part attached to the beginning of a word root to modify its meaning.
ie - re/play - re is the prefix
sub/ hepat/ic- sub (means under) is the prefix
intra/ven/ous - intra means within is a the prefix, ven means vein is the root and ous (pertaining to) is the suffix
Suffixes
frequently indicate a procedure such as scopy: meaning visual examination
Tomy- meaning surgical incision a condition such as itis- meaning inflammation
oma- means tumor
Prefixes
indicate a number such as
bi= two
position such as sub= under
direaction such as intra= within
time such as brady = slow
or negation such as a = without
Vowels
are speech sounds represented by the letters a e i o u and sometimes y
The combining vowel
The combinign vowel is a word part usually an o, used to ease pronunciation
ie:
men/o/ pause, arthr/o/pathy (pathy means disease)
but in subhepatic the combining vowel is not used
The combining vowel is used to:
Connect two word roots
used to connect a word root and a suffix
not sued to connect a prefix and a word root
Guideline one for using combining vowels
When connecting a word root and a suffix , a combining vowel is sued if the suffix does not begin with a vowel
ie arthr/o/pathy the suffix -pathy does not begin with a vowel; therefore a combining vowel is used
Guideline two for using combining vowels
when connecting a word root and a suffix, a combining vowel is usually not used if the suffix begins with a vowel- ie, hepat/ic the suffix -ic begins with the vowel i; therefore a combining vowel is not used
Guideline three for using combining vowels
When connecting two word roots, a combining vowel is usually used even if vowels are present at the junction
i.e oste/o/arthritis
o is the combining vowel used, even though the word root oste ( which means bone) ends with the vowel e, and the word root arthr begins with the vowel a
Guideline four for using combining vowels
When connecting a prefix and a word root, a combining vowel is not used
ex: sub/hepat/ic
the combining vowel is not used between the prefix sub- and the word root hepat.
Combining form
A combining form is a word root with the combining vowel attached, separated by a vertical slash.
arthr/o oste/o vern/o
The combining form is not a word part per se, rather it is the word root and the combining vowel.
arthr
joint
hepat
liver
ven
vein
osteo
bone
intra-
within
sub-
under
-itis
inflammation
ic
pertaining to
ous
pertaining to
pathy
pertaining to disease
combining vowel
o
Soap notes
S= subjective - what patient reports
o= objective
a= application or treatment
p= progress/prognosis
HPI
Present illness
HPX
past history
C/C
chief complaint

ex: HPI/C/C is L shoulder pain
Questions to ask patient: subjective
When did it start?
What were you doing when it started
what have they done for it?
have they been seen?
how bad is the pain from 1-10
does anything make it better or worse?
etc...
Objective
Is what you find, pulse tongue, smell, sound, color, hair, temp, skin
melano =
black skin
carcin =
cancer
oma =
tumor
hydrophylic
love water
hydrophobic
does not like water
Organ
two or more kinds of tissues that together perform special body functions
8 Body cavities
cranial, thoracic, spinal, dorsal, pelvic, abdominal, abdominopelvic, ventral
cranial cavity
space inside the skull containing brain
spinal cavity
space inside the spinal column containing spinal cord
thoracic, or chest cavity
space containing the heart, aorta, lungs, esophagus, trachea, and bronchii
abdominal cavity
space containng the stomach intestines kidneys, liver gallbladder pacnrease spleen and uterus
pelvic cavity
space containing the urinary bladder certain reproductive organs parts of the large intestine and the rectum
abdominopelvic cavity
both pelvic and abdominal cavities
aden/o
gland
cyt/o
cell
epitheli/o
epithelium
fibr/o
fiber
hist/o
tissue
kary/o
nucleus
lip/o
fat
my/o
muscle
neur/o
nerve
organ/o
organ
sarc/o
flesh, connective tissue
system/o
system
viscer/o
internal organs
eti/o
cause of disease
rhabd/o
rod-shaped, striated
chlor/o
green
chrom/o
color
cyan/o
blue
erythr/o
red
leuk/o
white
melan/o
black
xanth/o
yellow
-oma
tumor/swelling
-osis
abnormal condition- means increase when used with blood cell word roots
-sis
state of
-stasis
control,stop, standing
adenocarcinoma
cancerous tumor composed of glandular tissue
Ca
carcinoma
chemo
chemotherapy
dx
diagnosis
mets
metastasis
Px
prognosis
RBC
red blood cell
RXT
radiation therapy
WBC
white blood cell
tx
treatment
RX
prescription
Pt
patient
PROM
passive range of motion
AROM
active range of motion
how do you spell hematopoiesis
hema-to-poi-esis
cell
basic unit of all living things, the human body is composed of trillions of cells varying in size and shape according to function
cell membrane
forms the boundary of the cell
cytoplasm
gellike fluid inside the cell
nucleus
largest structure within the cell, usually spherical and centrally located. It contains chromosomes for cellular reproduction and is the control center of the cell
nucleus
largest structure with the cell usually spherical and centrally located. It contains chromosomes for cellular reproduction and is control center of the cell
chormosomes
located in the nucleus of the cell. there are 46 chromosomes in all normal human cells with the exception of mature se cells, which have 23
genes
regions within the chromosome. each chromosome has several thousand genes that determine hereditary characteristics
dna
comrpsies each gene is a chemical that regulates the activities of the cell
tissue
a group of similar cells that performs a specific task
muscle tissue
composed of cells that have a special ability to contract, usually producing movement
nervous tissue
found in the nerves spinal cord, and brain. it is responsible for coordinating and controling body activities
connective tissue
connects supports penetrates and encases various body structures. adipose fat and osseous bone tissues and blood are types of connective tissue
epithelial tissue
the major covering of the external surface of the body; forms membranes that line body cavities and organs and is the major tissue in glands
POP
pain on palpitation