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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
anaphylaxis
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an extreme allergic reaction that can lead to respiratory distress, circulatory collapse, and death
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antagonist
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a substance that interferes with or opposes the action of the drug
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brand name
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the trade or proprietary name of a drug, a registered trademark of the manufacturer; written with an initial capital letter
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contraindication
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a factor that makes the use of a drug undesirable or dangerous
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drug
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a substance that alters body function
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efficacy
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the power to produce a specific result; effectiveness
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generic name
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the nonproprietary name of a drug; that is, a name that is not privately owned or trademarked; usually a simplified version of the chemical name; not capitalized
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phytomedicine
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another name for herbal medicine (root phyt/o meaning "plant")
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potentiation
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increased potency created by two drugs acting together
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prescription (Rx)
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written and signed order for a drug with directions for its administration
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side effect
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a result of drug therapy or other therapy that is unrelated to or an extension of its intended effect; usually applies to an undesirable effect of treatment
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substance dependence
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a condition that may result from chronic use of a drug, in which a person has a chronic or compulsive need for a drug regardless of its adverse effects; dependence may be psychological or physical
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synergy
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combined action of two or more drugs working together to produce an effect greater than any of the drugs could produce when acting alone; also called synergism
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tolerance
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a condition in which chronic use of a drug results in loss of effectiveness an the dose must be increased to produce the original response
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withdrawal
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a condition that results from abrupt cessation or reduction of a drug that has been used regularly
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-lytic
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dissolving, reducing, loosening
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-mimetic
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mimicking, simulating
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-tropic
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acting on
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anti-
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against
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contra-
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against, opposite, opposed
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counter-
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against, opposed
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alg/o, algi/o, algesi/o
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pain
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chem/o
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chemical
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hypn/o
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sleep
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narc/o
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stupor
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pharm, pharmac/o
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drug, medicine
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pyr/o, pyret/o
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fever
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tox/o, toxic/o
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poison, toxin
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vas/o
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vessel
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absorption
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drug taken into the circulation through the digestive tract or by transfer across another membrane
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inhalation
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administration through the respiratory system, as by breathing in an aerosol or nebulizer spray
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instillation
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liquid is dropped or poured slowly into a body cavity or on the surface of the body, such as into the ear or onto the conjunctiva of the eye
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oral
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given by mouth; per os (po)
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rectal
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administered by rectal suppository or enema
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sublingual (SL)
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administered under the tongue
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topical
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applied to the surface of the skin
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transdermal
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absorbed through the skin, as from a patch placed on the surface of the skin
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injection
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administered by a needle and syringe; described as parenteral routes of administration
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epidural
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injected into the space between the meninges (membranes around the spinal cord) and the spine
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hypodermoclysis
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administration of a solution by subcutaneous infusion; useful for fluid delivery as an alternative for intravenous infusion
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intradermal (ID)
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injected into the skin
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intramuscular (IM)
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injected into a muscle
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intravenous (IV)
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injected into a vein
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spinal (intrathecal)
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injected through the meninges into the spinal fluid
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subcutaneous (SC)
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injected beneath the skin; hypodermic
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aerosol
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solution dispersed as a mist to be inhaled
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aqueous solution
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substance dissolved in water
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elixir (elix)
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a clear, pleasantly flavored and sweetened hydroalcoholic liquid intended for oral use
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emulsion
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a mixture in which one liquid is dispersed but not dissolved in another liquid
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lotion
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solution prepared for topical use
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suspension (susp)
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fine particles dispersed in a liquid, must be shaken before use
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tincture (tinct)
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substance dissolved in an alcoholic solution
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cream
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a semisolid emulsion used topically
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ointment (ung)
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drug in a base that keeps it in contact with the skin
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capsule (cap)
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material in a gelatin container that dissolves easily in the stomach
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lozenge
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a pleasant-tasting medicated tablet or disk to be dissolved in the mouth, such as a cough drop
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suppository (supp)
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substance mixed and molded with a base that melts easily when inserted into a body opening
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tablet
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a solid dosage form containing a drug in a pure state or mixed with a nonactive ingredient and prepared by compression or molding, also called a pill
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ampule
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a small sealed glass or plastic container used for sterile intravenous solutions
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bolus
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a concentrated amount of a diagnostic or therapeutic substance given rapidly intravenously
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catheter
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a thin tube that can be passed into a body cavity, organ, or vessel
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syringe
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an instrument for injecting fluid
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vial
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a small glass or plastic container
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