Medical Terminology Chapter 4

Front 1

Diagnosis

Back 1

Identification of a disease or condition by a scientic evaluation of physical sign, symptoms, history, laboratory test results, and procedures

Front 2

pulmonary

Back 2

pertaining to the lungs or the respiratory system

Front 3

respiration

Back 3

Molecular exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the body's tissue; also called breathing, pulmonary ventilation or ventilation.

Front 4

thoracic

Back 4

pertaining to the thorax (bony enclosure formed by the sternum, costal cartilages, rib, and the bodies of the thoracic vertebrae)

Front 5

vascular

Back 5

pertaining to a blood vessel

Front 6

The respiratory system consists of....

Back 6

nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, lungs, and breathing muscles.

Front 7

External respiration

Back 7

oxygen is inhaled into the lungs and absorbed into the bloodstream. Carbon dioxide leaves the bloodstream and enters the lungs where it is expelled during exhalation.

Front 8

internal respiration

Back 8

oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged at the cellular level. Oxygen leave the bloodstream and is delivered to the tissue cells, where it i ued for energy.

Front 9

adenoid

Back 9

adeniods

Front 10

laryng

Back 10

larynx

Front 11

nas

Back 11

nose

Front 12

rhin

Back 12

nose

Front 13

pharyng

Back 13

pharynx

Front 14

tonsill

Back 14

tonsil

Front 15

trache

Back 15

trachea

Front 16

alveo

Back 16

alveolus; air sac

Front 17

bronch

Back 17

brounchu

Front 18

bronchi

Back 18

bronchus

Front 19

bronchiol

Back 19

bronchiole

Front 20

phren

Back 20

diagpragm

Front 21

pleur

Back 21

pleura

Front 22

pneum

Back 22

air; lung

Front 23

pneumon

Back 23

air; lung

Front 24

pulmon

Back 24

lung

Front 25

thorac

Back 25

chest

Front 26

aer

Back 26

air

Front 27

cyan

Back 27

blue

Front 28

mastoid

Back 28

mastoid process (houses air cell which direct sound waves into the inner ear)

Front 29

muc

Back 29

mucus

Front 30

myc

Back 30

fungus

Front 31

orth

Back 31

straight

Front 32

py

Back 32

pus

Front 33

oma

Back 33

tumor

Front 34

plasty

Back 34

surgical repair

Front 35

plegia

Back 35

paralysis

Front 36

a

Back 36

without

Front 37

brady

Back 37

slow

Front 38

dys

Back 38

bad; painful; difficult

Front 39

eu

Back 39

good, normal

Front 40

tachy

Back 40

rapid

Front 41

crackles

Back 41

fine crackling or bubbling sound, commonly heard during inspiration when there is fluid in the alveoli; also called rales

Front 42

friction rub

Back 42

Dry, grating sound heard with a stethoscope during auscultation

Front 43

auscultation

Back 43

listening for sounds within the body

Front 44

rhonchi

Back 44

loud coarse or snoring sounds heard during inspiration or expiration; caused by obstructed airways

Front 45

stridor

Back 45

high-pitched, musical sound made on inspiration; caused by an obstruction in the trachea or larynx

Front 46

wheezes

Back 46

Continuous high-pithced whistling sounds, usually during expiration; caused by narrowing of an airway

Front 47

acidosis

Back 47

Excessive acidity of blood due to an accumulation of acids or an excessive loss of birocarbonate caused by abnormally high levels of carbon dioxide in the body.

Front 48

acute respiratory distress syndrome

Back 48

(ARDS) Life threatening build up of fluid in the air sacs, caused by vomit into the lungs, inhaling chemicals, pneumonia, septic shock, or trauma, that prevents enough oxygen from passing into the bloodstream. aka adult respiratory distress syndrome

Front 49

anosmia

Back 49

absence or decrease in the sense of smell

Front 50

anoxia

Back 50

total absence of o2, in body tissues; caused by a lack of oxygen in inhaled air or by obstruction that prevents oxygen from reaching the lungs

Front 51

asphyxia

Back 51

condition of insufficient intake of oxygen due to choking, toxic gases, electric shock, drugs, drowning, smoke, or trauma

Front 52

osmia

Back 52

smell

Front 53

oxia

Back 53

oxygen

Front 54

asthma

Back 54

inflammatory airway disorder that results in attacks of wheezing, shortness of breath that gets worse with exercise or activity, and coughing.

Front 55

atelectasis

Back 55

collapse of lung tissue, which prevents the respiratory exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide and is caused by a variety of conditions including obstruction of foreign bodies, excessive secretions, or pressure on the lung from a tumor

Front 56

atel

Back 56

incomplete; imperfect

Front 57

bronchitis

Back 57

acute or chronic inflammation of mucous membranes of the bronchial airways caused by irritation, infection, or both

Front 58

coryza

Back 58

acute inflammation of the nasal passages accompanied by profuse nasal discharge, also called a cold

Front 59

croup

Back 59

acute respiratory syndrome that occurs primarily in children and infants and is characterized by laryngeal obstruction and spasm, barking cough, and stridor.

Front 60

Cystic Fibrosis (CF)

Back 60

Genetic disease that is one of the most common types of chronic lung disease in children and young adults and causes thick, sticky mucus to build up in the lungs and digestive tract, possibly resulting in early death

Front 61

cyst

Back 61

bladder

Front 62

emphysema

Back 62

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that makes it difficult to breathe and is characterized by loss of elasticity of the lung tissue that causes the small airways to collapse during forced exhalation

Front 63

epistaxis

Back 63

hemorrhage from the nose; also called nosebleed

Front 64

staxis

Back 64

dripping, oozing

Front 65

hypercapnia

Back 65

greater than normal amounts of carbon dioxide in the blood

Front 66

capnia

Back 66

carbon dioxide

Front 67

hypoxemia

Back 67

deficiency of oxygen in the blood, usually a sign of respiratory impairment

Front 68

hypoxia

Back 68

deficiency of oxygen in body tissues, usually a sign of respiratory impairment

Front 69

influenza

Back 69

acute, contagious respiratory infection characterized by sudden onset of fever, chills headache, and muscle pain

Front 70

otitis media

Back 70

(OM) inflammation of the middle ear, commonly the result of an upper respiratory infection with symptoms of otodynia; may be treated with myringotomy or tympanostomy tubes

Front 71

ot

Back 71

ear

Front 72

exudative

Back 72

OM with the presence of fluid, such as pus or serum

Front 73

pertussis

Back 73

acute infectious disease characterized by a whoop sounding cough, whooping cough

Front 74

pleurisy

Back 74

inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by deep breathing or coughing

Front 75

pneumothorax

Back 75

collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity, causing the complete or partial collapse of a lung

Front 76

pneum

Back 76

air, lung

Front 77

sudden infant death syndrome

Back 77

completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently well, or virtually well infant, aka crib death

Front 78

Arterial blood gases (ABGs)

Back 78

group of tests that measure the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration in an arterial blood sample

Front 79

Mantoux test

Back 79

intradermal test to determine recent or past exposure to tuberculosis (TB)

Front 80

Pulmonary function test (PFTs)

Back 80

variety of tests used to determine the capacity of the lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently

Front 81

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

Back 81

Basic emergency procedure for life support, consisting of artificial respiration and manual external cardiac massage.

Front 82

endotracheal intubation

Back 82

Procedure in which an airway catheter is inserted through the mouth or nose into the trachea in patients who are unable to breathe on their own or to administer oxygen, medication, or anesthesia

Front 83

postural drainage

Back 83

use of body positioning to assit in the removal of secretions from specific lobes of the lung, bronchi or lung cavities

Front 84

thoracocentesis

Back 84

use of a needle to collect pleural fluid for laboratory analysis or remove excess pleural fluid or air from the pleural space

Front 85

tracheostomy

Back 85

incision into the trachea and creation of a permanent opening through which a tracheostomy tube is inserted to keep the opening patent

Front 86

tracheo

Back 86

windpipe

Front 87

bronchodilators

Back 87

dilate constricted airways by relaxing muscle spasms in the bronchial tubes through oral administration or inhaled via a metereddose inhaler (MDI)

Front 88

corticosteriods

Back 88

suppress the inflammatory reaction that causes swelling and narrowing of the bronchi

Front 89

expectorants

Back 89

improve the ability to cough up mucus from the respiratory tract

Front 90

meter-dose inhaler (MDI)

Back 90

Method of administering medication directly into the lungs using a device (nebulizer) that produces a fine spray; aka aerosol therapy

Front 91

bronchoscopy

Back 91

a type of endoscopic procedure, is the visual examination of the interior bronchi using flexible fiberoptic instrument with a light.