Medical Terminology Chapter 3

Front 1

A common name for the tarsus is the

Back 1

hock

Front 2

What joints are the freely movable joints of the body?

Back 2

Synovial

Front 3

The correct order of vertebral segments is...

Back 3

Cervical

Thoracic

Lumbar

Sacral

Coccygeal (or caudal)

Front 4

A _________ is a fibrous band of connective tissue that connects bone to bone.

Back 4

ligament

Front 5

The acetabulum is the...

Back 5

large socket in the pelvic bone

Front 6

The three parts of the pelvis are...

Back 6

ilium

ischium

pubis

Front 7

The digits contain bones that are called...

Back 7

phalanges

Front 8

Components of the axial skeleton include...

Back 8

skull

auditory osicles

hyoid

vertebrae

ribs

sternum

Front 9

Another term for growth plate is...

Back 9

physis

Front 10

Components of the appendicular skeleton include...

Back 10

extremities

shoulder

pelvic girdle

Front 11

Bones of the front limb include...

Back 11

humerus

radius

ulna

carpal

metacarpal

phalanges

Front 12

Rectus means...

Back 12

straight

Front 13

A term for when a muscle becomes shorter and thicker is...

Back 13

contraction

Front 14

Levator muscles _______ a body part.

Back 14

raise

Front 15

A fibrous band of connective tissue that connects muscle to bone is...

Back 15

tendon

Front 16

Looseness s called...

Back 16

laxity

Front 17

Protrusion of a body part through tissues hat normally contain it is called a...

Back 17

hernia

Front 18

A muscle that forms a tight band is called a...

Back 18

sphincter

Front 19

Surgical removal of a muscle or part of a muscle is called...

Back 19

myectomy

Front 20

Abnormal condition or disease of muscle is called...

Back 20

myopathy

Front 21

Which term describes the shaft of a long bone?

Back 21

diaphysis

Front 22

The tarsal bones are found in the...

Back 22

hock

Front 23

The manubrium is the...

Back 23

cranial portion of the sternum

Front 24

Which term describes the freely movable joints of the body?

Back 24

diarthroses

Front 25

The opening in a bone through which blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass is a...

Back 25

meatus

Front 26

The acetabulum is commonly called the...

Back 26

hip socket

Front 27

Muscles located above the pelvic axis are called...

Back 27

epaxial muscles

Front 28

Muscles under voluntary control are known as...

Back 28

skeletal

Front 29

Minimus is to maximus as...

a. longissimus is to gracilis

b. biceps is to triceps

c. oblique is to sphincter

d. minor is to major

Back 29

minor is to major

Front 30

A muscle that bends a limb at its joint or decreases the joint able is called a...

Back 30

flexor

Front 31

Common name for P1 (phalangeal I)

Back 31

long pastern bone

Front 32

Common name for P2 (phalangeal 2)

Back 32

short pastern bone

Front 33

Common name for P3 (phalangeal 3)

Back 33

coffin bone

Front 34

Common name for tarsus

Back 34

hock

Front 35

Common name for splint bone

Back 35

metacarpal/metatarsal II and IV in equine

Front 36

Common name for fetlock joint

Back 36

metacarpo-/metatarsophalangeal joint of equine and ruminants

Front 37

Common name for pastern joint

Back 37

connection between phalanx I (P1) and II (P2) in equine and ruminants

Front 38

Common name for coffin joint

Back 38

distal interphalangeal joint of phalanx II (P2) and III (P3) in equine and ruminants

Front 39

Common name for knee

Back 39

carpus in large animals

Front 40

Common name for stifle

Back 40

synovial joint located between the femur and tibia; also known as the femorotibial joint

Front 41

Common name for clavicle

Back 41

collarbone

Front 42

Common name for cannon bone

Back 42

metacarpal/metatarsal III in equine and metacarpal/metatarsal III and IV in ruminants

Front 43

Common name for dewclaw

Back 43

variable digit depending on species; digit I in dogs, digits II and V in ruminants

Front 44

Common name for sternum

Back 44

breastbone

Front 45

Where is the humerus located?

Back 45

proximal front limb

Front 46

Where is the fibula located?

Back 46

distal hind limb

Front 47

Where is the tibia located?

Back 47

distal hind limb

Front 48

Where is the ulna located?

Back 48

distal front limb

Front 49

Where is the femur located?

Back 49

proximal hind limb

Front 50

Where is the tarsus located?

Back 50

joint in hind limb

Front 51

Where is the radius located?

Back 51

distal front limb

Front 52

Where is the carpus located?

Back 52

joint in front limb

Front 53

Where is the metacarpal located?

Back 53

distal front limb

Front 54

Where is the metatarsal located?

Back 54

distal hind limb

Front 55

Where is the phalanx located?

Back 55

distal part of front and hind limbs

Front 56

oste/o

oss/e

oss/i

Back 56

bone

Front 57

-blasts

Back 57

immature

Front 58

-clasts

Back 58

break

Front 59

hemat/o

Back 59

blood

Front 60

epi-

Back 60

above

Front 61

physis

Back 61

growth

Front 62

dia-

Back 62

between

Front 63

peri-

Back 63

surrounding

Front 64

-um

Back 64

structure

Front 65

endo-

Back 65

within or inner

Front 66

meta-

Back 66

beyond

Front 67

arthr/o

Back 67

joint

Front 68

-malacia

Back 68

abnormal softening

Front 69

-clerosis

Back 69

abnormal hardening

Front 70

aperture

Back 70

opening

Front 71

canal

Back 71

tunnel

Front 72

condyle

Back 72

rounded projection (that articulates with another bone)

Front 73

crest

Back 73

high projection or border projection

Front 74

crista

Back 74

ridge

Front 75

dens

Back 75

toothlike structure

Front 76

eminence

Back 76

surface projection

Front 77

facet

Back 77

smooth area

Front 78

fissure

Back 78

deep cleft

Front 79

foramen

Back 79

hole

Front 80

fossa

Back 80

trench or hollow depressed area

Front 81

fovea

Back 81

small pit

Front 82

head

Back 82

major protrusion

Front 83

lamina

Back 83

thin, flat plate

Front 84

line

Back 84

low projection or ridge

Front 85

malleolus

Back 85

rounded projection (distal end of tibia and fibula)

Front 86

meatus

Back 86

passage or opening

Front 87

process

Back 87

projection

Front 88

protuberance

Back 88

projecting part

Front 89

ramus

Back 89

branch or smaller structure given off by a larger structure

Front 90

sinus

Back 90

space or cavity

Front 91

spine

Back 91

sharp projection

Front 92

sulcus

Back 92

groove

Front 93

suture

Back 93

seam

Front 94

trochanter

Back 94

broad, flat projection (on femur)

Front 95

trochlea

Back 95

pulley-shaped structure in which other structures pass or articulate

Front 96

tubercle

Back 96

small, rounded surface projection

Front 97

tuberosity

Back 97

projecting part

Front 98

arthrocentesis

Back 98

surgical puncture of a joint to remove fluid for analysis

Front 99

arthrography

Back 99

injection of a joint with contrast material for radiographic examination

Front 100

arthroscopy

Back 100

visual examination of the joint using a fiberoptic scope (called an arthroscope when used in the joint)

Front 101

densitometer

Back 101

device that measures bone density using light and x-rays

Front 102

goniometer

Back 102

instrument that measures angles or range of motion in a joint

Front 103

goni/o

Back 103

angle or seed

Front 104

radiology

Back 104

study of internal body structures after exposure to ionizing radiation; used to detect fractures and diseases of bones

Front 105

ankylosis

Back 105

loss of joint mobility caused by disease, injury, or surgery

Front 106

ankyl/o

Back 106

bent or stiff

Front 107

arthralgia

Back 107

joint pain

Front 108

arthritis

Back 108

inflammatory condition of joints

Front 109

arthrodynia

Back 109

joint pain

Front 110

arthropathy

Back 110

joint disease

Front 111

bursitis

Back 111

inflammation of the bursa

Front 112

chondromalacia

Back 112

abnormal cartilage softening

Front 113

chondropathy

Back 113

cartilage disease

Front 114

discospondylitis

Back 114

inflammation of the intervertebral disc and vertebrae

Front 115

epishysitis

Back 115

inflammation of the growth plate

Front 116

exostosis

Back 116

benign growth on the bone surface

Front 117

gouty arthritis or gout

Back 117

joint inflammation associated with the formation of uric acid crystals in the joint

Front 118

hip dysplasia

Back 118

abnormal development of the pelvic joint causing the head of the femur and the acetabulum not to be aligned properly; most commonly seen in large breed dogs

Front 119

intervertebral disc disease

herniated disc

ruptured disc

IVDD

Back 119

rupture or protrusion of the cushioning disc found between the vertebrae that results I pressure on the spinal cord or spinal nerve roots

Front 120

kyphosis

Back 120

dorsal curvature of the spine; also called hunchback

Front 121

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease

Back 121

idiopathic necrosis of the femoral head and neck of small breed dogs; also called avascular necrosis of the femoral head and neck

Front 122

lordosis

Back 122

position in which the vertebral column is abnormally curved ventrally; seen in cats in heat; commonly called swayback

Front 123

luxation

Back 123

dislocation or displacement of a bone from its joint

Front 124

myeloma

Back 124

tumor composed of cells derived from hematopoietic tissues of bone marrow

Front 125

ostealgia

Back 125

bone pain

Front 126

osteitis

Back 126

inflammation of bone

Front 127

osteoarthritis

Back 127

degenerative joint disease commonly associated with aging or wear and tear on the joings; also called degenerative joint disease or DJD

Front 128

osteochondrosis

Back 128

degeneration or necrosis of bone and cartilage followed by regeneration or recalcification

Front 129

osteochondrosis dissecans

Back 129

degeneration or necrosis of bone and cartilage followed by regeneration or recalcification with dissecting flap of articular cartilage and some inflammatory joint changes; detached pieces of articular cartilage are called joint mice or osteophytes

Front 130

osteomalacia

Back 130

abnormal softening of bone

Front 131

osteomyelitis

Back 131

inflammation on bone and bone marrow

Front 132

osteonecrosis

Back 132

death of bone tissue

Front 133

osteoporosis

Back 133

abnormal condition of marked loss of bone density and an increase in bone porosity

Front 134

osteosclerosis

Back 134

abnormal hardening of bone

Front 135

periostitis

Back 135

inflammation of fibrous tissue that forms the outermost covering of bone

Front 136

rheumatoid arthritis

Back 136

autoimmune disorder of the connective tissues and joints; abbreviated RA

Front 137

sequestrum

Back 137

piece of dead bone that is partially or fully detached from the adjacent health bone

Front 138

spondylitis

Back 138

inflammation of the vertebrae

Front 139

spondylosis

Back 139

any degenerative disorder of the vertebrae

Front 140

spondylosis deformans

Back 140

chronic degeneration of the articular processes and the development of bony outgrowths around the ventral edge of the vertebrae

Front 141

spur

Back 141

bony projection growing out of a bone

Front 142

subluxation

Back 142

partial dislocation or displacement of a bone from its joint

Front 143

synovitis

Back 143

inflammation of the synovial membrane of joints