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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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anti diuretic hormone (ADH)
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a hormone released from the pituitary gland that causes water reabsorption in the kidneys, thus concentrating the urine
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glomerulus
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cluster of capillaries within the glomerular capsule
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kidney
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an organ of excretion: the kidney(s) filter the blood and form urine, which contains metabolic waste products and other substances as needed to regulate the water and electrolyte balance and the pH of body fluids
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micturition
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the voiding of urine, urination
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nephron
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a microscopic functional unit of the kidney; working with blood vessels, the nephron filters the blood and balances the composition of urine
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renal cortex
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the outer portion of the kidneys, contains portions of the nephrons
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renal medulla
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inner portion of the kidney;contains portions of the nephrons and ducts that transport urine toward the renal pelvis
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renal pelvis
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the expanded upper end of the ureter that receives urine from the kidney Greek root pyel/o means basin
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renal pyramid
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a triangular structure in the Medulla of the kidney; composed of the loops and the collecting ducts of the nephrons
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renin
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an enzyme produced by the kidneys that activates angiotensin in the blood
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urea
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the main nitrogenous (nitrogen-containing) waste product in the urine
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ren/o
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kidney
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nephr/o
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kidney
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glomerul/o
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glomerulus
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pyel/o
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renal pelvis
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cali/o, calic/o
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calyx
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calyx
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a cup-like cavity in the pelvis of the kidney
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urin/o
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urine
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cyst/o
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urinary bladder
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cystitis
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inflammation of the urinary bladder, usually the result of an infection
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dysuria
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painful or difficult urination
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hematuria
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blood in the urine
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pyelonephritis
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inflammation of the renal pelvis, usually a result of an infection
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urethritis
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inflammation of the urethra, usually a result of infection
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hemodialysis
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removal of unwanted substances from the blood by passage thru a semipermeable membrane
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intravenous urography (IVU)-excretory urography
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radiographic visualization of the urinary tract after intravenous administration of a contrast medium that is excreted in the urine
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retrograde pyelography
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pyelography in which the contrast medium is injected into the kidneys from below, by way of the ureters
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urinalysis
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laboratory study of urine-physical, chemical properties and microscopic appearance are included
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lithotomy
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incision of an organ to remove a stone
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creatinine
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nitrogen-containing by product of muscle metabolism, an increase in blood creatinine is a sign of renal failure
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diuresis
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increased excretion of urine
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anuresis
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lack of urination
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anuria
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lack of urine formation
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azotemia
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presence of an increased amount of nitrogen waste, especially urea in the blood
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azoturia
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increased amounts of nitrogen-containing compounds, especially urea, in the urine
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dehydration
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excessive loss of body fluids
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enuresis
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involuntary urination, usually at night, bed wetting
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nocturia
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excessive urination at nught
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polydipsia
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excessive thirst
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blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
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nitrogen in the blood in the form of urea, increase in BUN indicates an increase in nitrogenous waste products in the blood and renal failure
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diuretic
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substance that increases the excretion of urine; pertaining to diuresis
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ADH
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antidiuretic hormone
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BUN
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blood urea nitrogen
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IVP
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intravenous pyelography
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K
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potassium
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KUB
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kidney ureter bladder
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Na
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sodium
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UA
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urinalysis
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UTI
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urinary tract infection
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