Medical Terminology Ch14

Front 1

balan/o

Back 1

glans penis

Front 2

epididym/o

Back 2

epididymis

Front 3

orch/o
orchi/o
orchid/o
test/o

Back 3

testis or testicle

Front 4

perine/o

Back 4

perineum

Front 5

prostat/o

Back 5

prostate

Front 6

sperm/o
spermat/o

Back 6

sperm (seed)

Front 7

vas/o

Back 7

vessel

Front 8

scrotum

Back 8

skin covered pouch in the groin divided into two sacs, each containing a testis and an epididymis

Front 9

testis
testicle

Back 9

one of the two male reproductive glands, located in the scrotum, that produce sperm and the hormone testosterone

Front 10

sperm
spermatozoon

Back 10

male gamete or sex cell produced in the testes, which unites with the ovum in the female to produce offspring

Front 11

epididymis

Back 11

coiled duct on top and at side of the testis that stores sperm before emission

Front 12

penis

Back 12

erectile tissue covered with skin that contains the urethra for urination and ducts for the secretion of seminal fluid (semen)

Front 13

glans penis

Back 13

bulging structure at the distal end of the penis (glans = acorn)

Front 14

prepuce

Back 14

foreskin; loose casing covering the glans penis, removed by circumcision

Front 15

vas deferens

Back 15

duct that carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct (vas=vessel; deferens=carrying away)

Front 16

seminal vesicle

Back 16

one of two saclike structures behind the bladder and connected to the vas deferens on each side; secretes an alkaline substance into the semen to enable the sperm to live longer

Front 17

semen

Back 17

a mixture of the secretions of the testes, seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands discharged from the male urethra during orgasm (semen=seed)

Front 18

ejaculatory duct

Back 18

duct formed by union of the vas deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle; its fluid is carried into the urethra

Front 19

prostate gland

Back 19

trilobular gland that encircles the urethra just below the bladder, which secretes an alkaline fluid into the semen

Front 20

bulbourethral glands
(Cowper's glands)

Back 20

pair of glands below the prostate with ducts opening into the urethra, which adds a viscid (sticky) fluid to the semen

Front 21

perineum

Back 21

external region between the scrotum and anus in a male and between the vulva and anus in a female

Front 22

seminal vesicle

Back 22

one of two saclike structures behind the bladder and connected to the vas deferens on each side; secretes an alkaline substance into the semen to enable the sperm to live longer

Front 23

semen

Back 23

a mixture of the secretions of the testes, seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands discharged from the male urethra during orgasm (semen=seed)

Front 24

ejaculatory duct

Back 24

duct formed by union of the vas deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle; its fluid is carried into the urethra

Front 25

prostate gland

Back 25

trilobular gland that encircles the urethra just below the bladder, which secretes an alkaline fluid into the semen

Front 26

bulbourethral glands
(Cowper's glands)

Back 26

pair of glands below the prostate with ducts opening into the urethra, which adds a viscid (sticky) fluid to the semen

Front 27

perineum

Back 27

external region between the scrotum and anus in a male and between the vulva and anus in a female

Front 28

aspermia

Back 28

inability to secrete or ejaculate sperm

Front 29

azoospermia

Back 29

semen without living spermatozoa, a sign of infertility in a male (zoo=life)

Front 30

oligospermia

Back 30

scanty production and expulsion of sperm

Front 31

mucopurulent discharge

Back 31

drainage of mucus and pus

Front 32

anorchism

Back 32

absence of one or both testes

Front 33

balanitis

Back 33

inflammation of the glans penis

Front 34

cryptorchism

Back 34

undescended testicle, or failure of a testis to descend into scrotal sac during fetal development; it most often remains lodged in the abdomen or inguinal canal, requiring surgical repair (crypt=to hide)

Front 35

epididymitis

Back 35

inflammation of the epididymis

Front 36

hydrocele

Back 36

hernia of fluid in the testis or tubes leading from the testis

Front 37

hypospadias

Back 37

congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis (spadias = to draw away)

Front 38

impotence

Back 38

failure to initiate or maintain an erection until ejaculation because of physical or psychological dysfunction (im=not;potis=able)

Front 39

peyronie disease

Back 39

disorder characterized by the induration (hardness) of the corpus cavernosum in the penis

Front 40

benign prostatic hypertrophy/hyperplasia

Back 40

enlargement of the prostate gland that causes urinary obstruction; common in older men

Front 41

prostate cancer

Back 41

malignancy of the prostate gland

Front 42

prostatitis

Back 42

inflammation of the prostate

Front 43

seminoma

Back 43

common type of malignant tumor of the testicle (testicular tumor)

Front 44

varicocele

Back 44

enlarged, swollen, herniated veins near the testis (varico = twisted vein)

Front 45

chlamydia

Back 45

most common sexually transmitted bacterial infection in North America; often occurs with no symptoms and is treated only after it has spread

Front 46

gonorrhea

Back 46

contagious inflammation of the genital mucous membranes caused by invasion of the gonococcus, Neisseria gonorrhea. The term was named for the urethral discharge characteristic of the infection, which was thought to be a leakage of semen (gono=seed;rrhea=discharge)

Front 47

syphilis

Back 47

sexually transmitted infection caused by a spirochete, which may involve any organ or tissue over time; usually manifests first on the skin with appearance of small; painless red papules that reode and form bloodless ulcers called chancres

Front 48

hepatitis B virus

Back 48

virus that causes inflammation of the liver, transmitted through any body fluid, including vaginal secretions, semen, and blood

Front 49

herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2)

Back 49

virus that causes ulcerlike lesions of the genital and anorectal skin and mucose; after the inital infection, the virus lies dormant in the nerve cell root and may recur at times of stress

Front 50

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Back 50

virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which premits various opportunistic infections, malignancies, and neurologic diseases; contracted through exposure to contaminated blood or body fluid (e.g. semen or vaginal secretions)

Front 51

human papilloma virus (HPV)
condyloma acuminatum
condylomata acumunata

Back 51

virus transmitted by direct sexual contact that causes an infection that can occur on the skin or mucous membrans of the genitals; on the skin the lesions appear and cauliflowerlike warts, and on mucous membrans they have a flat appearance.

Front 52

biopsy (Bx)

Back 52

tissue sampling used to identify neoplasia

Front 53

biopsy of the prostate

Back 53

needle biopsy of the prostate; often performed using ultasound guidance

Front 54

testicular biopsy

Back 54

biopsy of a testicle

Front 55

digital rectal exam (DRE)

Back 55

insertion of a finger into the male rectum to palpate the rectum and prostate

Front 56

prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test

Back 56

blood test used to screen for prostate cancer; an elevates level of the antigen indicated the possible presence of tumor

Front 57

urethrogram

Back 57

x-ray of urethra and prostate

Front 58

semen analysis

Back 58

study of semen, including a sperm count with observation of form and motility; usually performed to rule out male infertility

Front 59

endorectal (transrectal) sonogram of the prostate

Back 59

scan of the prostate made after introducing an ultrasonic transducer into the rectum; also used to guide needle biopsy

Front 60

circumcision

Back 60

removal of the foreskin (prepuce) exposing the glans penis

Front 61

epididymectomy

Back 61

removal of an epididymis

Front 62

orchiectomy
orchidectomy

Back 62

removal of a testicle

Front 63

orchioplasty

Back 63

repair of a testicle

Front 64

orchiopexy

Back 64

fixation of an undescended testis in the scrotum

Front 65

prostatectomy

Back 65

excision of the prostate gland

Front 66

transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)

Back 66

removal of prostatic gland tissue through the urethra using a resectoscope, a specialized urologic endoscope

Front 67

vasectomy

Back 67

removal of a segment of the vas deferens to produce sterility in the male

Front 68

vasovasostomy

Back 68

restoration of the function of the vas deferens to regain fertility after vasectomy

Front 69

chemotherapy

Back 69

treatment of malignancies, infections, and other diseases with chemical agents that destroy selected cells or impair their ability to reproduce

Front 70

radiation therapy

Back 70

treatment of neoplastic disease using radiation, usually from a cobalt source, to stop the proliferation of malignant cells

Front 71

hormone replacement thearpy (HRT)

Back 71

use of a hormone to remedy a deficeiecy or regulate production (e.g. testosterone)

Front 72

penile prosthesis

Back 72

implantation of a device designed to provide erection of the penis; used to treat physical impotence