Medical Terminology Ch. 7,8,9

Front 1

BUN

Back 1

stands for blood urea nitrogen. Urea nitrogen is what forms when protein breaks down. A test can be done to measure the amount of urea nitrogen in the blood

Front 2

Creatinine

Back 2

A compound formed by the metabolism of creatine, found in muscle tissue and blood and normally excreted in the urine as a metabolic waste.

Front 3

Anuria

Back 3

the absence of urine production. Anuria may be caused by a failure or kidney dysfunction, a decline in blood pressure below that required to maintain filtration pressure in the kidney, or an obstruction in the urinary passages.

Front 4

Diuresis

Back 4

increase in urine production and passage from the body occurring in conditions such as diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.

Front 5

Dysuria

Back 5

painful, burning urination, often caused by a bacterial infection, inflammation, or obstruction of the urinary tract.

Front 6

Nocturia

Back 6

excessive urination at night.

Front 7

Oliguria

Back 7

diminished urine secretion in relation to fluid intake.

Front 8

Incontinence

Back 8

The inability to retain urine in the bladder until a person is ready to urinate voluntarily.

Front 9

Micturate

Back 9

To urinate.

Front 10

Void

Back 10

To empty the bladder.

Front 11

UA: Urinalysis

Back 11

analysis of the urine as an aid in the diagnosis of disease. Many types of test are used in analyzing the urine in order to determine whether it contains abnormal substances indicative of disease.

Front 12

UTI

Back 12

urinary tract infection, an infection of one or more structures in the urinary system.

Front 13

–ism

Back 13

suffix meaning a state, process or condition.

Front 14

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH

Back 14

A noncancerous condition of the prostate that causes overgrowth of the prostate tissue, thus enlarging the prostate and obstructing urination.

Front 15

Cryptorchidism:

Back 15

a developmental defect in which one or both testicles fail to descend into the scrotum and are retained in the abdomen or inguinal canal.

Front 16

Epididymitis

Back 16

Epididymitis is inflammation or infection of the epididymis. In this long coiled tube attached to the upper part of each testicle, sperm mature and are stored before ejaculation.

Front 17

Prostatolith

Back 17

A concretion in the prostate gland. Concretion: A solid mass, usually composed of inorganic material, formed in a cavity or tissue of the body

Front 18

Oligospermia

Back 18

A subnormal concentration of spermatozoa in the ejaculated semen.

Front 19

Erectile dysfunction

Back 19

: is the inability to achieve or maintain an erection long enough to engage in sexual intercourse. As the penis becomes engorged with blood, it enlarges and stiffens, causing an erection. Problems with blood vessels, nerves, or tissues of the penis can interfere with an erection.

Front 20

Hydrocele

Back 20

a circumscribed collection of fluid, especially in the tunica vaginalis of the testis or along the spermatic cord

Front 21

Varicocele

Back 21

A varicose condition of veins of the spermatic cord or the ovaries, forming a soft tumor. An abnormal enlargement of the veins which drain the testicles.

Front 22

Transurethral resection of the prostate gland (TURP)

Back 22

Surgical removal of a portion of the prostate through the urethra, a method of treating the symptoms of an enlarged prostate, whether from BPH or cancer

Front 23

Digital rectal examination (DRE):

Back 23

A routine screening test that is used to detect any lumps in the prostate gland or any hardening or other abnormality of the prostate tissue. The doctor inserts a gloved and lubricated finger (digit) into the patient's rectum, which lies just behind the prostate

Front 24

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA):

Back 24

A tumor marker associated with prostate cancer. a protein produced by the prostate that may be present at elevated levels in patients with cancer or other disease of the prostate.

Front 25

AIDS

Back 25

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, a disease in which there is a severe loss of the body's cellular immunity, greatly lowering the resistance to infection and malignancy. The cause is a virus (the human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV) transmitted in blood and in sexual fluids.

Front 26

Coitus:

Back 26

the sexual union of two people of opposite sex in which the penis is introduced into the vagina, typically resulting in mutual excitation and usually orgasm

Front 27

Genital herpes

Back 27

A disease characterized by blisters in the genital area, caused by a variety of the herpes simplex virus

Front 28

HPV: human papillomavirus

Back 28

any of a number of species that cause warts, particularly plantar warts and genital warts, on the skin and mucous membranes in humans; some are associated with malignancies of the genital tract

Front 29

STD

Back 29

A disease that is passed from one person to another through sexual intercourse or other intimate sexual contact

Front 30

Peri

Back 30

Around; about; enclosing

Front 31

–atresia

Back 31

Absence or abnormal narrowing of an opening or passage in the body.

Front 32

–ial

Back 32

Of, relating to, or characterized by

Front 33

–salpinx

Back 33

The fallopian tube

Front 34

Amenorrhea

Back 34

The fallopian tube

Front 35

Dysmenorrheal

Back 35

Painful menstruation.

Front 36

Hysteratresia

Back 36

atresia of the uterus.

Front 37

Hysterectomy

Back 37

Hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus

Front 38

Menorrhagia

Back 38

Excessively heavy menstrual flow with cycles of normal length. It is also called hypermenorrhea

Front 39

Vaginitis

Back 39

inflammation of the vagina.

Front 40

Oophoritis

Back 40

an inflammatory condition of one or both ovaries, usually occurring with salpingitis or another infection

Front 41

Oligomenorrhea

Back 41

Abnormally slight or infrequent menstrual flow.

Front 42

Mastectomy

Back 42

Mastectomy is the surgical removal of the breast for the treatment or prevention of breast cancer.

Front 43

Hysterosalpingogram

Back 43

an x-ray film of the uterus and the fallopian tubes using gas or a radiopaque substance introduced through the cervix to allow visualization of the cavity of the uterus and the passageway of the tubes.

Front 44

Dyspareunia

Back 44

Difficult or painful sexual intercourse.

Front 45

Leucorrhea

Back 45

A thick, whitish discharge from the vagina or cervical canal.

Front 46

Pap smear

Back 46

A screening test for precancerous and cancerous cells on the cervix. This simple test is done during a routine pelvic exam and involves scraping cells from the cervix.

Front 47

Dilation and curettage

Back 47

A procedure performed under anesthesia during which the cervix is opened more (or dilated) and tissue lining the uterus is scraped out with a metal, spoon-shaped instrument or a suction tube. The procedure can be used to diagnose a problem or to remove growths (polyps).

Front 48

Endometriosis

Back 48

the aberrant occurrence of tissue containing typical endometrial granular and stromal elements, in various locations in the pelvic cavity or other areas of the body.

Front 49

Fibrocystic breast disease (FBD)

Back 49

the presence of one or more cysts in a breast.

Front 50

Pelvic inflammatory Disease(PID)

Back 50

Inflammation of the female genital tract, accompanied by fever and lower abdominal pain

Front 51

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)

Back 51

Replacement of hormones to treat symptoms associated with menopause

Front 52

Ante

Back 52

In front of; before:

Front 53

Multi-

Back 53

Many; much; multiple

Front 54

Nulli-

Back 54

prefix meaning "none"

Front 55

Post-

Back 55

After; later

Front 56

–rrhea

Back 56

Flow; discharge:

Front 57

–rrhagia

Back 57

An abnormal or excessive flow or discharge

Front 58

–rrhaphy

Back 58

suffix meaning "suturing in place"

Front 59

–rrhexis

Back 59

suffix meaning "to rupture":

Front 60

–cyesis

Back 60

pregnancy

Front 61

–tocia

Back 61

suffix meaning "conditions of labor"

Front 62

–partum

Back 62

childbirth labor

Front 63

Prim/I

Back 63

Precise or proper to the point of affectation; excessively decorous

Front 64

Gravid/o

Back 64

Carrying developing young or eggs

Front 65

Nat/o

Back 65

birth

Front 66

Par/o , part/o

Back 66

An amount or level considered to be average; a standard

Front 67

Puerper/o

Back 67

relating to or connected with or occurring at the time of childbirth or shortly following, or to the woman who has just given birth.

Front 68

Gravida

Back 68

the number of the pregnancy that a woman is in; "in her third pregnancy a woman is said to be gravida three"

Front 69

Multigravida:

Back 69

A woman who has had two or more previous pregnancies.

Front 70

Dystocia

Back 70

abnormal, slow, or difficult childbirth, usually because of disordered or ineffective contractions of the uterus

Front 71

Hysterorrhexis

Back 71

Rupture of the uterus

Front 72

Abruptio placentae

Back 72

a disorder of pregnancy in which the placenta prematurely separates from the wall of the uterus

Front 73

Eclampsia

Back 73

a toxic condition of unknown cause that sometimes develops in the last three months of pregnancy, characterized by high blood pressure, abnormal weight gain and convulsions

Front 74

Ectopic pregnancy

Back 74

the abnormal development of a fertilized egg outside the cavity of the uterus, usually within a Fallopian tube

Front 75

Placenta previa

Back 75

protrusion of the intestine and omentum through a hernia in the abdominal wall near the navel; usually self correcting after birth

Front 76

Omphalocele

Back 76

protrusion of the intestine and omentum through a hernia in the abdominal wall near the navel; usually self correcting after birth

Front 77

Pyloric stenosis

Back 77

narrowing of the pyloric sphincter that blocks the passage of food from the stomach into the duodenum

Front 78

Down Syndrome

Back 78

A congenital disorder, caused by the presence of an extra 21st chromosome, in which the affected person has mild to moderate mental retardation, short stature, and a flattened facial profile. Also called trisomy 21.

Front 79

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)

Back 79

A respiratory disease of newborn babies, especially premature babies, characterized by distressful breathing, cyanosis, and the formation of a glassy membrane over the alveoli of the lungs. Also called hyaline membrane disease.

Front 80

Spina bifida

Back 80

A congenital defect caused by incomplete formation of the neural tube, in which the vertebral column is not fully closed, resulting in protrusion of the meninges and sometimes the spinal cord. Damage to the exposed spinal cord can cause neurological abnormalites, including paralysis.

Front 81

Episiotomy

Back 81

Surgical incision of the perineum during childbirth to facilitate delivery.

Front 82

Amniocentesis

Back 82

A procedure in which a small sample of amniotic fluid is drawn out of the uterus through a needle inserted in the abdomen. The fluid is then analyzed to detect genetic abnormalities in the fetus or to determine the sex of the fetus.

Front 83

Gravida

Back 83

the number of the pregnancy that a woman is in

Front 84

Lactogenic

Back 84

Inducing lactation

Front 85

Lactorrhea

Back 85

excessive or spontaneous milk flow; persistent secretion of milk irrespective of nursing; galactorrhea

Front 86

Nulligravida

Back 86

A woman who has never conceived a child.

Front 87

Primigravida

Back 87

A woman in her first pregnancy.

Front 88

Pseudocyesis

Back 88

false pregnancy, a condition in which a woman believes that she is pregnant when she is not. Certain signs and symptoms suggest pregnancy, such as the absence of the menses, although conception has not occurred and therefore there is no embryonic development

Front 89

Cesarean Section (C-section , CS)

Back 89

cesarean section is a surgical procedure in which incisions are made through a woman's abdomen and uterus to deliver her baby.

Front 90

Breech presentation

Back 90

presentation of the fetal buttocks or feet in labor; the feet may be alongside the buttocks (complete breech p.); the legs may be extended against the trunk and the feet lying against the face (frank breech p.); or one or both feet or knees may be prolapsed into the maternal vagina (incomplete breech)

Front 91

Lochia

Back 91

The normal uterine discharge of blood, tissue, and mucus from the vagina after childbirth.

Front 92

DOB

Back 92

date of birth

Front 93

EDD

Back 93

estimated (or expected) date of delivery

Front 94

LMP

Back 94

last menstrual period

Front 95

NB

Back 95

Newborn

Front 96

Primip

Back 96

primipara

Front 97

Brady

Back 97

Slow

Front 98

Menopause Tubal ligation Laparoscope

Back 98

Tubal ligation is a permanent voluntary form of birth control (contraception) in which a woman's Fallopian tubes are surgically cut or blocked off to prevent pregnancy.