Medical Terminology- Ch 12 Ab/gi Sx, Diagnosis

Front 1

anorexia

Back 1

loss of appetite (orexia=appetite)

Front 2

aphagia

Back 2

inability to swallow

Front 3

ascites

Back 3

accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Front 4

buccal

Back 4

in the cheek

Front 5

diarrhea

Back 5

frequent loose or liquid stools

Front 6

constipation

Back 6

infrequent or incomplete bowel movements characterized by hardened, dry stool that is difficult to pass (constipo=to press together)

Front 7

dyspepsia

Back 7

indigestion (pepsis= digestion)

Front 8

dysphagia

Back 8

difficulty in swallowing

Front 9

eructation

Back 9

belch

Front 10

flatulence

Back 10

gas in the stomach or intestines (flatus= a blowing)

Front 11

halitosis

Back 11

bad breath (halitus= breath)

Front 12

hematemesis

Back 12

vomiting blood

Front 13

hematochezia

Back 13

red blood in stool (chezo=defecate)

Front 14

hepatomegaly

Back 14

enlargement of the liver

Front 15

hyperbilirubinemia

Back 15

excessive level of bilirubin (bile pigment) in the blood

Front 16

icterus

Back 16

yellow discoloration of the skin, sclera (white of the eye), and other tissues caused by excessive bilirubin in the blood (jaundice=yellow)

Front 17

jaundice

Back 17

yellow discoloration of the skin, sclera (white of the eye), and other tissues caused by excessive bilirubin in the blood (jaundice=yellow)

Front 18

melena

Back 18

dark-colored, tarry stool caused by old blood

Front 19

nausea

Back 19

feeling sick in the stomach

Front 20

steatorrhea

Back 20

feces containing fat

Front 21

sublingual

Back 21

under the tongue

Front 22

hypoglossal

Back 22

under the tongue

Front 23

ankyloglossia

Back 23

tongue-tie; a defect of the tongue characterized by a short, thick frenulum (ankyl/o=crooked or stiff)

Front 24

cheilitis

Back 24

inflammation of the lip

Front 25

esophageal varices

Back 25

swollen, twisted veins in the esophagus that are especially susceptible to ulceration and hemorrhage

Front 26

esophagitis

Back 26

inflammation of the esophagus

Front 27

gastritis

Back 27

inflammation of the stomach

Front 28

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Back 28

backflow of contents of the stomach into the esophagus, often resulting from abnormal fxn of the lower esophageal sphincter, causing burning pain in the esophagus

Front 29

gingivitis

Back 29

inflammation of the gums

Front 30

glossitis

Back 30

inflammation of the tongue

Front 31

parotiditis, parotitis

Back 31

inflammation of the parotid gland; aka mumps

Front 32

peptic ulcer disease (PUD)

Back 32

sore on the mucous membrane of the stomach, duodenum, or any other part of the GI system exposed to gastric juices; commonly caused by infection with Helicobacter pylori (pept/o= to digest)

Front 33

gastric ulcer

Back 33

ulcer located in the stomach

Front 34

duodenal ulcer

Back 34

ulcer located in the duodenum

Front 35

pyloric stenosis

Back 35

narrowed condition of the pylorus

Front 36

sialoadenitis

Back 36

inflammation of a salivary gland

Front 37

stomatitis

Back 37

inflammation of the mouth

Front 38

anal fistula

Back 38

an abnormal, tube-like passageway from the anus that may connect with the rectum (fistula=pipe)

Front 39

appendicitis

Back 39

inflammation of the appendix

Front 40

colitis

Back 40

inflammation of the colon (large intestine)

Front 41

ulcerative colitis

Back 41

chronic inflammation of the colon with ulcerations

Front 42

colorectal polyps

Back 42

benign tissue growths on the mucous membrane lining the large intestine and rectum; adenomatous types are precancerous and likely to develop into malignancy

Front 43

pediculated polyp

Back 43

polyp projected on a stalk (ped/o=foot)

Front 44

sessile polyp

Back 44

polyp lying flat on the surface (sessilis= low growing)

Front 45

diverticulum

Back 45

an abnormal side pocket in the GI tract; usually related to a lack of dietary fiber

Front 46

diverticulosis

Back 46

presence of diverticula in the GI tract, especially the colon

Front 47

diverticulitis

Back 47

inflammation of diverticula

Front 48

dysentery

Back 48

inflammation of the intestine characterized by frequent, blood stools; most often caused by bacteria or protozoa (eg amebic dysentery)

Front 49

enteritis

Back 49

inflammation of the small intestine

Front 50

hemorrhoid

Back 50

swollen, twisted vein (varicosity) in the anal region (haimorrhois=a vein likely to bleed)

Front 51

hernia

Back 51

protrusion of a part from its normal location

Front 52

hiatal hernia

Back 52

protrusion of a part of the stomach upward through the opening in the diaphragm

Front 53

inguinal hernia

Back 53

protrusion of a loop of the intestine through layers of the abdominal wall in the inguinal region

Front 54

incarcerated hernia

Back 54

hernia that is swollen and fixed within a sac, causing an obstruction

Front 55

strangulated hernia

Back 55

hernia that is constricted, cut off from circulation, and likely to become gangrenous

Front 56

umbilical hernia

Back 56

protrusion of the intestine through a weakness in the abdominal wall around the umbilicus (navel)

Front 57

ilelitis

Back 57

inflammation of the lower portion of the small intestine

Front 58

intussusception

Back 58

prolapse of one part of the intestine into the lumen of the adjoining part (intus=within, suscipiens= to take up)

Front 59

peritonitis

Back 59

inflammation of the peritoneum

Front 60

proctitis

Back 60

inflammation of the rectum and the anus

Front 61

volvulus

Back 61

twisting of the bowel on itself, causing obstruction (volvo= to roll)

Front 62

cholangitis

Back 62

inflammation of the bile ducts

Front 63

cholecystitis

Back 63

inflammation of the gallbladder

Front 64

choledocholithiasis

Back 64

presence of stones in the common bile duct

Front 65

cholelithiasis

Back 65

presence of stones in the gallbladder or bile ducts

Front 66

cirrhosis

Back 66

chronic disease characterized by degeneration of liver tissue; most often caused by alcoholism or a nutritional deficiency (cirrho= yellow)

Front 67

hepatitis

Back 67

inflammation of the liver

Front 68

hepatitis A

Back 68

inflammation of the liver caused by hepatitis A virus (HAV) usually transmitted orally through fecal contamination of food or water

Front 69

hepatitis B

Back 69

inflammation of the liver caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) which is transmitted sexually or by exposure to contaminated blood or body fluids

Front 70

hepatitis C

Back 70

inflammation of the liver caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) which is transmitted by exposure to infected blood; this strain is rarely contracted sexually

Front 71

pancreatitis

Back 71

inflammation of the pancreas