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130 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Eponyms
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Terms derived from the name of a person, often a physician or scientist
ex: Parkinson's Disease |
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arthr-
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WR: joint
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hepat-
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WR: liver
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ven-
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WR: vein
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oste-
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WR: bone
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-itis
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S: inflammation
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-ic:
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S: pertaining to
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-ous
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S: pertaining to
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-pathy
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S: disease
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-megaly
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S: enlargement
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intra-
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P: within
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sub-
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P: under
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word root
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Word part that is the core of the word. Contains the fundamental meaning of the word
ex: ARTHR/itis |
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combining form
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Word root with the combining vowel attached, separated by a vertical slash
ex: ARTHR/O |
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cell
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basic unit of all living things.
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cell membrane
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forms the boundary of the cell
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cytoplasm
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gel-like fluid inside the cell
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nucleus
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largest structure within the cell, usually spherical and centrally located. Contains chromosomes for cellular reproduction and is the control center of the cell
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chromosomes
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located in the nucleus of the cell. 46 in all human cells other than mature sex cells, containing 23.
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genes
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regions within the chromosome. Each chromosome has several thousand genes that determine hereditary characteristics
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DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
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comprises each genes; is a chemical that regulates the activities of the cell
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tissue
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group of similar cells that performs a specific task
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muscle tissue
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composed of cells that have a special ability to contract, usually producing movement
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nervous tissue
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found in the nerves, spinal cord, and brain. It is responsible for coordinating and controlling body activities
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connective tissue
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connects, supports, penetrates, and encases various body structures. Adipose (fat), osseous (bone) tissues, and blood are types.
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epithelial tissue
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the major covering of the external surface of the body; forms membranes that line body cavities and organs and is the major tissue in glands
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organ
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two or more kinds of tissues that together perform special body functions.
ex: skin is an organ composed of epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue |
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system
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group of organs that work together to perform complex body functions.
ex: cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. |
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cranial cavity
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space inside the skull containing the brain
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spinal cavity
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space inside the spinal column containing the spinal cord
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thoracic cavity
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aka chest cavity. space containing the heart, aorta, lungs, esophagus, trachea, and bronchi
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abdominal cavity
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space containing the stomach, liver, kidneys, intestines, gall bladder, pancreas, spleen, and uterus.
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pelvic cavity
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space containing the urinary bladder, certain reproductive organs, parts of the large intestine, and rectum
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abdeominopelvic cavity
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both the pelvic and abdominal cavities
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aden/o
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CF: gland
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cyt/o
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CF: cell
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epitheli/o
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CF: epithelium
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fibr/o
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CF: fiber
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hist/o
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CF: tissue
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kary/o
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CF: nucleus
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lip/o
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CF: fat
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my/o
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CF: muscle
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neur/o
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CF: nerve
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organ/o
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CF: organ
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sarc/o
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CF: flesh, connective tissue
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system/o
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CF: system
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viscer/o
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CF: internal organs
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carcino/o
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CF: cancer/o, cancer (a disease characterized by the unregulated, abnormal growth of new cells
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eti/o
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CF: cause (of disease)
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gno/o
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CF: knowledge
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iatr/o
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CF: physician, medicine (also means treatment)
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lei/o
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CF: smooth
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onc/o
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CF: tumor, mass
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path/o
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CF: disease
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rhabd/o
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CF: rod-shaped, striated
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somat/o
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CF: body
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chlor/o
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CF: green
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chrom/o
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CF: color
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cyan/o
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CF: blue
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erythr/o
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CF: red
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leuk/o
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CF: white
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melan/o
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CF: black
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xanth/o
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CF: yellow
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dia-
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P: through, complete
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dys-
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P: painful, abnormal, difficult, labored
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hyper-
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P: above, excessive
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hypo-
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P: below, incomplete, deficient
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meta-
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P: after, beyond, change
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neo-
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P: new
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pro-
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P: before
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Suffix for pertaining to
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-al, -ic, -ous
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-cyte
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S: cell
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-gen
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S: substance or agent that produces or causes
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-genesis
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S: origin, cause
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-genic
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S: producing, originating, causing
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-logist
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S: one who studies and treats (physician, specialist)
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-logy
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S: study of
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-oid
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S: resemgling
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-oma
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S: tumor, swelling
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-osis
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S: abnormal condition (means increase when used with blood cell word roots)
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-pathy
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S: disease
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-plasia
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S: condition of formation, development, growth
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-plasm
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S: growth, substance, formation
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-sarcoma
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S: malignant tumor
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-sis
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S: state of
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-stasis
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S: control, stop, standing
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Oncology
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study of tumors. Tumors develop from excessive growth of cells from a body part. Tumors, or masses, are benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous) The names of tumors are often made of the word root for the body part and the suffix -oma ex. my/oma
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sarcoma
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malignant connective tissue tumor
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carcinoma
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cancerous tumor (malignant)
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cytogenic
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producing cells
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cytoid
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resembling a cell
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cytoplasm
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cell substance
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dysplasia
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abnormal development
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erythrocyte
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red blood cell
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erythrocytosis
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increase in the number of red blood cells
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hyperplasia
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excessive development
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hypodisplasia
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incomplete development
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karyocyte
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cell with a nucleus
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karyoplasm
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substance with a nucleus
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leukocyte
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white blood cell
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leukocytosis
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increase in number of white blood cells
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lipoid
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resembling fat
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neuroid
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resembling a nerve
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somatic
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pertaining to the body
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somatogenic
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originating in the body
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somatoplasm
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body substance
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carcinogenic
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producing cancer
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cyanosis
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abnormal condition of blue discoloration of the skin caused by inadequate supply of oxygen in the blood
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diagnosis
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state of complete knowledge
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etiology
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study of causes
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iatrogenic
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produced by a physician
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iatrology
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study of medicine
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metastasis
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beyond control (transfer of dz from one organ to another)
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neopathy
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new dz
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oncogenic
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causing tumors
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prognosis
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Px state of before knowledge (prediction of the outcome of the dz)
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xanthrochromic
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pertaining to yellow color
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xanthosis
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abnormal condition of yellow discoloration
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benign
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not malignant, recurrent, favorable for recovery
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carcinoma in situ
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cancer in the early stage before invading surrounding tissue
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-osis
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abnormal condition
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chemotherapy
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treatment of cancer with drugs
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encapsulated
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enclosed in a capsule, as with benign tumors
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exacerbation
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increase in the severity of a disease or its symptoms
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idiopathic
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pertaining to disease of an unknown origin
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inflammation
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response to injury or destruction of tissue characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain
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in vitro
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within a glass, observable within a test tube
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in vivo
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within the body
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malignant
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tending to become progressively worse and to cause death, as in cancer
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remission
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improvement or absence of signs of disease
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