Medical Terminology And Anatomy Aapc Cpc Chapter 2 Review

Front 1

Heart’s Blood Flow

Back 1

Front 2

Ventricles

Back 2

Two lower chambers of the heart that pump blood out of the heart. The walls of the

chambers, and particularly the walls of the left ventricle, are far more heavily muscled than the walls of the atria.

Front 3

Right Ventricle

Back 3

Receives blood from the right atrium, opens into the pulmonary artery, which transports blood to the lung.

Front 4

Left Ventricle

Back 4

Hardest working chamber in the heart, receives blood from the left atrium, opens into the aorta disseminating oxygen-rich blood to the tissues through the circulatory system.

Front 5

Atria

Back 5

Upper chamber of the heart that receives blood into the heart and drives it into a ventricle.

Front 6

Right Atrium

Back 6

Receives from the veins blood low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide; this blood is transferred to the right ventricle and is pumped to the lungs.

Front 7

Left Atrium

Back 7

Receives from the lungs blood high in oxygen and low in carbon dioxide; this blood flows into the left ventricle and is pumped through the

arteries to the tissues.

Front 8

Pulmonary Vein

Back 8

Vessel through which oxygenated blood is

returned to the heart from the lungs.

Front 9

Lungs

Back 9

Right lung has 3 lobes, left lung has 2.

Front 10

Diaphragm

Back 10

Dome-shaped, muscular and membranous structure that separates the thoracic (chest) and abdominal cavities. It is the principal muscle of respiration. Flattens (contracts) during

inspiration. Also important in expulsive actions—e.g., coughing, sneezing, vomiting, crying, and expelling feces, urine, and, in parturition, a fetus.

Front 11

Peristalsis

Back 11

A series of wave-like muscle contractions thatmoves food to different processing stations in the digestive tract. The processof peristalsis begins in the esophagus when a bolus of foodis swallowed.

Front 12

Small Intestine flow of nutrients

Back 12

Duodenum →

Jejunum →

Ileum

Front 13

Large Intestine flow of nutrients

Back 13

Cecum → Ascending Colon (right side of body) →Transverse Colon → (Left Splenic Flexure) →

Descending Colon (left side of body) →

(Sigmoid Flexure) → Sigmoid Colon → Rectum

Front 14

Peritonitis

Back 14

Inflammation of the membrane lining the

abdominal cavity and covering the abdominal organs.

Front 15

Hemodialysis

Back 15

Removal of waste products from the blood.

Front 16

Adrenal Gland

Back 16

Also called suprarenal gland; located on the

superior surface of the kidney; consists of two parts: an inner medulla, which produces

epinephrine and norepinephrine (adrenaline and noradrenaline), and an outer cortex, which produces steroid hormones.

Front 17

Trochanter

Back 17

A broad, flat process on the femur, at the upper end of its lateral surface (greater trochanter), or a short conical process on the posterior border of the base of its neck (lesser trochanter).

Front 18

Medulla Oblongata

Back 18

Lowest part of the brain and the lowest portion of the brain stem, connected by the pons to the mid brain and is continuous posteriorly with the spinal cord, controls blood pressure, heart rate and respiration.

Front 19

Meningioma

Back 19

Tumor of the meninges.

Front 20

Meninges (singular meninx)

Back 20

Three membranous envelopes (pia mater,

arachnoid, and dura mater) that surround the brain and spinal cord.

Front 21

Neurolysis

Back 21

Destruction of a nerve or nervous tissue.

Front 22

Lacrimal Sac (Dacrocyst)

Back 22

The upper dilated end of the nasolacrimal duct, and is lodged in a deep groove formed by the lacrimal bone and frontal process of the maxilla. Receives tears from the lacrimal ducts and

carries to the nasal cavity.

Front 23

Dacryocystectomy

Back 23

Excision of the lacrimal sac.

Front 24

Gonioscopy

Back 24

Examination of the anterior chamber of the eye.

Front 25

Polysomnography

Back 25

A diagnostic tool in sleep medicine.

Front 26

Thyrotoxicosis

Back 26

Also called Hyperthyroidism, a condition where the thyroid is overactive. Most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves disease.

Front 27

Psoriasis

Back 27

A chronic condition characterized by red, dry,

elevated lesions, covered by silvery scales.

Front 28

Stratum Germinativum

Back 28

Deepest layer of epidermis, lies on top of the dermis and has access to a rich supply of blood.

Front 29

Superficial Fascia

Back 29

The thin layer of loose fatty connective tissue

underlying the dermis and anchoring the skin to the underlying musculature,protecting

underlying structures, preventing loss of body heat, included in thehypodermis.

Front 30

Primigravida

Back 30

Describes a woman in her first pregnancy.

Front 31

Vernix Caseosa

Back 31

A white cheese-like substance covering the lanugo (downy hair covering the body) of a fetus.

Front 32

Colostrum

Back 32

A form of milk produced the first few days after giving birth.

Front 33

Cowper’s Gland

Back 33

Also called Bulbourethral gland. Either of two pea-shaped glands in the male, located beneath the prostate gland at the beginning of the

internal portion of the penis; they add fluids to semen during the process of ejaculation to

lubricate the urethra.

Front 34

Bartholin's Gland

Back 34

Found on either side of the introitus, part of the external female genitalia

Front 35

Tympanic Membrane

Back 35

Also called eardrum, separates the external ear from the middle ear, receives sound vibrations from the outer air and transmits them to the

auditory ossicles, which are tiny bones in the tympanic (middle ear) cavity.

Front 36

Rinne Test

Back 36

Test measuring hearing using bone conduction and air conduction.

Front 37

Body Cavities

Back 37

Cranial, Spinal, Thoracic, Abdominal, Pelvic

Front 38

Membranes

Back 38

Mucous, Serous, Synovial, Meninges, Cutaneous

Front 39

Urinary System

Back 39

Main function - Production of urine for excretion of metabolic wastes, along with fluid and electrolyte balance.

Front 40

Musculoskeletal System

Back 40

System of muscles, joints, tendons, andligaments providing movement, form, strength, and protection.

Front 41

Lymphatic System

Back 41

Comprised of lymph vessels and lymph nodes.Collects excess fluid from the interstitial spaces and returns it to the heart,operating through a series of one-way valves without a pump.

Front 42

Nervous System

Back 42

Network of nerve fibers traversing the human body, composed of central(brain and spinal cord) and peripheral portions. Regulates body functions andprovides an internal method of communication between the brain and other

organs, and between the organism and its

environment.