Medical Terminology (After Midterms 1)

Front 1

consists of bone and soft tissue the surround and support the teeth

Back 1

peridontium

Front 2

a series of wave like contractions of smooth muscles of the intestine in a single direction

Back 2

peristalsis

Front 3

branch of medicine concerened with the prevention and control of obesity and associated disease

Back 3

bariatrics

Front 4

bar/o

Back 4

weight

Front 5

also known as canker sores, or mouth ulcer, grey white pus with red boarder in the soft tissues lining the mouth

Back 5

apthous ulcers

Front 6

apth/o

Back 6

ulcers

Front 7

also known as chelitis, is a disorder of the lips characterized by cracklike sores at the corners of the mouth

Back 7

cheilosis

Front 8

cheil/o

Back 8

lips

Front 9

also known as cold sores or fever blisters are blister like sores on the lips and adjacent facial tissues caused by the oral herpes simplex virus type 1

Back 9

herpes labias

Front 10

labi/o

Back 10

lips

Front 11

describes bleeding from and part of the mouth

Back 11

stomatorrhagia

Front 12

stomat/o

Back 12

mouth

Front 13

describes any restriction of the opening of the mouth caused by trauma, surgery, or radiation associated with treatment of oral cancer

Back 13

trismus

Front 14

also known as dry mouth, lack of adequate saliva due to diminished secretion in the saliva glands

Back 14

xerostomia

Front 15

xer/o

Back 15

dry

Front 16

difficulty in swallowing

Back 16

dysphagia

Front 17

-phagia

Back 17

eating/swallowing

Front 18

also known as GERD, upward flow of acid from the stomach into the esophagus

Back 18

gastroesophageal reflux disease

Front 19

enlarged and swollen veins at the lower end of the esophagus

Back 19

esophageal varices

Front 20

condition in which a portion of the stomach protrudes upward into the chest through the opening in the diaphragm

Back 20

hiatal hernia

Front 21

hiat/o

Back 21

stomach

Front 22

an eating disorder characterized by a false perception of the body appearance

Back 22

anorexia nervosa

Front 23

an eating disorder characterized by frequent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as self induced vomiting or the misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or other medicines

Back 23

bulimia nervosa

Front 24

condition of physical wasting away due to the loss of weight and muscle mass that occurs in patients with disease such as advanced cancer /AIDS

Back 24

cachexia

Front 25

an excessive accumulation of fat in the body

Back 25

obesity

Front 26

condition of weight 2 or 3 times or more, than the ideal weight or having a body mass index value greater than 39

Back 26

morbid obesity

Front 27

the excessive swallowing of air while eating or drinking and is a common cause of gas

Back 27

aerophagia

Front 28

aer/o

Back 28

air

Front 29

also known as indigestion, pain or discomfort in digestion

Back 29

dyspepsia

Front 30

peps/i

Back 30

digest

Front 31

act of belching or raising gas orally from the stomach

Back 31

eructation

Front 32

eruct/o

Back 32

belch forth

Front 33

also known as vomiting, reflux ejection of the stomach contents through the mouth

Back 33

emesis

Front 34

vomiting of blood

Back 34

hematoemesis

Front 35

extreme persistant vomiting that can cause dehydration

Back 35

hyperemesis

Front 36

return of swallowed food into the mouth

Back 36

regurgitation

Front 37

presence of a number of diverticula in the colon

Back 37

diverticulosis

Front 38

inflammation of one or more diverticula in the colon

Back 38

diverticulitis

Front 39

inflammation of the small intestine caused by eating or drinking substances contaminated with viral and bacterial pathogens

Back 39

enteritis

Front 40

disruption caused by the failure of peristalsis rather than by mechanical obstruction

Back 40

ileus

Front 41

chronic condition of unknown cause in which repeated episodes of inflammation in the rectum and large intestine cause ulcers and irritation

Back 41

ulcerative colitis

Front 42

chronic autoimmune disease that can occur anywhere in the digestive tract

Back 42

chrons disease

Front 43

the twisting of intestine on itself that causes obstruction

Back 43

volvulous

Front 44

protrusion of a small lip of bowel through a weak place in lower abdominal wall or groin

Back 44

inguinal hernia

Front 45

also known as food poisoning, a rare, but very serious condition transmitted through contaminated food or an infected wound, caused by bacterium-clostridium botulinum that produces a toxin

Back 45

botulism

Front 46

transmitted through contact with contaminated food or water caused by bacterium that causes severe diarrhea

Back 46

cholera

Front 47

also known as amebiasis is transmitted by food or water that is contaminated due to poor sanitary conditions

Back 47

amebic dysentery

Front 48

also referred to as salmonella, transmitted by food that is often contaminated by feces containing salmonella bacteria

Back 48

salmonellosis

Front 49

passage of black tarlike stools containing blood that's been acted on by the intestinal juices

Back 49

melena

Front 50

inflammation of the liver

Back 50

hepatitis

Front 51

hepat/o

Back 51

liver

Front 52

yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes and the eyes caused by higher than normal amounts of bilirubin

Back 52

jaundice

Front 53

progressive degenerative disease of the liver that's often caused by excessive alcohol use or viral hepatitis B or C

Back 53

cirrhosis

Front 54

abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Back 54

ascites

Front 55

an acute infection of the bile duct characterized by pain in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen, fever, and jaundice

Back 55

cholangitis

Front 56

cholang/o

Back 56

bile duct

Front 57

pain in the gallbladder

Back 57

cholecystalgia

Front 58

cholecyst/o

Back 58

gallbladder

Front 59

the presence of gallstones in the bladder or bile ducts

Back 59

cholelithiasis

Front 60

lith/o

Back 60

stone

Front 61

also known as fecal occult blood test is a laboratory test for hidden blood in stools

Back 61

hemoccult test

Front 62

direct visual examination of the inner surface of the entire colon from the rectum to the cecum

Back 62

colonoscopy

Front 63

radiographic examination of the bile ducts with the use of contrast medium

Back 63

cholangiography

Front 64

the endoscopic examination of the interior of the rectum, sigmoid colon, possibly a portion of the descending colon

Back 64

sigmoidoscopy

Front 65

medication that's administered to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting

Back 65

antiemetic

Front 66

surgically placed feeding tube from the exterior of the body into the stomach

Back 66

gastronomy tube

Front 67

establishment of an astamosis between the upper portion of the stomach and the duodenum

Back 67

gastroduodenostomy

Front 68

surgical connection between 2 hollow or tubular structures

Back 68

anastamosis

Front 69

surgical fixation of a prolapsed rectum to an adjacent organ

Back 69

proctopexy

Front 70

proct/o

Back 70

anus / rectum

Front 71

incision into the common bile duct for the removal of gallstones

Back 71

choledocholithotomy

Front 72

chloch/o

Back 72

common bile duct

Front 73

also known as uremic poisoning, toxic condition resulting from the renal failure in which kidney function is compromised and urea is retained in the blood

Back 73

uremia

Front 74

ur/o

Back 74

urine/urinary tract

Front 75

excessive fluid in the body tissues

Back 75

anuria

Front 76

the presence of abnormally high concentrations of protein in the urine

Back 76

hyperproteinuria

Front 77

presence of abnormally low concentrations of protein in the blood, this condition is often associated with hyperproteinuria

Back 77

hypoproteinuria

Front 78

any diseaswe of the kidney

Back 78

nephropathy

Front 79

nephr/o

Back 79

kidney

Front 80

the dilation (swelling) of one or both kidneys

Back 80

hydronephrosis

Front 81

the distention of the pelvis of the kidney

Back 81

nephrectasis

Front 82

also known as brights disease, a type of kidney disease caused by inflammation of the glomeruli that causes red blood cells and proteins to leak into the urine

Back 82

glomerulonephritis

Front 83

also known as floating kidney, is the prolapse of the kidney

Back 83

nephroptosis

Front 84

also known as pyonephrosis, is suppuration (pus) of the kidney

Back 84

nephropyosis

Front 85

genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous fluid filled cysts in the kidneys

Back 85

polycystic kidney disease

Front 86

a malignant tumor of the kidney occurs in young children

Back 86

wims tumor

Front 87

describes the presence of stones in the kidney

Back 87

nephrolithiasis

Front 88

also known as renal calculus, or kidney stone, found in the kidney

Back 88

nephrolith

Front 89

stone located anywhere along the ureter

Back 89

ureterolith

Front 90

stone located within the urinary bladder

Back 90

cystolith

Front 91

the distension of the ureter

Back 91

ureterctasis

Front 92

distension of the ureter within the urine that cannot flow cause ureter is blocked

Back 92

hydroureter

Front 93

discharge of blood from the ureter

Back 93

ureterorrhagia

Front 94

inflammation of the urethra

Back 94

urethritis

Front 95

inflammation of the bladder

Back 95

cystitis

Front 96

cyst/o

Back 96

bladder/cyst/sac

Front 97

also known as fallen bladder, hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall

Back 97

cystocele

Front 98

chronic inflammation within the walls of the bladder

Back 98

interstitial cystitits

Front 99

abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina that allows constant flow of urine from the bladder into the vagina

Back 99

vasico vaginal fistula

Front 100

congenital abnormality of the urethral opening (in males surface of penis in females near the clitoris)

Back 100

epispdias

Front 101

congenital of the urethral opening (in males under the surface of he penis in females into the vagina

Back 101

hypospadias

Front 102

also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia, enlarged prostate, or protatomegaly, is an abnormal enlargement of the prostate gland that occurs most often in men over 50

Back 102

benign prostatic hypertrophy

Front 103

condition of having symptoms resulting from compression or obstruction of urethra due to benign prostatic hypertrophy

Back 103

prostatism

Front 104

increased output of urine

Back 104

diuresis

Front 105

diur/o

Back 105

increasing urine output

Front 106

involuntary discharge of urine

Back 106

enuresis

Front 107

excessive urination during the night

Back 107

nocturia

Front 108

noct/i

Back 108

night

Front 109

means scanty urination

Back 109

oliguria

Front 110

olig/o

Back 110

few/scanty

Front 111

excessive urination

Back 111

polyuria

Front 112

means the inability to control excreation of urine and feces

Back 112

incontinence

Front 113

the insertion of a tube into the bladder to produce a sterile specimen for diagnostic purposes. performed due to withdraw urine for diagnostic purposes, to control incontinence of replace fluid such chemotherapy solution into the bladder.

Back 113

catheterization

Front 114

visual examination of the bladder using a cystoscope

Back 114

cystoscopy

Front 115

also known as excretory urography, is a radiographic study of the kidneys and ureters

Back 115

intravaneous pyelogram

Front 116

diagnostic procedure in which fluoroscope is used to examine the flow of urine from the bladder through the urethra

Back 116

voiding cystourethrography

Front 117

protein produced by cells of the prostate gland. a blood test for higher levels of (PSA) screens for prostate cancer

Back 117

proststa specific antigen (PSA)

Front 118

procedure to tremove (filter) waste products from blood of a patient whose kidneys no longer function

Back 118

dialysis

Front 119

the process by which waste products are filtered directly from patients blood

Back 119

hemodialysis

Front 120

lining of the peritoneal cavity acts as the filter to remove wasts from the blood

Back 120

peritoneal dialysis

Front 121

freeing of the kidney from adhesions

Back 121

nephrolysis

Front 122

surgical repair of renal pelvis

Back 122

pyeloplasty

Front 123

pyel/o

Back 123

renal pelvis

Front 124

the destruction of stones with use of high energy ultrasonic waves traveling through water or gel

Back 124

extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy

Front 125

performed by making small incision in the back and inserting a nephroscope to crush and remove a kidney stone

Back 125

percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Front 126

surgical suturing of the ureter

Back 126

ureterorrhaphy

Front 127

surgical fixation of the bladder to the abdominal wall

Back 127

cystopexy

Front 128

surgical incision for the removal of a stone from the bladder

Back 128

lithotomy

Front 129

surgical fixation of the urethra

Back 129

urethropexy

Front 130

term used to describe some types of treatment of prostate cancer, describes the removal of a body part or the destruction of its function by surgery, hormones, drugs, heat, chemicals, electrotherapy or other method

Back 130

ablation

Front 131

chemical substances that make it possible for messages to cross from the synapse of a neuron to target the receptor

Back 131

neurotransmitters

Front 132

neur/o

Back 132

nerve

Front 133

the thick, tough, outermost membrane of the meninges

Back 133

dura mater

Front 134

medical professional who specializes in administering anesthesia, but its not a physician, for example, a nurse anesthetist

Back 134

anesthetist

Front 135

-ethesia

Back 135

sensation/feeling

Front 136

the doctor/physician

Back 136

anesthesiologist

Front 137

which can be proceeded by a warning aura, characterized by throbbing pain on one side of the head (migrane headache)

Back 137

caphalgia

Front 138

congenital herniation of the meninges through a defect in the skull/spinal column

Back 138

meningocele

Front 139

condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in ventricles of the brain

Back 139

hydrocephalus

Front 140

inflammation of the meninges of brain and spinal chord

Back 140

meningitis

Front 141

group of disorders involving the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language

Back 141

alzheimers disease

Front 142

describes mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory

Back 142

cognition

Front 143

slowly progressive decline in mental abilities, including memory, thinking, judgement that's often accompanied by personality changes

Back 143

dementia

Front 144

an inflammation of the brain can be caused by viral infections such as rabies

Back 144

encephalitis

Front 145

chronic degenerative central nervous disorder characterized by muscle tremors, rigidity, and slow or shuffling gait

Back 145

parkinsons diseases

Front 146

potentially seriously or deadly in children that's characterized by vomiting and confusion

Back 146

reyes syndrome

Front 147

violent shaking up or jarring of the brain which may cause a result in temporary loss of awareness and function

Back 147

concussion

Front 148

concuss/o

Back 148

violently agitated

Front 149

the bruising of the brain tissue as the result of a head injury that causes brain to bounce against the rigid bone of the skull

Back 149

cerebral contusion

Front 150

contus/o

Back 150

bruise

Front 151

a collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain

Back 151

cranial hematoma

Front 152

describes the result of a child being violently shaked by someone. this action can cause brain injury, blindness, fractures, seizures, paralysis, and death

Back 152

shaken baby syndrome

Front 153

lowered level of consciousness makred by listlessness, drowsiness, and apathy

Back 153

lethargy

Front 154

lethargy/o

Back 154

drowsiness

Front 155

also known as fainting is the brief loss of consciousness caused by the decreased flow of blood to the brain

Back 155

syncope

Front 156

profound state of unconsciousness marked by the absence of spontaneous eye movements, no response to painful stimuli, and lack of speech

Back 156

coma

Front 157

acute condition of confusion, disorientation, disordered thinking and memory, agitation and hallucinations

Back 157

delirium

Front 158

stroke, or CVA is damage to the brain that occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted because a blood vessel is either blocked or has ruptured

Back 158

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

Front 159

cerebr/o

Back 159

cerebrum/brain

Front 160

most common type of stroke in older people, occurs when the flow of blood to the brain is blocked, may be caused by narrowing of the carotid artery or by a cerebral thrombus

Back 160

ischemic stoke

Front 161

isch/o

Back 161

to hold back

Front 162

also known as a bleed, occurs what a blood vessel in the brain leaks

Back 162

hemorrhagic stroke

Front 163

sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day

Back 163

narcolepsy

Front 164

narc/o

Back 164

stupor

Front 165

inflammation involving a spinal nerve root resulting in pain and hyperesthesia

Back 165

radiculitis

Front 166

radicul/o

Back 166

nerve root

Front 167

-lepsy

Back 167

seizure

Front 168

inflammation of the spinal cord

Back 168

myelitis

Front 169

nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve roots in the neck region

Back 169

cervical rediculopathy

Front 170

progressive autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation that causes demyelination of the myelin sheath

Back 170

multiple sclerosis

Front 171

also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks their nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscle

Back 171

amyotropic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

Front 172

temporary paralysis of the 7th cranial nerve that causes paralysis only of the affected side of the face

Back 172

bells palsy

Front 173

also known as infectious polyneuritis, is an inflammation of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves characterized by rapidly worsening muscles weakness that can lead to temporary paralysis

Back 173

guillan barre syndrome

Front 174

inflammation of the sciatic nerve that results in burning, tingling, along the course of the affected sciatic nerve through the thigh, leg, or foot

Back 174

sciatica

Front 175

characterized by severe lightning like pain due to an inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve

Back 175

trigeminal neuralgia

Front 176

chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures of varying severity

Back 176

epilepsy

Front 177

persistent severe burning pairn that usually follows an injury to a sensory nerve

Back 177

causalgia

Front 178

condition of abnormal and excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, or other sensory stimuli

Back 178

hyperesthesia

Front 179

-esthesia

Back 179

sensation/feeling

Front 180

refers to the burning/prickling sensation that's usually felt in hands, arms, legs, or feet but can also occur in other parts

Back 180

parethesia

Front 181

also known as peripheral neuritis, disorder of the nerves that carry info to and from the brain and spinal cord

Back 181

peripheral neuropathy

Front 182

ultrasound study of carotid artery

Back 182

carotid ultrasonography

Front 183

use of ultrasound imaging to diagnose a shift in the midline structures of the brain

Back 183

echoencephalography

Front 184

radiographic study of the spinal cord after injection of contrast media through lumbar puncture

Back 184

myelography

Front 185

medication used to induce anesthesia

Back 185

anesthetic

Front 186

regional anesthesia produced by injection a local anesthetic into the epidural space of the lumbar region of the spine

Back 186

epidural anesthesia

Front 187

mental conditions characterized by excessive, irrational, dread of everyday situation, or fear that's out of proportion to the real danger in a situation

Back 187

anxiety disorder

Front 188

anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, unwanted obsessions and or compulsion

Back 188

obsessive compulsive disorder

Front 189

characterized by a group of intense emotional feelings that include apprehension, fearfulness, and terror

Back 189

panic attack

Front 190

may develop after an event involving actual or threatened death/injury to the individual or someone else, during which the person felt intense fear, helplessness, or horror

Back 190

posttraumatic stress disorder

Front 191

excessive fear of being in high places

Back 191

acrophobia

Front 192

(acr/o)

Back 192

top/extreme point

Front 193

abnormal fear of being in narrow/closed spaces

Back 193

claustrophobia

Front 194

claustr/o

Back 194

barrier

Front 195

also known as autistic disorders, describes a group of conditions in which a young child cant develop normal social relationships, compulsively follows repetitive routines, and frequently has poor communication skills

Back 195

autism

Front 196

also known as developmental reading disorder, a learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to inability of brain to process symbols

Back 196

dyslexia

Front 197

lex/o

Back 197

word/phrase

Front 198

condition in which individual acts as if he or she has physical/mental illness when he or she isn't really sick

Back 198

factitious disorder

Front 199

factitious

Back 199

artificial/induced

Front 200

sensory perception experienced in the absence of external stimulation

Back 200

hallucination

Front 201

hallucin/o

Back 201

wandering mind

Front 202

psychotic disorder usually characterized by withdrawl from reality, illogical patterns of thinking, delusions, hallucinations, and accompanied in varying degree by other emotional, behavioral, intellectual disturbance

Back 202

schizophrenia

Front 203

schiz/o

Back 203

division/split

Front 204

phreno

Back 204

mind