Medical Terminology

Front 1

appendage

Back 1

any body part attached to a main structure

Front 2

articulation

Back 2

place of union between two or more bones; also called a joint

Front 3

cancellous

Back 3

latticelike arrangement of bony plates occurring at the ends of long bones

Front 4

cruciate ligaments

Back 4

ligaments that cross each other, forming an X within the notch between the femoral condyles

Front 5

hematopoiesis

Back 5

production and development of blood cells, normally in the bone marrow

Front 6

Skeletal Muscles

Back 6

voluntary, striated muscles

Front 7

Cardiac Muscle

Back 7

found only in the heart. it is striated, but produces rhythmic involuntary contractions

Front 8

Smooth Muscle

Back 8

involuntary (visceral) muscles, found in visceral organs, walls of arteries and respiratory passages, and controlled by autonomic (involuntary) nervous system

Front 9

Short Bones

Back 9

cube-shaped, consist of spongy bone core enclosed in a thin layer of compact bone.

Ex. bones of ankles, wrist, toes

Front 10

Irregular bones

Back 10

complex shapes; vertebrae and middle ear

Front 11

flat bones

Back 11

provide broad surfaces for muscular attachment; skull, shoulder blades, sternum

Front 12

long bones

Back 12

arms, legs, etc.

Front 13

osteoblasts

Back 13

bone-forming cells

Front 14

fontanel

Back 14

soft spot that lies between cranial bones; allows fetus to move through birth canal

Front 15

frontal bone

Back 15

forms the anterior portion of the skull (forehead)

Front 16

parietal bone

Back 16

situated on each side of the skull behind the frontal bone. form upper sides and roof of cranium

Front 17

occipital bone

Back 17

forms the back and base of the skull

Front 18

two temporal bones

Back 18

each side of skull, form lower cranium

Front 19

mastoid process

Back 19

provides a point of attachment for several neck muscles

Front 20

sphenoid bone

Back 20

middle part of the base of the skull, forms central wedge that joins with all other cranial bones

Front 21

ethmoid bone

Back 21

forms the bony area between the nasal cavity and parts of the orbits of the eyes

Front 22

ankyl/o

Back 22

stiffness, bent, crooked

Front 23

arthr/o

Back 23

joint

Front 24

kyph/o

Back 24

humpback

Front 25

lamin/o

Back 25

lamina

Front 26

lord/o

Back 26

curve, swayback

Front 27

myel/o

Back 27

bone marrow; spinal cord

Front 28

orth/o

Back 28

straight

Front 29

oste/o

Back 29

bone

Front 30

ped/o

ped/i

Back 30

foot; child

Front 31

scoli/o

Back 31

crooked, bent

Front 32

thorac/o

Back 32

chest

Front 33

acromi/o

Back 33

acromion

Front 34

brachi/o

Back 34

arm

Front 35

carp/o

Back 35

wrist bone (carpus)

Front 36

cephal/o

Back 36

head

Front 37

cervic/o

Back 37

neck; cervix uteri

Front 38

clavicul/o

Back 38

clavicle

Front 39

cost/o

Back 39

ribs

Front 40

dactyl/o

Back 40

fingers; toes

Front 41

ili/o

Back 41

ilium

Front 42

ischi/o

Back 42

ischium

Front 43

lumb/o

Back 43

loins (lower back)

Front 44

metatars/o

Back 44

metatarsus (foot bones)

Front 45

patell/o

Back 45

patella (kneecap)

Front 46

pod/o

Back 46

foot

Front 47

pub/o

Back 47

pelvis bone

Front 48

radi/o

Back 48

radiation, x-ray; radius (lower arm bone on thumb side)

Front 49

spondyl/o

vertebr/o

Back 49

vertebrae

Front 50

stern/o

Back 50

sternum

Front 51

tibi/o

Back 51

tibia

Front 52

leiomy/o

Back 52

smooth muscle

Front 53

muscul/o

my/o

Back 53

muscle

Front 54

rhabd/o

Back 54

rod-shaped

Front 55

rhabdomy/o

Back 55

rod-shaped muscle

Front 56

chondr/o

Back 56

cartilage

Front 57

fasci/o

Back 57

band, fascia,

Front 58

fibr/o

Back 58

fiber, fibrous tissue

Front 59

synov/o

Back 59

synovial membrane, synovial fluid

Front 60

ten/o

tend/o

tendin/o

Back 60

tendon

Front 61

-asthenia

Back 61

weakness, debility

Front 62

-clasia

-clast

Back 62

to break; surgical fracture

Front 63

-desis

Back 63

binding, fixation of a bone or joint

Front 64

-malacia

Back 64

softening

Front 65

-physis

Back 65

growth

Front 66

-porosis

Back 66

porous

Front 67

-sarcoma

Back 67

malignant tumor of connective tissue

Front 68

supra-

Back 68

above, excess, superior

Front 69

syn-

Back 69

union, together, join

Front 70

closed (simple) fracture

Back 70

one in which the bone is broken but no external wound exists

Front 71

open (compound) fracture

Back 71

involves a broken bone and an external wound that leads to the site of the fracture

Front 72

complicated fracture

Back 72

broken bone has injured an internal organ

Front 73

comminuted fracture

Back 73

bone has broken or splintered into pieces

Front 74

impacted fracture

Back 74

bone is broken and one end is wedge into the interior of another bone

Front 75

incomplete fracture

Back 75

the line of fracture does not completely transverse the entire bone

Front 76

greenstick fracture (incomplete fracture)

Back 76

when the broken bone does not extend through the entire thickness of the bone; one side is broken and one side is bent

Front 77

Colles fracture

Back 77

break at the lower end of the radius, occurs just above the wrist

Front 78

Hairline fracture

Back 78

minor fracture in which all portions of the bone are in perfect alignment

Front 79

osteomyelitis

Back 79

bone infection

Front 80

paget disease

Back 80

chronic inflammation of bones, resulting in thickening and softening of bones

Front 81

scoliosis

Back 81

caused by chronic poor posture during childhood while the vertebrae are still growing; abdnormal lateral curvature of the spine

Front 82

kyphosis

Back 82

humpback, abnormal curvature of the upper portion

Front 83

lordosis

Back 83

inward curvature of the spine in lower region; also called swayback

Front 84

arthritis

Back 84

inflammation of a joint