Medical Terminology

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Infectious disease

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caused by a certain harmful microorganisms and other parasites that live at the expense of another organism.

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Pathogen

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Any disease causing organism

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Degenerative disease

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from wear and tear, aging, or trauma that can result in a wound (lesion) and perhaps death of tissue (necrosis.

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Necrosis

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dealth of tissue

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Neoplasia

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abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissue.

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Immune disorder

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failures of the immune system, allergies and autoimmune disease, in which the body makes antibodies to its own tissues.

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Metabolic disorders

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lack of enzymes or other factors needed for cellular functions.

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Hormonal disorders

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underproduction, or overproduction of hormones or by inbility of hormones to function property.
Example: diabetes

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Mental and Emotional Disorders

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affect the mind and adaptation of an indivdual to his or her enviroment.

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sepsis

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the presence of harmful microorganisms or their toxins the body.

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Bateria's Three shapes

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Round, rod shaped or bacilli, curved, including vibrios and spirochetes.

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gram stained

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most common laboratory bacteria stain, with which gram positive orgamisms stain purple and gram negative organisms stain red.

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inflammation

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common response to infection and other forms of disease. When cells are injured they release chemicals that allow blood cells and fluids to move into the tissues.

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4 signs of inflammation

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heat, pain, redness, swelling.

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Suffix itis

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indicates inflammation

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phagocytosis

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the body uses phagocyosis to get rid of invading microorganisms, damaged cells and other types of harmful debris.

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mixture of pus

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the remains of phagocytosis consisting of fluid and white blood cells.

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Immunity

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refers to all our defenses against infectious diseases.

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adaptive immunity

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is what we acquire during life from exposure to disease organisms.

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neoplasim

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an abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissue, a tumor or growth.

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benign

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a neoplasm that does not spead of metastsize to other tissues, although it may cause damage to the site where it grows.

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Malignant

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a neplasia that metastasizes to other tissues and is commonly called cancer.

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carcinoma

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a malignant tumor that involves epithelial tissue.

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sarcoma

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a neoplasm that involves connective tissue or muscle.

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osteomalacia

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softening of a bone

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bacillus

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has a shape of a rod

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ascites

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accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

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xero

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a prefix that means dry

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sreptocci

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are bateria in chains

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uridynia

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pain of urination

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bronchiectasis

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is widening of the bronchus

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mycosis

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is caused by fungus

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edematous

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tissue that is swollen

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necrosis

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when tissue dies.

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hemorrhagic

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pertaining to profuse flow of blood

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neuroma

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tumor of the nerve

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encephalitis

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acute inflammation of the brain.

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adenocarcinoma

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cancer of the glandular tissue

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gastromegaly

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enlargement of the stomach

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analgesia

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absence of pain

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oncolysis

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destruction of a tumor

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ysis

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destroying, destruction, seperation, loosening, separation of substances by passage through (dia-) a membrane.

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lithiasis

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stone formation

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lith

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calculus, stone (lithiasis) stone formation.

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xerotic

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dry

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xero

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dry, dryness of the skin (xeroderma).

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apyrexia

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absence of a fever

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dysphagia

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difficulty in swallowing

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dys

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abnormal, painful, difficult.
Example: abnormal nouishment.

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troph/o

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of tissue

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pachyderma

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thickness of the skin

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pachy

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thick, abnormal thickness of the skull.

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dactyedema

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swelling of the finger and toes.

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edema

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accumulation of fluid, swelling.

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pyorrhea

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discharge of pus

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rhea

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flow, discharge

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carcinolysis

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destruction of cancer

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lysis

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separation, loosening, dissolving, destruction.

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hemostasis

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stoppage of blood flow

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stasis

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suppression, stoppage

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cytology

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study of cells

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drug

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is a substance that alters body function.

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anaphlaxis

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is an immediate and severe allergic reaction that may be caused by a drug.

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substance dependence

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drugs that act on the nervous system.

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generic name

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is usually a simple version of the chemical name for the drug and is not capitalized.

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trade name

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(brand name, proprietary name) is a register trademark of the manufacturer and is witen with an initial capital letter.

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(USP) united states pharmacapeia

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the standard ofr frug information.

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phytomedicine

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herbal medicine

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potentiation

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increased potency created by two drugs acting together.

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polypharmacy

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uses many different drugs

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IV bolus

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intravenously in rapid concentrated dose

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ativan is what type of drug

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anxiolytic

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diuretic

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pomoting excretion of water

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antiemetic

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agent that prevents vomitting

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vasomotor

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pertaining to vessel movement

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hyperpyrexia

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abnormal high body temperture

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potentiation

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combined drug action to greater effect