Medical Term Test 2 Chapter 4-

Front 1

pulmonology aka
pulmonary medicine

Back 1

concerned with diagnosis and treatment of diseases involving the structures of the lower respiratory tract, including lungs, their airways, and blood vessels and the chest wall.

Front 2

pulmonologists

Back 2

medical doctors who treat respiratory disorders

Front 3

respiratory system consists of:

Back 3

upper and lower respiratory tracts

Front 4

the upper respiratory tract of the respiratory system includes:

Back 4

nose, pharynx, larynx, and trachea

Front 5

the lower respiratory tract of the respiratory system includes:

Back 5

left and right bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, and lungs.

Front 6

main function of respiratory system?

Back 6

perform pulmonary ventilation of the body

Front 7

the respiratory system and cardiovascular system do what?
accomplished how?

Back 7

-transport oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the cells
-accomplished by exchanging o2 and CO2 btw env. air and the blood circulating through lungs

Front 8

what is the secondary function of the respiratory system? the primary being exchanging O2 from env. from CO2 from the blood.

Back 8

sec. function warming air as it passes into the body and assisting in speech (providing air for the larynx and vocal chords)

Front 9

take the time to label the parts of the respiratory system

Back 9

find in folder on computer

Front 10

adenoid/ectomy

Back 10

adenoid (relating to the adenoids)
ectomy (excision removal)

Front 11

laryng-

Back 11

larynx

Front 12

nas/o

Back 12

nose

Front 13

rhin/o

Back 13

nose

Front 14

rhinorrhea

Back 14

watery discharge from the nose
-commonly caused by allergy, could be by flow of cerebrospinal fluid from nose after an injury to head

Front 15

pharyng/o-

bonus
pharyngitis

Back 15

pharynx or throat

inflammation of the throat

Front 16

tonsill/o-

peritonsillar

Back 16

tonsils

peri=around
ar=pertaining to
pertaining to area around tonsils

Front 17

trache/o-

Back 17

trachea windpipe

Front 18

-stomy

Back 18

forming an opening mouth

Front 19

tracheostomy

Back 19

forming an opening in the trachea

Front 20

alveol/o

Back 20

alveolus (s) alveoli (p)

Front 21

bronchi/o- or bronchi-

Back 21

bronchus or bronchi

Front 22

bronchiectasis

Back 22

bronchi=more than one bronchus
ectasis= dilation expansion
dilation or expansion of bronchi

Front 23

bronchiol/o

Back 23

bronchiole

Front 24

pleur/o-

Back 24

pleura

Front 25

pneum/o-

pneumon/o

Back 25

air; lung

Front 26

pneumonia

Back 26

acute inflammation and infection of alveoli; which fill with pus or products of inflammatory rxn.
-ia:condition

Front 27

pulmon/o-

Back 27

lung

Front 28

thorac/o-

Back 28

chest

Front 29

-pathy

Back 29

disease

Front 30

-algia:
-dynia:

Back 30

pain
ex.:
pleuralgia, thoracodynia

Front 31

atel-

atelectasis:

Back 31

-incomplete

abnormal condition characterized by collapse of alveoli-prevents exchange of CO2 and O2 in part of the lungs

Front 32

-osis:

Back 32

abnormal cond; increase (when talking about blood)

Front 33

-osmia:

-anosmia

Back 33

smell

-loss or impairment of sense of smell

Front 34

-oxia:
hypoxia

Back 34

oxygen

hypo-under deficient; oxia-oxygen
abnormally low level of oxygen at the cellular level

Front 35

-phagia

>aerophagia:

Back 35

swallowing eating

swallowing air
(common in babies)

Front 36

-pnea:

apnea:

Back 36

breathing

not breathing, temporary

Front 37

-spasm:

Back 37

involuntary contraction, twitching

Front 38

pharyngospasm

Back 38

spasm of the muscles in the pharynx

Front 39

py-

Back 39

pus

Front 40

pyothorax

Back 40

accumulation of pus in the thorax

Front 41

another word for nostrils:

Back 41

nares

Front 42

nas/o/gastric:

Back 42

refers to the nose and stomach

Front 43

catheter

Back 43

hollow, flexible tube inserted into a vessel or body cavity
to withdraw or instill fluids into said cavity or vessel

Front 44

your pharynx, is your

Back 44

throat

Front 45

pharyngeal suction catheter

Back 45

rigid tube used to suction pharynx when physician performing visual exam

Front 46

CF's for nose are
difference? which used when talking of surgery?

Back 46

rhin/o- and nas/o
rhino

Front 47

para-

Back 47

means near, beside, beyond

Front 48

paranasal sinuses are

Back 48

hollow spaces within skull that open into the nasal cavities
lined with ciliated epithelium continuous with mucosa and nasal cavities

Front 49

surgical repair of the nose

Back 49

rhinoplasty

Front 50

incision of the nose

Back 50

rhinotomy

Front 51

nose bleed
vs.
just discharge from nose or runny nose

Back 51

rhinorrhagia
vs.
rhinorrhea

Front 52

inflammation of nose:

specialist of nose

Back 52

rhinitis

rhinologist

Front 53

air enters nose and passes through the

Back 53

naval cavity

Front 54

what in the nasal cavity catches particles

Back 54

fine hairs

Front 55

aerohydrotherapy

Back 55

combining air and water to treat a patient

Front 56

after air passes through the nasal cavity it will reach the?

Back 56

pharynx or throat

Front 57

pharyngomycosis identify word parts and meaning

Back 57

pharyng-pharynx or throat
myc-fungus
osis-abnormal condition
aka fungal diseasae of the pharynx

Front 58

-plegia

Back 58

paralysis

Front 59

pharyngoplegia

Back 59

paralysis of muscles of the pharynx

Front 60

CA abbreviation for

Back 60

cancer

Front 61

-plasty:
-tomy:
-tome:-

Back 61

surgical repair
incision
instrument to cut

Front 62

-cele:

Back 62

hernia, swelling of

Front 63

pharyngocele

Back 63

hernia or swelling of pharynx

Front 64

-stenosis
pharyngostenosis

Back 64

stricture or narrowing of
narrowing or stricture of the pharynx

Front 65

what is responsible for sound production and allows speech?

Back 65

Larynx

Front 66

laryng-

Back 66

larynx

Front 67

excision removal of all or parts of the larynx

Back 67

laryngectomy

Front 68

narrowing or stricture of the larynx

Back 68

laryngostenosis

Front 69

laryngitis

Back 69

inflammation of the larynx

Front 70

remember when defining medical words the order to read it is:

Back 70

1)suffix
2) beginning
3)then middle

Front 71

function of the epiglottis

Back 71

located in superior region of the larynx
-made of cartilage
closes so food and liquid directed into esophagus
supposed to only allow air through, if more goes through automatic coughing ensues

Front 72

trachea windpipe is

Back 72

cylindrical tube composed of smooth muscle embedded with a series of 16 to 20 C shaped rings of cartilage.
Trachea extends down into thoracic cavity where it divides into the right and left primary bronchi
-each bronchus enters a lung and continues to subdivide into increasingly finer, smaller branches known as bronchioles

Front 73

purpose of cartilage around trachea

Back 73

provides rigidity to keep air passage open at all times

Front 74

word root for cartilage

Back 74

chondr

Front 75

chondroplasty
chondropathy
chondroma

Back 75

surgical repair of cartilage
disease of cartilage
tumor of cartilage

Front 76

on way to lungs air passes from _____ to ____ or windpipe

Back 76

larynx to trachea

Front 77

when tracheal obstruction of block need to perform a

Back 77

tracheostomy
gain access below blockage

Front 78

-MALACIA

Back 78

softening

Front 79

tracheomalacia

Back 79

softening of the trachea

Front 80

tomy v. stomy

Back 80

tomy=incision
stomy=form an opening or mouth

Front 81

bronchus is _______
bronchi is _____

Back 81

singular
plural

Front 82

bronchospasm

Back 82

wheezing caused by bronchial spasms

Front 83

BRONCHI/ECTASIS

Back 83

chronic dilation of bronchu
chronic pneumonia or flu may cause

Front 84

bronchostenosis
bronchitis

Back 84

stricture of bronchi
inflammation of bronchi

Front 85

primary bronchus is structurally similar to the _____, however as subdivide into finer branches amount of _____ in wall decreases and finally appears bronchioles

Back 85

trachea, cartilage

Front 86

With movement away from trachea to finer division of bronchioles, as cartilage decreases a _________ becomes more prominent.

Back 86

layer of smooth muscle surrounding tube becomes more prominent.

Front 87

why are the walls of bronchioles made of smooth muscles?

Back 87

designed to constrict or dilate airways to maintain unobstructed pathways

Front 88

bronchioles eventually distribute air to the

Back 88

alveoli- small cluster of grapelike sair sacs of lungs

Front 89

each alveolus surrounded by microscopic

Back 89

pulmonary capillaries.

Front 90

Allveoli walls are ____ to permit ____. Done so by:

Back 90

thin; gas exchange
Blood passing through capillaries accepts O2 from alveolus, while deposing COS into alveolus

Front 91

erythrocytes:

Back 91

red blood cells

Front 92

what carries all oxygen to all parts of the body and carries CO2 to the lungs?

Back 92

red blood cells or erythrocytes

Front 93

process of gas exchange btw atmosphere and cells called

Back 93

respiration

Front 94

two phases of respiration:

Back 94

external: each time we inhale-results in gas exchange btw air filled chambers of lungs and blood
internal: exchange of gases btw blood and tissue cells
O2 brought into lungs through inhaling, exchanged for CO2 which travels through the blood to the alveoli and is then exhaled

Front 95

pneumonitis

Back 95

inflammation of the lung

Front 96

pneumonia is the ______ leading cause of death in usa

Back 96

fifth

Front 97

pneumonectomy

Back 97

excision of a lung
part or whole of lung removed

Front 98

pneumonocele

Back 98

herniation of the lung

Front 99

-osis

Back 99

abnormal condition

Front 100

pneumonosis:
pneumopathy:
pneumonectomy:

Back 100

abnormal cond. of lung
disease of the lu g
excision of a lung

Front 101

-centesis:
-pneumocentesis:

Back 101

surgical puncture
-surgical puncture to aspirate the lungs

Front 102

lung abscesses that may be caused by pneumonia may require

Back 102

pneumocentesis

Front 103

pneumonomelanosis

Back 103

abnormal cond (osis) of black lung by inhaling black dust
also called pneumoconiosis

Front 104

right lung has ____ lobes
left lung has ___ lobes

Back 104

right=3
left=2

Front 105

lobectomy

Back 105

excision or removal of a lobe in the lung

Front 106

lob/

Back 106

lobe

Front 107

incision of a lobe

Back 107

lobotomy

Front 108

double folded membrane that encloses the lung

Back 108

pleura

Front 109

pain in the pleura

Back 109

pleurodynia or pleuralgia

Front 110

pleuropneumonia

Back 110

pleurisy (inflammation of pleura) complicated with pneumonia

Front 111

pleurisy and pleuritis
pleurocele

Back 111

inflammation of pleura
hernia or swelling of pleura

Front 112

brady-

Back 112

prefix meaning slow

Front 113

dys-

Back 113

bad; painful; difficult

Front 114

eu-

Back 114

good, normal

Front 115

tachy-

Back 115

rapid

Front 116

-pnea

Back 116

breathing

Front 117

What is OSA and what is treatmeant

Back 117

Obstructive sleep apnea
may be due to enlarged tonsils obstructing air
can be treated with:
continuous positive airway pressure CPAP machine

Front 118

painful or difficult breathing>

normal breathing is

rapid breathing

Back 118

>dyspnea

eupnea

tachypnea

Front 119

OSA most likely to occur in

Back 119

middle aged obese men who snore

Front 120

patient with pleurisy (inflammation of the pleura) may also have _____ which can also be from exercise

Back 120

dyspnea-difficult or painful breathing

Front 121

to remove fluid from thoracic cavity may perform

Back 121

thoracocentesis
could be result of pneumonia or cancer

Front 122

diaphram

Back 122

muscular partition that separates lungs from abdominal cavvity and aids with breathing

Front 123

phren/o- can refer to two things

Back 123

diaphram or mind

Front 124

phrenology
v.
phrenoptosis

Back 124

study of mind
v.
prolapse or downward displacement of the diaphram

Front 125

phrenospasm

Back 125

involuntary contraction of diaphram

Front 126

inspiration or inhalation
v.
expiration or exhalation

Back 126

into lungs
v.
out of the lungs

Front 127

during inhalation, the ________ & __________ contract

Back 127

diaphram & intercostal muscles

Front 128

muscles between adjacent ribs

Back 128

intercostal muscles

Front 129

during inhalation the diaphram
during exhalation

Back 129

descends
ascends

Front 130

fear of blood

Back 130

hemophobia

Front 131

muc/o
vs.
myc/o

Back 131

mucus
v.
fungus

Front 132

CHronic bronchitis

Back 132

persistent inflammation of bronchi
could be caused by smoking
can result in expectoration of mucus, sputum or fluids

Front 133

larynx hold vocal cords, when become inflamed get

Back 133

laringitis

Front 134

pneumonia can be caused by bacteria, virus, chemical irritants
if only affects a lobe called:
if lungs and bronchioles

Back 134

lobar pneumonia
bronchopneumonia

Front 135

small or minute

Back 135

-oles

Front 136

pneumocystis pneumonia PCP

Back 136

often associated w/ compromised immune syastem
like AIDS
-caused by fungus- in or on normal flora, fungus becomes aggressive pathogen

Front 137

AIDS

Back 137

accquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Front 138

emphys/o-
-ema
>emphysema:

Back 138

means to inflate
state of
>chronic disease characterized by overexpansion and destruction of alveoli common with smokers
>destr. of alveoli

Front 139

What is COPD?

Back 139

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
group of resp. disorders
characterized by chronic, partial obstrunction of broonchi and lungs.
3 major
1. asthma 2. chronic bronchitis 3. emphysema

Front 140

metastasize or metastasis:

Back 140

CA spread to other parts of the body

Front 141

TB

Back 141

tuberculosis
infections disease
produces small lesions or tubercules in lungs
if untreated, infects bones and organs
increase in related to aids

Front 142

orth/o

Back 142

straight

Front 143

>ABG's
>AIDS
>ARDS:

Back 143

>arterial blood gases
>acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome
>acute respiratory distress syndrome

Front 144

>CA:
>CF:
>COPD

Back 144

>cancer, chronological age, cardiac arrest
>Cystic fibrosis
>chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Front 145

>CPAP:
>CPR
>DPT:

Back 145

>continuous positive airway pressure
>cardiopulmonary resuscitation
>diphtheria, pertussis, tenus

Front 146

FEV1:
FVC:
HF

Back 146

forced expiratory volume in one second
forced vital capacity
Heart failure

Front 147

HMD
IPPB:
IRDS

Back 147

hyaline membrane disease
intermittent positive pressure breathing
infant respiratory distress syndrome

Front 148

NMT:
PFT
PND

Back 148

neubulized mist treatment
pulmonary function test
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Front 149

RD:
SIDS:
SOB:

Back 149

respiratory disease
Sudden infant death syndrome
shortness of breath

Front 150

URI
VC

Back 150

upper resp. infection
vital capacity.

Front 151

abnormal breathing sounds (abs)

Back 151

heard during breathing

Front 152

crackles:
(abs)

Back 152

crackle or bubble
when fluid in alveoli, rales

Front 153

friction rub
abs

Back 153

dry grating sound heard with stethoscope- may indicate lung disease

Front 154

rhonchi
(abs0

Back 154

loud, coarse or snoring sounds during breathing mean obstructed airways

Front 155

stridor
(abs)

Back 155

high pitch musical sound when breath
characteristic of croup

Front 156

wheezes
(abs)

Back 156

continuous high pitch whisteling
asthmaay, croup, hay fever, emphysema

Front 157

acidosis:

Back 157

excessive acidity of blood due to accumulation of acids of excess bicarbonate
when high levels CO2

Front 158

ARDS

Back 158

acute respiratory distress syndrome
resp. insufficiency marked by progressive hypoxia
sere inflammatory damage to alveolar cap membrane, alveoli fills w/ fluid inhibits gas exchange

Front 159

anoxia:

Back 159

total absenceof oxygen in body tissue

Front 160

atelectasis

Back 160

collapse of lung tissue, preventing resp. exchange of O2 and CO2

>atel: incomplete-imperfect
>ectasis:dilation expansion

Front 161

coryza

Back 161

accute inflammation of nasal passagess accompanied by profuse nasal discharge
a cold

Front 162

croup

Back 162

acute resp. syndrome. primarily in kids & infants
laryngeal obstruction and spasm, braking cough and stridor

Front 163

cystic fibrosis

Back 163

cyst-bladder
fibr-fiber, fibrous tissue
genetic disease of exocrine glands- secrete excessive thick mucus that does not drain normally. causes obstruction of passageways
(including pancreatic and bile ducts and bronchi)

Front 164

empyema

Back 164

pus in body cavity especially in pleural cavity

Front 165

epiglottitis

Back 165

when acute severe, life threatening infection of epiglottis and surrounding area
often in kids
sudden onset fever, stridor, respirator distress

Front 166

epistaxis

Back 166

hemorrhage from nose or nose bleed

Front 167

hypoxemia

Back 167

deficiency of oxygen in blood, usually bc of respiratory impairment

Front 168

hypoxia

Back 168

deficiency of O2 in tissues-can result in cyanosis

Front 169

influenza

Back 169

acute, contagious, sudden onset fever, chills, headache, muscle pain

Front 170

lung cancer

Back 170

pulmonary maligancy associated with cigarette smoking:
survival rates low late detection and fast metastasis

Front 171

pertussis

Back 171

acute infectious characterized by whoop sounding couph
also called whooping cough

Front 172

pleural effusion

Back 172

abnormal presence of fluid in pleural cavity.
fluid may contain blood (hemothorax) , serum (hydrothorax), or pus (pyrothorax)

Front 173

pneumothorax

Back 173

collection of air in pleural cavity, causing the complete or partial collapse of lung.

Front 174

SIDS

Back 174

sudden infant death syndrome
completely unexpected and unexplained death of apparently well infant

Front 175

ABG

Back 175

arterial blood gas
measurement of oxygen and CO2 content of arterial blood by various methods.

Front 176

bronchoscopy

Back 176

visual exam of interior bronchi using bronchoscope, flexible fiberoptic instrument with a light, can be inserted into nose or mouth
may be performed to remove obstruction, biopsy, observe

Front 177

chest x ray

Back 177

radiograph of chest taken from anteroposterio AP and posteroanterior PA or lateral projections
looks for tumors, sees pneumonia, emphysema,

Front 178

Pulmonary function tests

Back 178

Variety of tests to determine the capacity of the lungs to exchange oxygen and CO2 efficiency

Front 179

FVC

Back 179

type of pulmonary functions test
forced vital capacity:
measurement of amt. of air that can be forcefully exhaled from lungs after deepest inhalation

Front 180

FEV1:

Back 180

forced expiratory volume in one second
measurement of the volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled during first second of measuring the FVC

Front 181

spirometry

Back 181

measurement of FVC & FEV1 producing a tracing on a graph
measures breathing capacity of lungs

Front 182

postural drainage

Back 182

use of body positioning to assist in removal of secretions from specific loves of the lung, bronchi, or lung cavities.

Front 183

bronchodilators

Back 183

drugs used to increase airflow by dilating consticted airways through relaxation of smooth muscles that surround bronchioles and bronchi
-used to treat asthma, emphysema, COPD

Front 184

corticosteroids

Back 184

hormonal agents that reduce tissue edema and inflammation associated with chronic lung disease

Front 185

nebulized mist treatment

Back 185

therapy that uses a device to produce a fine spray (nebulizer) that delivers medication directly into lungs

Front 186

COPD

Back 186

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD a group of rep. disorders characterized by a chronic, partial obstruction of the brochi and lungs

Front 187

TUBERCLES

Back 187

SMALL LESIONS IN THE LUNG WHEN THERES tuberculosis

Front 188

pertussis

Back 188

acute infections disease with whoop sounding couph
whooping couph