Medical Term Chapter 3

Front 1

Cost/o

Back 1

Rib

Front 2

Crani/o

Back 2

Skull

Front 3

-desis

Back 3

To bind, tie together

Front 4

Kyph/o

Back 4

Bent, hump

Front 5

Lord/o

Back 5

Curve, swayback, bent

Front 6

-lysis

Back 6

Loosening or setting free

Front 7

Myle/o

Back 7

Spinal cord, bone marrow

Front 8

Oss/e, oss/i, ost/o, oste/o

Back 8

Bone

Front 9

Scoli/o

Back 9

Curved, bent

Front 10

Spondyl/o

Back 10

Vertebrae, vertebral column, backbone

Front 11

-um

Back 11

Singular noun ending

Front 12

Synovi/o, synov/o

Back 12

Synovial membrane, synovial fluid

Front 13

Ossification

Back 13

Baby's skeleton begins as fragile membranes and cartilage, after 3 months it starts turning into bone , which continues through adolescence

Front 14

Osteoclasts

Back 14

After adolescence growth (ossification), this process of new bone continues and breaks down old or damaged bone

Front 15

Osteoblasts

Back 15

Help rebuild the bone (after osteoclasts breaks down old or damaged bones)

Front 16

Periosteum (pehr-ee-OSS-tee-um)

Back 16

tough, fibrous tissue that forms the outermost covering of bone

Front 17

Compact bone

Back 17

known as "cortical bone", is the dense, hard, and very strong bone that forms the protective outer layer of bones

Front 18

Spongy bone

Back 18

Known as "cancellous bone", lighter and not as strong as compact bone. Commonly found in the ends and inner portions of long bones such as the femur. Red bone marrow is located within this spongy bone.

Front 19

Medulla cavity (MED-you-lehr-ee)

Back 19

Central cavity located in the shafts of long bones where it is surrounded by compact bone.. here is where red and yellow bone marrow are stored.. medulla means pertaining to the inner section

Front 20

Endosteum (en-DOS-tee-um)

Back 20

The tissue that lines the medulla cavity

Front 21

Red bone marrow

Back 21

Located within the spongy bone, is a hemopoietic tissue that manufactures red blood cells, hemoglobin, white blood cells, and thrombocytes

Front 22

Hemopoietic (hee-moh-poy-ET-ick)

Back 22

Pertaining to the formation of blood cells.. also spelled hematopoietic

Front 23

Yellow bone marrow

Back 23

Functions as a fat storage area. It is composed chiefly of fat cells and is located in the medullary cavity of long bones...

Front 24

Cartilage

Back 24

Smooth, rubbery, blue white connective tissue that acts as a shock absorber between bones. Also more elastic than bone, also makes up flexible parts of the skeleton such as the outer ear and the tip of the nose

Front 25

Articular cartilage

Back 25

Covers the surfaces of bones where they come together to for joints, makes smooth joint movement possible and protects the bones from rubbing against each other

Front 26

Meniscus (meh-NIS-kus)

Back 26

Curved fibrous cartilage found in some joints, such as the knee and the temporomandibular joint of the jaw

Front 27

Diaphysis (dye-AF-ih-sis)

Back 27

Shafts of a long bone

Front 28

Epiphyses (ep-PIF-ih-seez)

Back 28

Wider ends of long bones such as the femur of the legs. Also covered with articular cartilage to protect it

Front 29

Proximal epiphysis

Back 29

End of the bone located nearest to the midline of the body

Front 30

Distal epiphysis

Back 30

End of the bone located farthest away from the midline of the body

Front 31

Foramen (foh-RAY-men)

Back 31

Opening in a bone through which blood vessels, nerves, ligaments pass

Front 32

Process

Back 32

Normal projection on the surface of a bone that most commonly serves as an attachment for a muscle or tendon

Front 33

Joints

Back 33

Known as "articulations", are the place of union between two or more bones. Joints are classified either according to their construction or based on the degree of movement they allow.