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237 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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acous/acouso-
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hearing
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aden/adeno-
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gland
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adip/adipo-
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fat
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alge/algesi-
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pain
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arteri/arterio-
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artery
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arth/arthro
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joint,articulation
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-ase
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enzyme
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bacteri/bacterio
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bacteria
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blast/blasto-
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germ
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bleph/blepharo
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eyelid
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brachi/brachio-
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arm
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bronch/bronchi-
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bronchus/lungs
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bucc/bucco-
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cheek
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carcin/carcino-
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cancer
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cardi/cardio-
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heart
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cephal/cephalo-
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head
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chem/chemo-
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chemistry/drug
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chol-
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bile
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chondria/chondro
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cartilage
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col/colo/colono-
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colon
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costo
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ribs
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crani/cranio-
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skull
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cyst/cysti/cysto-
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bladder
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cyt/cyto-
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cell
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-cyte
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cell
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derm/derma
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skin
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gloss/glosso
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tongue
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gnath/gnatho
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jaw
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Abduction
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Movement of a limb away from the midline of the body
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Adduction
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Movement of a limb towards the midline of the body
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Ablate
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To remove (ablate a tumor)
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Abscess
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A local accumulation of pus anywhere in the body
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Acquired
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Anything not present at birth but develops later in life
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Acute
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Of abrupt onset, in need of urgent care
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Adenoma
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A benign tumor that arises in or resembles glandular Tissue
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Aerobic/Anaerobic
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With oxygen/ without oxygen
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Afferent
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Carrying towards
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Agenesis
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Lack of development of something (agenesis of a toe would mean that the toe didn't grow in)
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Agonist
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A drug that binds to a receptor and triggers a response. An agonist produces an action. It is the opposite of an antagonist which acts against and blocks an
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Anaphylaxis
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Allergic reaction
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Alveoli
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Tiny air sacs in the lungs. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place in the alveoli which look like cells in a honeycomb.
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Amenorrhea
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Abscence of cessation of mentruation (pregnancy is likely)
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Analgesia
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Inability to feel pain while still conscious
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Androgen
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A male sex hormone, the main androgen is testosterone
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Anemia
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Having less than the normal number of red blood cells or less than the normal quantity of hemoglobin in the blood. The oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is, therefore, decreased.
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Anergy
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A state of immune unresponsiveness. Induced when the T cell's antigen receptor is stimulated, effectively freezing T cell responses
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Aneurysm
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A localized widening (dilatation) of an artery, vein, or the heart.
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Angina
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Chest pain due to an inadequate supply of oxygen to the heart muscle. The chest pain of angina is typically severe and crushing.
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Antegrade/Anterograde
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Moving forward as in blood flow, or memory
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Antibiotic
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A drug used to treat infections caused by bacteria and other microorganisms.
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Antibody
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-Immunoglobulin (protein)
-produced w/presence of antigen -combines w/antigen -Production carried out by B Cell Lymphocytes (WBC) and are very important to the immune system |
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Antigen
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A substance that is capable of causing the production of an antibody
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Anticoagulant
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Blood thinner
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Antiseptic
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Something that discourages the growth of microorganisms.
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Apnea
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Period of time when breathing is stopped or markedly reduced (sleep apnea)
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Arrhythmia
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Abnorma Heart Beat
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Atrophy
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Wasting away or diminution. Muscle atrophy is wasting of muscle, decrease in muscle mass.
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Cistodes
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Tapeworms
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B Cell
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A type of white blood cell and, specifically, a type of lymphocyte. Mature in bone marrow
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Babinski Reflex
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An important neurologic test based upon what the big toe does when the sole of the foot is stimulated. If the big toe goes up, that may mean trouble. activated by CNS
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Bacteremia
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The presence of live bacteria in the bloodstream. Bacteremia is analogous to viremia (the presence of a virus in the blood) and parasitemia (the presence of a parasite in the blood).
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Bariatrics
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form of medicine concerned with weight loss
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Barium
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Chalky substances drank by patients to show up in x-rays
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Baskerville Effect
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A fatal heart attack triggered by extreme psychological stress.
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toc-
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having to do with childbirth
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pneumo-
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related to lungs
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phlebo-
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related to veins
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oto-
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ear
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osteo
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bones
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onycho-
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nails
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oligo-
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means few
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neo-
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meaning new,young, fresh
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melan-
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meaning dark or black
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macro-/mega-
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large or long
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Micro-
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small
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litho-
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stone
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levo-
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left side
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leuko-
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white
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hypo-
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low
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hyper-
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means high
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homo-
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the same
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hetero-
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means different
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dextro-
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on the right side
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brady-
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slow
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bucc/bucco-
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cheek
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carcin/carcino
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cancer
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cata-
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down
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cyt/cyto-
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cell
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dactyl-
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digit
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erythr/erythro-
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red
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eu-
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good/well
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gloss/glosso-
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tongue
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glott/glotto-
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opening
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hepat/hepato-
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liver
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hidr/hidro-
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sweat
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hist/histo-
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tissue
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hydr/hydro-
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water
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hypo-
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below normal
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hyper-
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above normal
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hyster/hystero-
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uterus
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infra-
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below
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-ismus
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spasm/contraction
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-itis
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inflammation
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-ium
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structure/tissue
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Karyo-
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nucleus
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kerat/kerato-
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cornea
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lacrim/lacrimo-
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tear
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laryng/laryngo-
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larynx
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-lepsis/lepsy
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seizure
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leuk/leuko-
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white
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lip/lipo-
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fat
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mast/masto-
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breast
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melan/melano-
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black
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mes/meso-
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middle
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mening-
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meninges
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meta-
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after/behind
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muscul/myo-
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muscle
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myc/myco-
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fungus
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myel/myelo-
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bone marrow/spinal chord
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neph/nephro-
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kidney
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neur/neuro-
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nerve
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occulo-
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eye
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odont/odonto-
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teeth
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olig/oligo-
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few/little
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-oma
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tumor
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orth/ortho-
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straight/normal/correct
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osseo/ossi/ost/osteo-
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bone
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-penia
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deficiency
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phago-/-phagy/-phage
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eating, devouring
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-phil/-philia
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attraction for
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phelb/phlebo-
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vein
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phon/phono-
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sound
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phren/phreni-
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diaphragm
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-plasia
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formation/development
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pleur/pleuro-
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rib
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pneum/pneuma-
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lung/air
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pod/podo-
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foot
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proct/procto-
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anus/rectum
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rachi/rachio-
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spine
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ren/reno-
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kidney
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retro-
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backward/behind
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rhin/rhino-
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nose
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-rrhage
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burst forth
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rrhagia-
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discharge
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-rrhea
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flowing
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-rrhexis
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rupturing
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sarco-
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muscular/fleshlike
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scler/sclero-
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hardness
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scoli/scolio-
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twisted
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sial/sialo-
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saliva
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somat/somato-
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body/bodily
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splen/spleno-
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spleen
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spondyl/spondylo-
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vertebra
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-stasis
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stop/stand
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steno-
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narrowness/constriction
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stom/stoma/stomat-
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mouth
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-stomy
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creat an opening
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thorac/thorac-
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chest
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thromb/thrombo-
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blood clot
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toco-
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childbirth
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-tony
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tension
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tox/toxo-
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toxin/poison
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trich/tricho-
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hair/hairlike structure
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vas/vaso-
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duct/blood vessel
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vasculo-
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blood vessel
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Benign
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Not cancer. Not malignant. A benign tumor does not invade surrounding tissue or spread to other parts of the body.
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Beriberi
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A syndrome characterized by inflammation of multiple nerves (polyneuritis), heart disease (cardiopathy), and edema (swelling) due to a deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B1) in the diet.
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Beta Cell
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A type of cell in the pancreas that makes insulin.
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Bilateral
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Having, or relating to, two sides
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Bile
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A yellow-green fluid that is made by the liver, stored in the gallbladder and passes through the common bile duct into the duodenum where it helps digest fat. The principal components of bile are cholesterol, bile salts, and the pigment bilirubin.
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Atresia
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Absence of a normal opening or failure of a structure to be tubular.
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Biliary Atresia
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Congenital absence or closure of the major bile ducts, the ducts that drain bile from the liver.
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Cirrhosis
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An abnormal liver condition characterized by irreversible scarring of the liver. Alcohol and viral hepatitis B and C are among the many causes of cirrhosis. Cirrhosis can cause yellowing of the skin
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Jaundice
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Sign that the liver is failing. Not a disease but rather a sign that can occur in many different diseases. Jaundice is the yellowish staining of the skin and sclerae (the whites of the eyes) that is caused by high levels in blood of the chemical bilirubin.
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Biopsy
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The removal of a sample of tissue for purposes of diagnosis (check for cancer etc.)
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Blastocyst
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A thin-walled hollow structure in early embryonic development that contains a cluster of cells called the inner cell mass from which the embryo arises.
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Blastoma
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A tumor thought to arise in embryonic tissue.
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Beta Blockers
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A class of drugs that block beta-adrenergic substances such as adrenaline (epinephrine), a key agent in the "sympathetic" portion of the autonomic (involuntary) nervous system.
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Boil
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A skin abscess, a collection of pus localized deep in the skin. A boil usually starts as a reddened, tender area and in time becomes firm and hard.
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Botox
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It acts by blocking the transmission of nerve impulses to muscles and so paralyzing the muscles
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Brachycephaly
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A short head, one that is short in diameter from front to back. Frequent feature of syndromes of congenital malformation (birth defect complexes) including Down syndrome (trisomy 21).
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Brachydactyly
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Short Stubby Fingers.Frequent feature of syndromes of congenital malformation (birth defect complexes) including Down syndrome (trisomy 21).
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Bradycardia
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A slow heart rate, usually defined as less than 60 beats per minute.
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Bradykinesia
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Slowed ability to start and continue movements, and impaired ability to adjust the body's position. Can be a symptom of neurological disorders, particularly Parkinson's disease, or a side effect of medications.
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Brady-
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slow
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Brachy-
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short
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-phrenia
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mental disorder (mind)
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apnea
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Temporary absence or cessation of breathing
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Boil
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A skin abscess, a collection of pus localized deep in the skin. A boil usually starts as a reddened, tender area and in time becomes firm and hard.
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Botox
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It acts by blocking the transmission of nerve impulses to muscles and so paralyzing the muscles
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Bunion
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A localized painful swelling at the base of the big toe (the great toe). The joint is enlarged (due to new bone formation) and the toe is often misaligned.
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Bypass
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An operation in which a surgeon creates a new tubular pathway for the movement of fluids and/or other substances in the body.
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Cachectic
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Having cachexia, physical wasting with loss of weight and muscle mass due to disease. Patients with advanced cancer, AIDS, and some other major chronic progressive diseases may appear cachectic.
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Cadaver
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A dead human body that may be used by physicians and other scientists to study anatomy..
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chronic
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repeated and longstanding symptom or disorder
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bursa
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A thin fluid-filled sac that reduces friction forces between tissues of the body.
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Calcified Granuloma
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A granuloma containing calcium deposits. Since it usually takes some time for calcium to be deposited in a granuloma, it is generally assumed that a calcified granuloma is an old granuloma.
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Granuloma
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One of a number of forms of localized nodular inflammation found in tissues. The fact that a granuloma is localized is important.
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Cardiac Arrest
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A medical emergency with absent or inadequate contraction of the left ventricle of the heart that immediately causes bodywide circulatory failure. The signs and symptoms include loss of consciousness; rapid shallow breathing progressing to apnea
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Alopecia
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Hair Loss
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Amenorrhea
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Missed Menstrual Period
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Arthralgia
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Joint Pain
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Hyperventilation
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Breathlessness
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Cephalgia
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Headache
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Coccydynia
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Inflammation of the bony area (tailbone or coccyx) located between the buttocks is referred to as coccydynia.
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Conjunctivitis
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(Pinkeye) the redness or irritation of the membranes (conjunctivae) on the inner part of the eyelids and the membranes covering the whites of the eyes.
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Contusion
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Another name for a bruise. Caused when blood vessels are damaged or broken as the result of a blow to the skin
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Dermatitis
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Rash
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Dysuria
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Burning urine
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Dyspepsia
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"indigestion" symptoms of upper abdominal pain (above the navel), belching, nausea (with or without vomiting), abdominal bloating etc..
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Dyspareunia
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Pain in the vagina or the female external genital organs (the vulva, which includes the labia, clitoris, and entrance to the vagina) most commonly is a result of infection.
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Dysmenorrhea
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Menstrual cramps are the cramping in the lower abdomen, usually in the first or second day of the menstrual cycle.
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Dry Heaves
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Nausea- the sensation that there is a need to vomit. Nausea can be acute and short-lived, or it can be prolonged.
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Eczema
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Rash
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Ecchymosis
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Easy Bruising
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Edema
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Leg Swelling
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Epistaxis
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Bloody Nose
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Exanthem
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a widespread rash, usually of viral origin, and usually occurring in children. It represents either a reaction to a toxin produced by the organism, damage to the skin by the organism or an immune response
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Erythema
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An abnormal redness of the skin caused by capillary congestion. It is one of the cardinal signs of inflammation.
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Hematuria
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Blood in urine
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Hematospermia
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Blood in sperm
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Hematemesis
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Blood in vomit
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Palpitation
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An awareness of the beating of the heart. Palpitations may be brought on by overexertion, adrenaline, alcohol, disease (such as hyperthyroidism) or drugs, or as a symptom of panic disorder.
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Urinary Incontinence
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The unintentional loss of urine. Incontinence results from an inability to hold urine in the bladder
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Icterus
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Jaundice
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Impotence
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Common problem among men characterized by the consistent inability to sustain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse or the inability to achieve ejaculation, or both.
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Menorrhea
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Vaginal Bleeding
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Opthalmalgia
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Eye Pain
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Paresthesia
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Numbness
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Pharyngitis
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Sore Throat
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Pleurisy
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Inflammation of the linings around the lungs (the pleura). Characterized by pain in the chest with breathing.
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Pruritis
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Itch
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Pyrosis
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Heartburn/indigestion
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Hyperventilation
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Overbreathing. Can cause dizziness, lightheadedness, etc.
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Tinnitus
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Ringing in the ears, often accompanied by hearing loss.
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Tussis
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Cough
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Veritgo
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Dizziness, a spinning sensation.
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