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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The __________ is the "head ganglion" of the Autonomic nervous system
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Hypothalmus
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What are the three principal connections of the Hypothalmus with the lower autonomic centers?
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Dorsal longitudinal fasciculus, Mammilotegmental tract, Medial forebrain bundle
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ANS fibers enter the gut via the __________
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mesentery
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What are the signs of Horner's syndrome? What causes it?
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Ptosis, anhydrosis, miosis; Lesions to the dorsal longitudinal fasciculus in the brainstem, sympathetic chain, or carotid aneurysm
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How would you tell if a Horner's sydrome lesion is above or below the superior cervical ganglion?
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Above = anhydrosis of the supraorbital region; Below = anhydrosis of supraorbital + lower face
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What is the micturation reflex path in infants?
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Bladder stretch signals ascend -> synapse in PAG -> PAG signals descend -> synapse in Pontine Micturation Center -> PMC signals descend -> Inhibit Sympathetics, Facilitate Parasympathetics -> Wee Wee Time
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In an adult, what is the primary area for reconciling the micturation reflex with voluntary control?
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PAG (periaqueductal gray)
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What must be inhibited for voluntary urination?
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L-Region -> Nucleus of Onuf
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How would sacral lesions affect micturation?
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sympathetics that cause constriction of the sphincter and bladder would be overdriven (require use of self-catheterization or urinal)
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How would cervical lesions affect micturation?
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reflex micturation could occur, also possibility of spasmodic sphincter leading to incomplete emptying (requires self-catheterization)
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What is the result of supramesencephalic lesions in regards to micturation?
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severs voluntary control, feeling of urgency with an empty bladder
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What do prefrontal lobe lesions do in regards to micturation?
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Remove the desire to control micturation
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Hormones synthesized in the Hypothalmus are carried to the ______________
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neurohypophysis
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What neuro-endocrine reflex is triggered during nursing and labor?
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oxytocin release
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What is the plasma osmolarity sensor? What does cause the release of?
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Organum Vasculosum, ADH
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What is the Angiotensin II sensor? What does it trigger the release of?
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Subfornical Organ, ADH
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___________ releases hormones into the bloodstream after receiving releasing factors from the parvocellular neurons
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adenohypophysis
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What structure is thought to be involved in memory consolidation?
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hippocampal formation
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The _____________ complex is essential for fear response and is associated with PTSD
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amygdaloid
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