Medical Microbiology Exam 1 Usacom

Front 1

What is a product of mixed acid fermentation that in some, but not all, bacteria may be split to two gas molecules?

Back 1

Formic Acid

Front 2

What compound is involved in the acquisition of iron by bacteria?

Back 2

Siderophore

Front 3

O-antigens are related to LPS, whereas mucoidy and K-antigens are related to what component?

Back 3

Capsule

Front 4

The system by which glucose gets into e. coli?

Back 4

group translocation

Front 5

During fermentation what compound is exhausted by the conversion of glucose to pyruvate and must be regenerated?

Back 5

NAD

Front 6

What part of a bacterium will allow a "smooth" colony, but when absent will show a "rough" colony?

Back 6

O-antigen

Front 7

What "chemical group" could form a long intramolecular bridge between L-lysine and D-alanine in the peptidoglycan of Gram+ bacteria?

Back 7

Pentaglycine

Front 8

A length of DNA coding for virulence factors that appears to have originated from a foreign source and is imbedded in the chromosome

Back 8

Pathogenicity Island

Front 9

What compound is used to get large hydrophilic precursors to the growing peptidoglycan?

Back 9

Bactoprenol

Front 10

What is the unusual fatty acid found in Lipid A?

Back 10

Beta hydroxy myristic acid

Front 11

Monobactam

Back 11

blocks cell wall synthesis in Gram- aerobic bacteria

Front 12

Quinolones

Back 12

A broad spectrum antibiotic that inhibits replication via inhibition of DNA gyrase, works well against gram- bacteria and resistant strains

Front 13

Tetracycline

Back 13

inhibits protein synthesis by reversibly binding the 30s ribosomal subunit, it is broad spectrum and the drug of choice against RMSF and chlamydia

Front 14

Polymyxin

Back 14

disrupts bacterial cell walls by targeting ethylolamine

Front 15

Cycloserine

Back 15

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by stopping the production of d-alanyl-d-alanine subunit

Front 16

Chloramphenicol

Back 16

inhibits protein synthesis by reversibly binding the 50S subunit (blocks the bond at the peptidyl site); it is broad spectrum and can cause irreversible aplastic anemia

Front 17

Bacitracin

Back 17

Inhibits Cell-wall synthesis by preventing the carrier from adhering the subunit

Front 18

Metronidazole

Back 18

DNA fragmenter, must be taken up and reduced first, it is used against parasites and anaerobes

Front 19

Oxozolidonones

Back 19

targets Gram+, affects the initiation complex in protein synthesis

Front 20

Daptomycin

Back 20

a cyclic lipopeptide that targets cell membranes

Front 21

Polyene/Amphotericin B

Back 21

an antifungal that disrupts the cell membrane

Front 22

Penicillin

Back 22

bactericidal, inhibits cell wall synthesis by disrupting transpeptidase cross linking, sensitive to beta lactamase

Front 23

Ampicillin/Amoxicillin

Back 23

Penicillins that are broader spectrum

Front 24

Methicillin/Oxacillin

Back 24

Penicillins that are beta lactamase resistant

Front 25

Carbemicillin

Back 25

Penicillin that is extended spectrum

Front 26

Spectinomycin

Back 26

bacteriostatic, inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding the 30S ribosomal subunit

Front 27

Rifampin/Rifamycin

Back 27

inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase

Front 28

Griseofulvin

Back 28

an antifungal that inhibits nucleic acid synthesis in fungi by inhibiting fungal microtubules

Front 29

Lincomycin/Clindamycin

Back 29

inhibits protein synthesis by binding 50S subunit, can target bacteroides causing pseudomebranous colitis and an overgrowth of c. diff

Front 30

Macrolides/Eryhtromycin

Back 30

target gram+, blocks protein synthesis by binding 50S subunit, effective against URIs like mycoplasma pneumoniae and Legionnaire's, Azithromycin and Clarithromycin are derivatives

Front 31

Cephalosporins

Back 31

block cell wall synthesis by blocking transpeptidase cross linking, less potent than penicillin but broader spectrum and more resistant to beta lactamase

Front 32

Carbapenems

Back 32

imipenem and meropenem, inhibits cell wall synthesis, broad-spectrum and beta-lactamase resistant

Front 33

Aminoglycosides

Back 33

blocks protein synthesis by blocking 30S subunit, broad spectrum but ineffective against anaerobes, strepto-, genta-, neo-, kana-, and tobramycin

Front 34

Tigecycline

Back 34

derived from tetracycline, 1st glyclcyline antibiotic, broad spectrum and effective against MRSA, probably binds 30S ribosome

Front 35

Imidizole

Back 35

targets ergosterol in fungal cell membrane

Front 36

Vancomycin

Back 36

inhibits cll wall synthesis by blocking lipid carrier