Medical 10-Mood Disorders-Vide15

Front 1

Term used for a lack of energy?

Back 1

anergia

Front 2

Term used for average affect and activity?

Back 2

euthymic

Front 3

Term used for pervasive alterations in emotions that are manifested by depression, mania, or both.

Back 3

mood disorders...also called affective disorders

Front 4

Term used for a distinct period during which the mood is abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable. The period lasts 1 week (unless hospitalized and treated sooner)

Back 4

mania

Front 5

At least 3 of the following symptoms accompany the manic episode?

Back 5

inflated self-esteem or
grandiosity..
decreased need for sleep..
pressured speech..
flight of ideas..
distractability..
increased involvement in
goal-directed activity or
psychomotor agitation..
excessive involvement in
pleasure-seeking
activities with a high
potential for painful
consequences..
possible delusions..
possible hallucinations

Front 6

Term used for unrelenting, rapid, often loud talking without pauses

Back 6

pressured speech

Front 7

Term used for racing thoughts, often unconnected

Back 7

flight of ideas

Front 8

Term to describe a period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood lasting 4 days and including 3 or 4 of the additional symptoms described earlier.

Back 8

hypomania

Front 9

Hypomanic episodes do not impair the person's ability to _____?

Back 9

function
(may be quite productive)

Front 10

A person having a hypomanic episode has NO _____ features.

Back 10

psychotic (delusions and hallucinations)

Front 11

A MIXED episode is diagnosed when the person experiences both _____ and _____ nearly every day for at least 1 week. These episodes are called _____-_____.

Back 11

mania
depression
rapid-cycling

Front 12

Bipolar disorder is diagnosed when a person's mood cycles between extremes of ____ and ____.

Back 12

mania
depression

Front 13

Term describing the process by which seizure activity in a specific area of the brain is initially stimulated by reaching a threshold of the cumulative effects of stress,
low amounts of electric impulses or
chemicals such as cocaine that sensitize nerve cells and pathways. These highly sensitized pathways respond by no longer needing the stimulus to induce seizure activity, which now occurs spontaneously.

Back 13

kindling

Front 14

It is theorized that kindling may underlie the cycling of mood disorders as well as _____.

Back 14

addiction

Front 15

Which group of drugs inhibit kindling, explaining their efficacy in treating bipolar disorder?

Back 15

anticonvulsants

Front 16

Which level of neurotransmitters may be deficient in depression and increased in mania?

Back 16

norepinephrine

Front 17

Term for life-threatening condition that may develop when taking the antidepressants called MAOIs and mixing it with tyramine-containing foods and fluids or other medications?

Back 17

hypertensive crisis

Front 18

The ______ ______ are used infrequently because of potentially fatal side effects and interactions with numerous drugs, both prescription and OTC preparations. The most serious side effect is hypertensive crisis.

Back 18

antidepressant MAOIs

Front 19

Symptoms of hypertensive crisis are? (11)

Back 19

occipital headache
hypertension
nausea
vomiting
chills
sweating
restlessness
nuchal rigidity
dilated pupils
fever
motor agitation

Front 20

Symptoms of hypertensive crisis can lead to? (3)

Back 20

hyperpyrexia
cerebral hemorrhage
death

Front 21

The MAOI-tyramine interaction produces symptoms within ___ to ____ minutes after ingestion.

Back 21

20 to 60 minutes

Front 22

For hypertensive crisis, transient antihypertensive agents such as ____ ____ are given to dilate blood vessels and decrease vascular resistance.

Back 22

phentolamine mesylate

Front 23

Term describing slow body movements, slow cognitive processing, and slow verbal interaction?

Back 23

psychomotor retardation

Front 24

Term used when clients take up to 30 seconds to respond to a question.

Back 24

latency of response

Front 25

Term used to describe increased body movements and thoughts?

Back 25

psychomotor agitation

Front 26

Term to describe losing any sense of pleasure from activities they formerly enjoyed?

Back 26

anhedonia

Front 27

Having the same repeated thoughts and going over them repeatedly is termed?

Back 27

ruminate

Front 28

A hallmark sign of a manic episode is ___ ___, which means unrelentingly rapid and often loud speech without pauses. The client will interrupt others and cannot listen to others. The client ignores verbal cues indicating that others wish to speak and they continue with constant intelligible or unintelligible speech, turning from one listener to another or speaking to no one at all. If interrupted, clients with mania often start over from the beginning.

Back 28

pressured speech

Front 29

Term used to decribe cognitive ability or thinking that is confused and jumbled with thoughts racing one after another.
Clients cannot connect concepts and jump from one subject to another.
2______ and 3_____ also characterize thinking. At times, clients may be unable to communicate thoughts or needs in ways that others understand.

Back 29

1 flight of ideas
2 circumstantiality
3 tangentiality

Front 30

Although the usual mood of manic people is 1 _____, emotions are unstable and can fluctuate (2_____ _____) readily between euphoria and hostility.

Back 30

1 elation
2 labile emotions

Front 31

Clients with mania can become hostile to others whom they perceive as standing in the way of desired goals. They cannot postpone or delay gratification. Give an example (opera ticket)?

Back 31

Manic Client: You are the most wonderful woman in the world. Give me $50 so I can buy you a ticket to the opera."
Wife: "No!"
Client: (snarls) "You're cheap and selfish." (tries to strike her)

Front 32

Term to describe thinking about killing oneself.

Back 32

suicidal ideation

Front 33

The nurse NEVER ignores any hint of _____ _____ regardless of how trivial or subtle it seems and the client's intent or emotional status.

Back 33

suicidal ideation

Front 34

Depressed clients who begin taking an _____ may have a continued or increased risk for suicide in the first few _____ of therapy.

Back 34

antidepressant
weeks

Front 35

The client on antidepressants may experience an _____ in energy from the antidepressant but remain depressed.

Back 35

increase

Front 36

A client on antidepressants with increased energy may make clients more likely to act on _____ tendencies and be able to carry them out.

Back 36

suicidal

Front 37

Because antidepressants take several weeks to reach their ____ effect, clients may become discouraged and act on suicidal ideas because they believe the medication is not helping them.

Back 37

peak

Front 38

It is extremely IMPORTANT to monitor the ____ _____ of depressed clients until risk has subsided.

Back 38

suicidal ideation

Front 39

Name the major symptoms of depressive disorder? (9)

Back 39

depressed mood..
anhedonism (joyless)..
unintentional weight change
of 5% or more in a month..
change in sleep pattern..
agitation or psychomotor
retardation..
tiredness..
worthlessness or guilt
inappropriate to the
situation (possibly
delusional)..
difficulty thinking,
focusing, or making
decisions..
hopelessness, helplessness,
and/or suicidal ideation

Front 40

A syndrome that occurs when there is an inadequate washout period between taking MAOIs and SSRIs or when MAOIs are combined with meperidine.

Back 40

serotonin syndrome

Front 41

Symptoms of serotonin syndrome include? (3)

Back 41

change in mental state:
confusion, agitation
neuromuscular excitement:
muscle rigidity, weakness,
sluggish pupils, shivering,
tremors, myoclonic jerks,
collapse, muscle paralysis
Autonomic abnormaliies:
hyperthermia, tachycardia,
tachycardia, tachypnea,
hypersalivation,
diaphoresis

Front 42

Which 2 groups of drugs are potentially lethal when taken in overdose?
To decrease this risk depressed or impulsive clients who are taking any antidepressants in these two categories may need to have prescriptions and refills in limited amounts.

Back 42

cyclic compounds
MAOIs

Front 43

Name the numerous drugs that interact with MAOIs and can be potentially fatal? (11)

Back 43

amphetamines
ephedrine
fenfluramine
isoproterenol
meperidine
phenylephrine
phenylpropanolamine
pseudoephedrine
SSRI antidepressants
tricyclic antidepressants
tyramine

Front 44

Term meaning a tendency to view everything in polar categories, i.e., all-or-none, black-or-white.

Back 44

absolute, dichotomous thinking

Front 45

Term meaning to draw a specific conclusion without sufficient evidence, i.e., jumping to (negative) conclusions

Back 45

arbitrary inference

Front 46

Term meaning to focus on a single (often minor) detail while ignoring other, more significant aspects of the experience, i.e., concentrating on one small (negative) detail while discounting positive aspects

Back 46

specific abstraction

Front 47

Term to form conclusions based on too little or too narrow experience, i.e., if one experience was negative, then ALL similar experiences will be negative

Back 47

overgeneralization

Front 48

Over- or undervaluing the significance of a particular event, i.e., one small negative event is the end of the world or a positive experience is totally discounted.

Back 48

magnification and minimalization

Front 49

Term which is the tendency to self-reference external events without basis, i.e., believing that events are directly related to one's self, whether they are or not.

Back 49

personalization