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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Senescence is also known as
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arrested growth of cells
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Programmed cell death is called
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apoptosis
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When the regulatory processes of cells go awry, and cells grow and divide uncontrollably, consuming energy and losing structure and function
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cancer
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Cancer ultimately leads to an aberration in the expression of this type of genes
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protooncogenes
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These types of genes are the products of which control normal cell life
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protooncogenes
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When protooncogenes mutate, they become, leading to cancer
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oncogenes
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Oncogenes can either _________ or ____________ regulatory biochemicals resulting in preferential and accelerated cellular growth
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overexpress or underexpress
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This type of drug inhibits and combats the development of cancer
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antineoplastic drugs
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Newer anticancer drugs act directly against abnormal proteins in cancer cells, termed
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targeted therapy
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Two purines
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adenine and guanine
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Three pyrimidines
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cytosine, thymine and uracil
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In purine numbering (two rings), start with the ________ ring and the _______ molecular weight atom on the outside... then continue in which direction? Next, On the ______ ring, proceed to the closest ________ molecular weight atom
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larger ring, highest molecular weight atom, clockwise manner, smaller ring, highest molecular weight atom
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Where do you start numbering on pyrimidines?
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the bottom of the ring at the nitrogen and continue counterclockwise to the C=O
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