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8 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
What history needs to be taken for a child?
Dealing with parent(s) AND child
- Develop rapport with child (all ages?)

- Family history/family tree
- Pregnancy, labour, delivery
- Growth & development/milestones
- Progress at school
- Social history including abuse
What examination is done for a child?
- Growth charts
- Developmental charts
- Systematic (not as focused as with adult as never as much gained from history & need to allay parental anxiety - therefore better to be thorough.
What do you do for a neonate?
History - relates to pregnancy, infections, diet, vomiting, genetics etc

Examination
- APGAR (rapid indicator of neonatl and long term prognosis)
- other - amniotic fluid, umbilical cord, placenta
- General - general appearance, head, neck, chest, abdomen extremities (color, icterus, sex, development, face, eyes, ears, nose, mouth, symmetry, T, RR, lungs, hear, ?herniae, umbilicus, liver, sex organs, anus, hips, back, rest of extremities inclu. digits, neurological, urine, faeces)

Gestational age
- relate to weight, height, head C., weight/length ratio
- special charts used to estimate
What is the APGAR test?
COLOUR
2 - pink
1 - pink body, blue extremities
0 - blue/pale

HR
2 - >100
1 - <100
0 - absent

Resp effort
2 - crying/good
1 - slow/irreg
0 - absent

Muscle tone
2 - active motion
1 - some activity
0 - limp

Response
2 - cough/sneeze
1 - grimace
0 - no response
What neurological things need to be looked at for a child?
- Sutures/fontanelles
- Spontaneous movements
- Tone
- Rooting reflex
- Sucking reflex
- Traction response
- Grasp relex
- Tendon reflexes
- Right reaction
- Placing
- Walking
- Moro
What do you need to do for an infant?
<6months - examinating table
6mths-3years - held in mothers lap
- start examination where most comfort & no pain - talk to child - "explain"
- Growth - plot on charts
- Development - see charts
> speech & language
> gross motor
> fine motor
> personal - social
- nutrition
- Immunisation
What do you need to do for a child?
- Growth, weight etc
- parental concerns
- school concerns
- relationships
- medicolegal
- unique illnesses - e.g. diabetes
What do you do for an adolescent?
Treat as an adult!