Med Terminology Chapter 5

Front 1

Epidermis

Back 1

Outer layer of epidermis

Front 2

Stratum Corneum

Back 2

Second sublayer of epidermis

Front 3

Basal layer

Back 3

3rd sublayer of epidermis

Front 4

Dermis

Back 4

Second layer of skin, also called Corium, directly below epidermis, composed of living tissue

Front 5

Keratin

Back 5

Basal skin cells form this as they migrate toward the stratum corneum to replace cells a they slough off

Front 6

Melanocytes

Back 6

Basal cells that produce melanin

Front 7

Albino

Back 7

Unable to produce melanin

Front 8

Sebaceous gland

Back 8

Oil gland in dermis.

Front 9

Sudoriferious gland

Back 9

Sweat gland in dermis

Front 10

Subcutaneous layer

Back 10

Also called hypodermis, binds the dermis to underlying structures, composed of adipose and connective tissue. Stores fat, insulates and cushions body, and regulates temps.

Front 11

Axillae

Back 11

Armpits

Front 12

Sebum

Back 12

Oily secretion from sebaceous gland

Front 13

Ductules

Back 13

Small ducts, when sebaceous ductules are blocked acne can result

Front 14

Androgens

Back 14

Sex hormones that regulates secretion of sebum

Front 15

Androgen

Back 15

Hormone, testosterone and androsterone that stimulate development of male characteristics

Front 16

Stratum Germinativum

Back 16

Another name for Basal layer

Front 17

Adip/o, Lip/o, Steat/o

Back 17

Fat

Front 18

Lipocele

Back 18

Hernia containing fat

Front 19

Adiposis

Back 19

Abnormal accumulation of fat

Front 20

Cutane/o, Dermat/o, Derm/o

Back 20

Pertaining to the skin. (Ex. Dermatoplasty, subcutaneous, hypodermic)

Front 21

Hidr/o, sudur/o

Back 21

Relating to sweat. (Ex. Hidradenitis - inflammation of sweat gland, sudoresis - profuse sweating)

Front 22

Icthy/o

Back 22

Dry, scaly

Front 23

Kerat/o

Back 23

Horny tissue, hard, cornea (keratosis- increase - used primarily with blood cells)

Front 24

Melan/o

Back 24

Black. Melanoma - black tumor

Front 25

Myc/o

Back 25

Fungus, fungi

Front 26

Onych/o, ungu/o

Back 26

Nail. (Ex. Onychomalacia - softening of nails; Ungual - pertaining to nails)

Front 27

Pil/o, Trich/o

Back 27

Hair. (Ex pilonidal hair in a nest, trichopathy - disease involving hair)

Front 28

Scler/o

Back 28

Hardening; sclera (white of eye)

Front 29

Seb/o

Back 29

Sebum, sebaceous (ex seborrhea)

Front 30

Squam/o

Back 30

Scale. (Ex squamous - scaly)

Front 31

Xen/o

Back 31

Foreign; strange (ex. xenograft - Foreign transplantation)

Front 32

Xer/o

Back 32

Dry (ex. Xerostomia - dry mouth)

Front 33

Primary and secondary lesions

Back 33

Initial reaction to pathology and changes to primary lesions

Front 34

Macule

Back 34

Flat pigmented 1cm or less diameter

Front 35

Papule

Back 35

Elevated lesion ex wart, nevus, eczema

Front 36

Vesicle

Back 36

Elevated, fluid filled lesion less than 0.5 cm (ex. Chicken pox, poison ivy)

Front 37

Nodule

Back 37

Solid lesion deeper than papule, extends into dermal area (ex. Tumor)

Front 38

Pustule

Back 38

Elevated, fluid filled lesion, less than 1cm diam (ex. Acne, furuncle, scabies)

Front 39

Tumor

Back 39

Elevated, solid lesion, larger than 2 cm extending into dermal and subcutaneous layer. (Ex. Lipoma, steatoma)

Front 40

Wheal

Back 40

Elevated, solid lesion, with localized skin edema, varies in size shape and color, itchy (ex. Hours, insect bites, urticaria)

Front 41

Bulla

Back 41

Elevated, fluid filled lesion, vesicle or blister smaller than 1cm in diameter. (Ex. Second degree burns, poison oak, ivy)

Front 42

Excoriations

Back 42

Secondary depressed lesion, scratch marks or traumatized abrasion of epidermis (ex. Scratches, thermal or chemical burns)

Front 43

Fissure

Back 43

Depressed secondary lesion, slit or crack, extends into dermal layer caused by continuous inflammation or drying.

Front 44

Ulcer

Back 44

Secondary depressed lesion, open sore extending to dermis. (Ex. Pressure sore, basal cell carcinoma)

Front 45

Alopecia

Back 45

Hair loss

Front 46

Anaplasia

Back 46

Loss cellular differentiator and of function

Front 47

Grade I tumor

Back 47

Tumor cells well differentiated, close resemblance to tissue of origin, and retaining some function

Front 48

Grade II tumor

Back 48

Tumor cells moderately or poorly differentiated

Front 49

Grade III and Grade IV Tumor

Back 49

Cells poorly differentiated, only remote similarity to tissue of origin, greatly increased mitosis

Recognition of tumor tissue origin is difficult, extreme variation in size and shape of tumor cells

Front 50

Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) System

Back 50

T: Size and invasiveness of the primary tumor

N: area lymph nodes involved

M: metastasis of the primary tumor

Front 51

TX

Back 51

Primary tumor cannot be evaluated

Front 52

T0

Back 52

No evidence of tumor

Front 53

Tis

Back 53

Stage 1, carcinoma in situ, indicating the tumor is in a defined location with no invasion of surrounding tissues

Front 54

T1, T2, T3, T4

Back 54

Stage 2, primary tumor size and extent of local invasion, where do you one is small with minimal Invasion and T4 is large with extensive Invasion into surrounding organs and tissues

Front 55

NX

Back 55

Regional lymph nodes that cannot be evaluated

Front 56

N0

Back 56

Regional lymph nodes that showed no abnormalities

Front 57

N1, N2, N3, N4

Back 57

Stage 3, degree of lymph node involvement and spread to Regional lymph nodes, where N1is less involvement with minimal spreading and N4 is more involvement with extensive spreading

Front 58

MX

Back 58

Distant metastasis that cannot be evaluated

Front 59

M0

Back 59

No evidence of metastasis

Front 60

M1

Back 60

Stage 4, presence of metastasis

Front 61

Squamous cell carcinoma

Back 61

Predisposing factors for this including exposure carcinogens hereditary diseases such as xeroderma pigmentosum and albinism, and presence of lesions such as actinic keratosis and Bowen disease

Front 62

Cellulitis

Back 62

Diffuse acute infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue

Front 63

Chloasma

Back 63

Pigment discoloration of skin, usually yellowish brown patches or spots

Front 64

Comedo

Back 64

Typical small skin lesion of acne vulgaris, caused by accumulation of keratin, bacteria, and dried sebum plugging an excretory duct

Front 65

Dermatomycosis

Back 65

Fungal skin infection

Front 66

Ecchymosis

Back 66

Skin discoloration, irregularly formed hemorrhagic area with blue to black to greenish or yellow, bruise.

Front 67

Eczema

Back 67

Chronic inflammatory characterized by erythrma, papules, vesicles, pustules, scales, crusts, and scabs accompanied by pruritis. Atopic dermatitis.

Front 68

Erythema

Back 68

Redness of skin caused by swelling of capillaries

Front 69

Eschar

Back 69

Dead matter sloughed off, especially after a burn

Front 70

Impetigo

Back 70

Bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture

Front 71

Lentigo

Back 71

Small brown macules especially on face and arms brought on by sun exposure, usually in middle-aged or older people

Front 72

Keratosis

Back 72

Secondary of epidermis or any horny growth on skin, such as a callus or wart.

Front 73

Pediculosis

Back 73

Lice infestation

Front 74

Petechia

Back 74

Minute pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin. Smaller ecchymosis

Front 75

Pruritis

Back 75

Intense itching

Front 76

Psoriasis

Back 76

Chronic skin disease characterized by circumscribed red patches covered by thick dry silvery adherent scales caused by excess development of basal layer of epidermis

Front 77

Tinea

Back 77

Fungal skin infection. Also ringworm

Front 78

Scabies

Back 78

Contagious skin disease transmitted by mites, commonly through sexual contact

Front 79

Purpura

Back 79

Any type of bleeding disorders characterized by Hemorrhage into the tissues, particularly beneath the skin or mucous membranes

Front 80

Urticaria

Back 80

Allergic reaction of the skin characterized by eruption of pale red elevated patches called wheals or hives

Front 81

Verruca

Back 81

Warts

Front 82

Vitiligo

Back 82

Localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk white patches

Front 83

Fulguration

Back 83

Tissue destruction through high-frequency electric current

Front 84

Photodynamic therapy

Back 84

Procedure in which cells selectively treated with an agent called a photosensitizer are exposed to light to produce a reaction that destroys the cells. Used to treat cancer actinic keratosis and macular degeneration

Front 85

Mohs

Back 85

Layers of cancer containing skin progressively removed and examined until only cancer-free tissue remains

Front 86

Culture and sensitivity C&S

Back 86

Laboratory tests to identify sensitivity of a bacterium to antibiotic drugs