Med Term Chapter 17 The Eye+Ears

Front 1

pupil?

Back 1

dark center of the eye that dilates and constricts the amount of light that can enter

Front 2

Conjunctiva?

Back 2

a mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and coats the anterior portion of the eyelid. Clear and colorless except when eyes are bloodshot.

Front 3

Cornea?

Back 3

fibrous, transparent tisue that covers the pupil and colored portion of the eye.

Has no blood vessels

Bends/refracts rays of light so they focus properly on the receptor cells in the back of the eye.

Front 4

Sclera?

Back 4

tough, fibrous supportive connective tissue that extends from the cornea (on the anterior eye surface) to the optic nerve in the back of the eye.

Front 5

Choroid?

Back 5

dark brown membrane inside the sclera.

Very vascular and continuous with the iris

Front 6

Iris?

Back 6

the colored, muscular sphincter in the eye that constricts/dilates the pupil.

Front 7

Ciliary body?

Back 7

on each side of the lens; contains ciliary muscles that change the shape and thickness of the lens to aid in light refraction.

Secretes fluid (aqueous humor) that nourishes nearby structures.

Front 8

Vitreous chamber?

Back 8

large region behind the eyes filled with vitreous fluid (AKA vitreous humor). Maintains the shape of the eyeball and helps refract light. Not constantly being replaced; if lost, will result in blindness.

Front 9

Retina?

Back 9

thin, delicate sensitive nerve area of the eye that contains rods and cones. Light energy causes it to initiate a nerve impulse to the optic nerve.

Front 10

optic disk?

Back 10

The region where the optic nerve meets the retina. Contains only nerve fibers; no light receptors.

Front 11

Macula?

Back 11

small, oval, yellowish area to the side of the optic disk that contains a central depression called the Fovea centralis, which contains mostly cones and is the sharpest area of vision.

Front 12

Optic chiasm?

Back 12

point at which the fibers in the optic nerve cross the brain

Front 13

aque/o

Back 13

water

Front 14

blephar/o

Back 14

eyelid

Front 15

cor/o

Back 15

pupil

Front 16

corne/o

Back 16

cornea

Front 17

cycl/o

Back 17

ciliary body or muscle

Front 18

dacry/o

Back 18

tears, tear duct

Front 19

ir/o

irid/o

Back 19

iris

Front 20

kerat/o

Back 20

cornea

Front 21

lacrim/o

Back 21

tears

Front 22

ocul/o

opthalm/o

Back 22

eye

Front 23

opt/o

optic/o

Back 23

eye, vision

Front 24

palpebr/o

Back 24

eyelid

Front 25

papill/o

Back 25

optic disc, nipple-like

Front 26

phac/o

phak/o

Back 26

pupil

Front 27

retin/o

Back 27

retina

Front 28

scler/o

Back 28

sclera; white part of the eye

Front 29

uve/o

Back 29

uvea

Front 30

vitre/o

Back 30

glassy

Front 31

ambly/o

Back 31

dim, dull

Front 32

dipl/o

Back 32

double

Front 33

glauc/o

Back 33

gray

Front 34

mi/o

Back 34

smaller, less

Front 35

mydr/o

Back 35

widen, enlarge

Front 36

nyct/o

Back 36

night

Front 37

phot/o

Back 37

light

Front 38

presby/o

Back 38

old age

Front 39

scot/o

Back 39

darkness

Front 40

xer/o

Back 40

dry

Front 41

-opia

-opsia

Back 41

vision

Front 42

-tropia

Back 42

to turn

Front 43

astigmatism?

Back 43

Defective curvature of the cornea or lens

Front 44

Hyperopia?

Back 44

farsightedness

Front 45

myopia?

Back 45

nearsightedness

Front 46

presbyopia?

Back 46

loss of vision associated with aging.

Front 47

cataract?

Back 47

clouding of the lens

Front 48

Chalazion?

Back 48

small, hard cystic mass on the eyelid that forms as a result of chronic inflammation of a sebaceous gland along the margin of the eyelid.

Front 49

diabetic retinopathy?

Back 49

number of conditions that results from diabetes

Front 50

glaucoma?

Back 50

increased intraocular pressure that results in damage to the retina+optic nerve.

Front 51

Hordeolum?

Back 51

a sty/a localized infection of a sebaceous gland in the eyelid.

Front 52

Macular degeneration?

Back 52

progressive damage to the macula of the retina

Front 53

nystagmus?

Back 53

repetitive rhythmic movement of one/both eyes.

Front 54

Retinal detachment?

Back 54

when the 2 layers of retina separate from each other.

Front 55

Strabismus?

Back 55

abnormal deviation of the eye

Front 56

opthalmoscopy?

Back 56

visual exam of the eye interior

Front 57

visual acuity test?

Back 57

clarity of vision is tested

Front 58

enucleation?

Back 58

removal of the entire eyeball

Front 59

keratoplasty?

Back 59

surgical repair of the cornea

Front 60

LASIK?

Back 60

use of an excimer laser to correct refraction errors

Front 61

scleral buckle?

Back 61

suture of silicone band to the sclera over a detached portion of the retina

Front 62

Vitrectomy?

Back 62

removal of the vitreous humor

Front 63

Auricle/pinna?

Back 63

outer portion of the ear

Front 64

external auditory meatus? What's it lined with?

Back 64

auditory canal.

Lined with glands that secrete ear wax (cerumen)

Front 65

What is the tympanic membrane and located?

Back 65

AKA the eardrum. Separates the middle and outer ears.

Front 66

What are the 3 bones of the inner ear and what common word do they correspond to?

Back 66

malleus=hammer

incus=anvil

stapes=stirrup

Front 67

Oval window?

Back 67

separates the middle ear from the inner ear; stimuated by the stapes.

Front 68

Eustacian tube?

Back 68

structure in the middle tube that leads from the middle ear to the pharynx to help maintain normal ear pressure.

Front 69

cochlea?

Back 69

leads from the oval window; snail shaped structure int he inner ear. Contains the similarly shaped Organ of Corti as well as nerve fibers.

Front 70

Auditory nerve fibers?

Back 70

Receive sound waves from the organ of Corti

Front 71

Vestibule?

Back 71

connects the cochlea to 3 semicircular canals to help with balance.

Contains 2 sacs: the saccule and the utricle. Lined with hair cells and filled with endolymph fluid.

Front 72

acous/o

audi/o

audit/o

Back 72

hearing

Front 73

aur/o

auricul/o

Back 73

ear

Front 74

cochle/o

Back 74

cochlea

Front 75

mastoid/o

Back 75

mastoid process

Front 76

myring/o

Back 76

eardrum, tympanic

Front 77

ossicul/o

Back 77

ossicle

Front 78

ot/o

Back 78

ear

Front 79

salping/o

Back 79

eustachian tube

Front 80

staped/o

Back 80

stapes

Front 81

tympan/o

Back 81

tympanic membrane

Front 82

vestibul/o

Back 82

vestibule

Front 83

-acusis

-cusis

Back 83

hearing

Front 84

-meter

Back 84

instrument used to measure

Front 85

-otia

Back 85

ear condition

Front 86

acoustic neuroma?

Back 86

benign tumor arising from the acoustic nerve in the brain

Front 87

cholesteatoma?

Back 87

cyst-like mass in the middle ear that are accumulations of skin cells and cholesterol

Front 88

Méniére disease

Back 88

disorder of the inner ear labyrinth marked by elevated endolymph pressure w/in the cochlea and semicirculuar canals

Front 89

otitis media?

Back 89

inflammation of the middle ear

Front 90

Otosclerosis?

Back 90

hardening of the bony tissue of the labyrinth of the ear

Front 91

Tinnitus?

Back 91

sensation of noise in the ears

Front 92

vertigo?

Back 92

sensation of whirling/irregular motion of oneself or other objects

Front 93

audiometry?

Back 93

testing the sense of hearing

Front 94

Cochlear implant?

Back 94

surgically implanted device to allow hearing impaired persons to understand speech