Med Term Ch7

Front 1

respiratory system

Back 1

supplies blood with oxygen for transportation to the cells in all parts of the body.

Front 2

upper respiratory tract

Back 2

consists of nose, mouth, pharnyx, epiglottis, larynx, and trachea.

Front 3

lower respiratory tract

Back 3

consists of bronchial tree and lungs. Protected by the thoracic cavity(rib cage)

Front 4

nasal septum

Back 4

a wall of cartilage that divides the nose into two equal sections.

Front 5

septum

Back 5

wall that separates to chambers

Front 6

cilia

Back 6

thin hairs in the nostrils; filter incoming air to remove debris

Front 7

nostrils

Back 7

external openings of the nose

Front 8

tonsils

Back 8

in the back of mouth protect body from infection.

Front 9

adenoids

Back 9

behind the nose and the roof of mouth; protect body from infection

Front 10

paranasal sinuses

Back 10

air filled cavities lined with mucous membrane located in the bones of the skull

Front 11

frontal sinuses

Back 11

located in the frontal bone just above the eyebrows.

Front 12

maxillary sinuses

Back 12

largest of the paranasal sinuses, are located in the maxillary bones under the eyes.

Front 13

ethmoid bone

Back 13

located between the nose and the eyes; irregularly shaped air cells that are separated from the orbital cavity by only a thin layer of bone.

Front 14

pharynx

Back 14

receives air after it passes through the nose or mouth as well as food.

Front 15

nasopharynx

Back 15

first division posterior to the nasal cavity and continues downward to behind the mouth.(only respiratory)

Front 16

oropharynx

Back 16

second division portion that is visible when looking in the mouth. (respiratory and digestive)

Front 17

larynx

Back 17

voice box; triangular chamber located between pharynx and trachea

Front 18

trachea

Back 18

transports air to and from the lungs; tube call the windpipe

Front 19

bronchi

Back 19

two large tubes branch out from the trachea and convey air to the lungs

Front 20

bronchioles

Back 20

smallest branches of the bronchi

Front 21

alveoli

Back 21

air sacs; small grape-like clusters found at the end of bronchioles; where exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place

Front 22

surfacant

Back 22

produced by the alveoli; reduce surface tension of fluid in the lungs

Front 23

pleura

Back 23

thin moist and slippery membrane that covers the outer surface of the lungs and lines the inner surface of the thoracic cavity

Front 24

pleural cavity

Back 24

thin fluid-filled space between the parietal and visceral pleural membranes; lubricates membranes so they can slide easily over each other during respiration

Front 25

diaphram

Back 25

dome shaped sheet of muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdomen. contraction and relaxation of muscle that makes breathing possible.

Front 26

respiration

Back 26

breathing; exchange of oxygen for carbon dioxide that is essential to life.

Front 27

venilation

Back 27

moving air in and out of lungs

Front 28

inhalation

Back 28

act of taking air in as the diaphragm contracts and pulls downward.

Front 29

exhalation

Back 29

breathing out; diaphragm relaxes it moves upward forcing air out of lungs.

Front 30

external respiration

Back 30

act of bringing air in and out of the lungs from the outside environment and in the process exchanging oxygen for carbon dioxide

Front 31

internal respiration

Back 31

exchange of gasses within the cells of the blood and tissue

Front 32

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Back 32

a group of lung diseases in which the bronchial airflow is obstructed making it hard to breathe.

Front 33

chronic bronchitis

Back 33

disease in which the airways have become inflamed due to recurrent exposure to and inhaled irritant usually cigarette smoke.

Front 34

asthma

Back 34

chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchial tubes often triggered by an allergic reaction.

Front 35

upper respiratory infection

Back 35

URI; common cold; can be cause by anyone of 200 viruses. Most common is human rhinovirus.

Front 36

croup

Back 36

an acute respiratory infection in which children and infants characterized by obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and swelling around the vocal cords resulting in barking cough.

Front 37

epistaxis

Back 37

nose bleed; bleeding of nose cause by dry air, an injury, medication to prevent blood clotting or high blood pressure.

Front 38

influenza

Back 38

flu; highly contagious viral infection characterized by respiratory inflammation, fever, chills, and muscle pain.

Front 39

pertussis

Back 39

whooping cough; contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract; recurrent bouts of a paroxysmal cough, followed by breathlessness and noisy inspiration.

Front 40

rhinorrhea

Back 40

runny nose; watery flow of mucus from the nose

Front 41

dysphonia

Back 41

difficulty speaking which may include any impairment in vocal quality, including hoarseness, weakness, or cracking of a boy's voice during puberty.

Front 42

tracheorrhagia

Back 42

bleeding from the mucous membranes of the trachea

Front 43

bronchiecstasis

Back 43

permanent dilation of the bronchi, caused by chronic infection and inflammation

Front 44

bronchorrhea

Back 44

an excessive discharge of mucous from the bronchi

Front 45

pleural effusion

Back 45

the excess accumulation of fluid in the pleural space. Prevents lungs from fully expanding.

Front 46

pyrothorax

Back 46

presence of pus in the pleural cavity between the layers of the pleural membrane

Front 47

empyema

Back 47

refers to the collection of pus in a body cavity

Front 48

pneumothorax

Back 48

accumulation of air in the pleural space resulting in a pressure inbalance that causes the lungs to fully or partially collapse

Front 49

pulmonary edema

Back 49

an accumulation of fluid in the lung tissues, especially the alveoli. Often a symptom of heart failure.

Front 50

pulmonary embolism

Back 50

the sudden blockage of a pulmonary artery by foreign matter or by an embolous that has formed in the leg or pelvic region

Front 51

pneumorrhagia

Back 51

bleeding from the lungs

Front 52

aspiration pneumonia

Back 52

when a foreign substance such as vomit is inhaled into the lungs

Front 53

bacterial pneumonia

Back 53

mostly caused by streptococcus; only form of pneumonia that can be prevented by vaccination

Front 54

community-aquired pneumonia

Back 54

a type of pneumonia that results from contagious infection outside a hospital or clinic

Front 55

hospital aquired pneumonia

Back 55

contracted during hospital stay

Front 56

walking pneumonia

Back 56

milder but longer-lasting form of the disease caused by bacteria Mycoplasma pneumonia; not bedridden

Front 57

intersitial lung disease

Back 57

refers to a group of almost 200 disorders that cause inflammation and scarring of the alveoli and their supporting structures.

Front 58

anthracosis

Back 58

coal miners cough; caused by coal dust in the lungs

Front 59

asbetosis

Back 59

caused by abestos particles in the lungs and usually occurs after working with asbestos

Front 60

lung cancer

Back 60

leading cause of cancer death in the united states; cancer forms in the tissues of the lung.

Front 61

eupena

Back 61

easy or normal breathing

Front 62

apnea

Back 62

the temporary absence of spontaneous respiration.

Front 63

bradypnea

Back 63

abnormally slow rate of respiration usually less than 10 breaths per minute

Front 64

cheyne-stokes respiration

Back 64

irregular pattern of breathing characterized by alternating rapid or shallow or shallow breathing follow by slower respiration apnea

Front 65

tachypnea

Back 65

abnormally rapid rate of respiration usually more than 20 breathes per minute

Front 66

dyspnea

Back 66

shortness of breathe; difficult or labored breathing

Front 67

hyperventilation

Back 67

-an abnormally rapid rate of deep respiration that is usually associated with anxiety

Front 68

hemoptysis

Back 68

blood or blood-stained sputum derived from the lungs or bronchial tubes as a result of pulmonary or bronchial hemorrhage

Front 69

airway obstruction

Back 69

choking; food or foreign object partially or completely blocks the airway

Front 70

anoxia

Back 70

absence of oxygen from the bodys tissues and organs even though there is an adequate flow of blood

Front 71

hypoxia

Back 71

condition of having deficient oxygen levels in the body's tissues and organs

Front 72

asphyxia

Back 72

loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get the oxygen it needs to function

Front 73

cyanosis

Back 73

a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes cause by lack of adequate oxygen in the blood

Front 74

sudden infant death syndrome

Back 74

SIDS; sudden and unexplainable death of an apparently healthy sleeping infant between the ages of 2 and 6 months

Front 75

bronchosopy

Back 75

visual examination of the bronchi using a bronchoscope

Front 76

peak-flow meter

Back 76

inexpensive handheld device used to let patients with asthma measure air flowing out of the lungs, revealing any narrowing of the airways in advance of an asthma attack

Front 77

pulse oximeter

Back 77

external monitor placed on patients fingertip or earlobe to measure the oxygen saturation level in blood

Front 78

phlegm

Back 78

thick mucus secreted by the tissues lining the respiratory passages.

Front 79

sputum

Back 79

phlegm ejected through the mouth that can be examined for diagnostic purposes

Front 80

antitussive

Back 80

couch medicine; administered to prevent or relieve coughing

Front 81

nebulizer

Back 81

electronic device that pumps air or oxygen through a liquid medicine to turn it into mist which then is inhaled by the patient via a face mask or mouthpiece

Front 82

laryngectomy

Back 82

surgical removal of the larynx

Front 83

septoplasty

Back 83

surgical repair or alteration of parts of the nasal septum

Front 84

trachetomy

Back 84

incision is made into the trachea to access the airway below the blockage

Front 85

pneumonectomy

Back 85

the surgical removal of all or part of the lungs

Front 86

lobectomy

Back 86

surgical removal of a lobe of an organ

Front 87

wedge resection

Back 87

surgery in which a small wedge shaped piece of cancerous tissue is removed along with a margin of healthy tissue around the cancer.

Front 88

diaphragmatic breathing

Back 88

relaxation technique used to relieve anxiety

Front 89

CPAP machine

Back 89

noninvasive ventilation device used tin the treatment of sleep apnea. A face mask connected to a pump that supplies a constant air pressure in the nasal passages

Front 90

ventilator

Back 90

mechanical device for artificial respiration that is used to replace or supplement the patients natural breathing function.

Front 91

supplemental oxygen

Back 91

administer when the patient is unable to maintain an adequate oxygen saturation level in the blood from breathing normal air.

Front 92

hyperbaric oxygen therapy

Back 92

involves breathing pure oxygen in a special chamber that allows air pressure to be raised up to three times higher than normal.