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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Anemia (low Hemoglobin in blood) Types: |
Due to impaired production of RBC are: Aplastic Nutritional pernicious sideroblastic Due to Destruction of RBC: hemorrhagic sickle cell and Thalassemia |
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Coagulation Disorder |
ThroboCytoPenia Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Hemophilia |
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Neoplasm |
Leukemia hodgkin Lymphoma Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Multiple Myeloma |
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Hematocrit (HT) |
They Call it Packed Cell Volume (PCV) it is a relative % of Packed RBC in a given volume of Blood |
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Complete Blood Count (CBC) |
series of test including Cell Count, PCV or Hematocrit , hemoglobin and Cell Volume Measurement |
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Reticulocyte counts for anemia |
Increase nb# of Reticulocyte (new born RBC) indicate increase red cell formation as a response to hemorrhage or cell destruction . Decrease nb# means deficiency in RBc formation due to Aplastic Anemia (or red bone marrow unable to make enough RBC) |
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Thrombocytopenia (Coagulation Disor) |
most common deficiency in # of paletelets caused by bone marrow cancer or Aplastic anemia or infection. symptoms: bleeding into skin or mucus membrane know as (petechiae) or ecchymoses (bruises) or Purpura (purple lesions) |
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Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) |
symptoms: widespread clotting followed by diffuse Hemorrhage ones clot removed. Causes: infection, cancer, injury, allergy or hemorrhage |
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hemophilia (coagul) |
symptoms: bleeding into tissues and joints. Caused: hereditary deficiency of a clotting factor. it is a sex linked disease that is passed from mother to son |
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Activated partial Thromboplastin time |
measure time for clot formation |
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bleeding time |
measure capacity of platelets to stop bleeding |
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Thrombin time |
measure how quickly a clot forms |
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Leukemia (one of Neuplasms) |
high # of WBC in the Blood but they are incompetent and cause crowd out on stream symptoms : anemia , fatigue , easy bleeding, SPLENOMEGALY (or mega Spleen) cause : unknown |
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Myelogenous Leukemia: |
originate in the BONE Marrowand involve mainly the Granular Leukocytes |
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1-Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML): |
1-AML is more common in adult men, cancer of myelobast, where myeloblast stop maturing and crowds the blood stream with blast cells . worsen with age . 75-90% achieve remission and there is a 50% 5 years survival rate |
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lymphocytic leukemia |
affects B-cells and the Lymphatic system causing Lymphadenopathy ( or swollen lymph nodes) |
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Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL): |
too many lymphoblasts or lymphocytes in bone marrow and peripheral blood and can spread to spleen, lymph nodes , liver and CNS . it is most common type of cancer in children (and is curable ) |
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Chronic Myelogenous leukemia: |
in CML too many Granulocytes or sometime called leukemia cells . caused by Philadelphia Chromosome, where bone marrow makes Tyrosine Kinase that causes too many Stem cells to become WBC (granulocytes or Blasts) treated by : tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) |
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Lymphoma - Hodgkin Disease: |
disease in the lymph system that can spread to tissues, begins a enlarged lymph nodes in the Cervical neck Region , diagnostic show giant cells in the lymph node called REED-Sternberg Cells. curable by radiation and chemo |
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Lymphoma - Non Hodgkin disease |
same as Hodgkin disease BUT does not show Reed-Sternberg Cells, and it is more common than hodgkin disease and has higher mortality rate. Curable by chemo or bne marrow transplantation |
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Multiple Myeloma |
cancer in Bone marrow |
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Anaphylactic reaction |
Severe allergy reaction could lead to death. treated by immediate admin of epinephrine (adrenaline ) , or O2, antihistamine, and corticosteroid. caused by drugs especialy penicellin vaccine, food and some venon. |
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Delayed Hypersensitivity reaction |
involves the Tcells and takes more than 12 hours to develop. Eg: plant irritant like poison ivy... |
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Urticiria - hives |
skin rash last long could be autoimmune reaction , acute viral infection.or sometime sun light |
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Immunodeficiency |
any failure in the immune system eg: AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) |
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Angioedema |
Rapid swelling or (Edema) of the Dermis of subcutanious tissue |
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Intrinsic Factor |
a substance produced in the stomach that aid in the absorbtion of B12, necessary in the amnufaturing of RBC. lack of intrinsic would cause Pernicious Anemia. |
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Petechiae |
pinpoint, purplish -red spot caused by bleeding within the skin |
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Sjogren syndrome |
Autoimmune disease involve the disfunction of the Exocrine Gland effecting the secration of tears saliva, and could lead to Dry mounth, tooth decay, corneal damage .. |
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Systemic lupus erythematus |
inflammatory disease of connectie tisse like skin,, patients are sensitive to light and may have a butterfly shaped rash ove the nose and cheeks |
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CD4-T Lymphocyte count |
count of T Cells that has the CD4 receptors fo HIV .if count is less than 200 per micro L ,of blood that would signify severe Immunodeficiency |
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Plasmin (or Fibrinolysin) |
an enzyme that dissolve clots |
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Neutropenia |
A decrease in the nb of Neutrophils with increase susceptibility to infection, could be cause by drugsm irradiation or side effect of a treatment for malignancy |
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pancytopenia |
A decrease in ALL the blood cells as in Aplastic anemia |
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Polycythemia |
any condition in which there is a relative Increase in the % of RBC in the whole blood. may result from excessive production of RBC because of lack of O2caused by high altitude , heart failure... |
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polycythemia vera |
overactivity of bone marrow causes high production of RBC |
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Septicemia |
presence of MicroOrganism in the blood |
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Von Willebrand disease |
a hereditary bleeding due to lack of von Willebrand factor , a substance necessary for blood cloting |
