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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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brain
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major portion of the central nervous system.
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cerebrum
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largest portion of the brain, divided into left and right hemispheres. The cerebrum controls the skeletal muscles, interprets general senses (such as termperature, pain, and touch), and contains centers for sight and hearing. Intellect, memory, and emotional reactions also take place in the cerebrum.
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ventricles
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spaces within the brain that contain a fluid called the cerebrospinal fluid. The cerebrospinal fluid flows through the subarachnoid space around the brain and spinal cord.
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cerebellum
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located under the posterior portion of the cerebrum. Its function is to assist in the coordination of skeletal muscles and to maintain balance. (hindbrain)
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brainstem
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stemlike portion of the brain that connects with the spinal cord. Ten of the 12 cranial nerves originate in the brainstem.
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pons
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literally means bridge. It connects the cerebellum and brainstem.
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medulla oblangota
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located between the pons and spinal cord. It contains centers that control respiration, heart rate, and the muscles in the blood vessel walls, which assist in determining blood pressure.
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midbrain
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most superior portion of the brainstem.
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cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
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clear, colorless fluid contained in the ventricles that flows through the subarchnoid space around the brain and spinal cord. It cushions the brain and spinal cord from shock, transports nutrients, and clears metabolic waste.
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spinal cord
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passes through the vertebral canal extending from the medulla oblongata to the level of the second lumbar vertebra. The spinal cord connects nerve impulses to and from the brain and initiates reflex action to sensory information without input from the brain.
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meninges
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three layers of membrane that cover the brain and spinal cord.
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dura mater
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tough outer layer of the meninges
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arachnoid
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delicate middle layer of the meninges. The arachnoid membrane is loosely attached to the pia mater by weblike fibers, which allow for the subarachnoid space.
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pia mater
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thin inner layer of the meninges.
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nerve
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cordlike layers of membrane that cover the brain and spinal cord.
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ganglion (pl. ganglia)
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group of nerve cell bodies located outside the central nervous system.
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