Med Term 2 Chapter 11

Front 1

an/o

Back 1

anus

Front 2

antr/o

Back 2

antrum

Front 3

cec/o

Back 3

cecum

Front 4

col/o, colon/o

Back 4

colon (large intestine)

Front 5

duoden/o

Back 5

duodenum

Front 6

enter/o

Back 6

intestine (small intestine)

Front 7

esophag/o

Back 7

esophagus

Front 8

gastr/o

Back 8

stomach

Front 9

ile/o

Back 9

ileum

Front 10

jejun/o

Back 10

jejunum

Front 11

or/o, stomat/o

Back 11

mouth

Front 12

proct/o, rect/o

Back 12

rectum

Front 13

sigmoid/o

Back 13

sigmoid colon

Front 14

abdomen/o, celi/o, lapar/o

Back 14

abdomen, abdominal cavity

Front 15

append/o, appendic/o

Back 15

appendix

Front 16

cheil/o

Back 16

lip

Front 17

cholangi/o

Back 17

bile duct

Front 18

chol/e

Back 18

gall, bile

Front 19

choledoch/o

Back 19

common bile duct

Front 20

diverticul/o

Back 20

diverticulum, or blind pouch, extending from a hollow organ

Front 21

gingiv/o

Back 21

gum

Front 22

gloss/o, lingu/o

Back 22

tongue

Front 23

hepat/o

Back 23

liver

Front 24

herni/o

Back 24

hernia, or protrusion of an organ through a membrane or cavity wall

Front 25

palat/o

Back 25

palate

Front 26

pancreat/o

Back 26

pancreas

Front 27

peritone/o

Back 27

peritoneum

Front 28

polyp/o

Back 28

polyp, small growth

Front 29

pylor/o

Back 29

pylorus, pyloric sphincter

Front 30

sial/o

Back 30

saliva, salivary gland

Front 31

steat/o

Back 31

fat

Front 32

uvul/o

Back 32

uvula

Front 33

hemi-

Back 33

half

Front 34

-pepsia

Back 34

digestion

Front 35

adhesion

Back 35

abnormal growing together of two peritoneal surfaces that normally are separated ; may occur after abdominal surgery

Front 36

celiac disease

Back 36

malabsorption syndrome caused by an immune reaction to gluten, which may damage the lining of the small intestine that is responsible for absorption of food into the bloodstream

Front 37

cirrhosis

Back 37

chronic disease of the liver with gradual destruction of cells and formation of scar tissue; commonly caused by alcoholism and certain types of viral hepatitis

Front 38

Crohn disease

Back 38

chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract usually affecting the ileum and colon; characterized by cobblestone ulcerations and the formation of scar tissue that may lead to intestinal obstruction

Front 39

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Back 39

abnormal backward flow of the gastrointestinal contents into the esophagus, causing heartburn and the gradual breakdown of the mucous barrier of the esophagus

Front 40

hemochromatosis

Back 40

iron metabolism disorder that occurs when too much iron is absorbed from food, resulting in excessive deposits of iron in the tissue; can cause heart failure, diabetes, cirrhosis, or cancer of the liver

Front 41

hemorrhoids

Back 41

swollen or distended veins in the rectal area, which may be internal or external, and can be a source of rectal bleeding and pain

Front 42

ileus

Back 42

non-mechanical obstruction of the intestine, often caused by failure of peristalsis

Front 43

intussusception

Back 43

telescoping of a segment of the intestine

Front 44

irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Back 44

periodic disturbances of bowel function, such as diarrhea and/or constipation, usually associated with abdominal pain

Front 45

obesity

Back 45

excess of body fat (not body weight)

Front 46

peptic ulcer

Back 46

erosion of the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum associated with increased secretion of acid from the stomach, bacterial infection, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Front 47

polyp

Back 47

tumorlike growth extending outward from a mucous membrane; usually benign; common sites are in the nose, throat, and intestines

Front 48

ulcerative colitis

Back 48

inflammation of the colon with the formation of ulcers that produces bloody diarrhea

Front 49

volvulus

Back 49

twisting or kinking of the intestine, causing intestinal obstruction

Front 50

abdominoperineal resection (A&P resection)

Back 50

removal of the distal colon and rectum through both abdominal and perineal approaches; performed to treat colorectal cancer and inflammatory diseases of the lower large intestine; the patient will have a colostomy

Front 51

anastomosis (pl. anastomoses)

Back 51

connection created by surgically joining two structures, such as blood vessels or bowel segments

Front 52

bariatric surgery

Back 52

surgical reduction of gastric capacity to treat morbid obesity, a condition which can cause serious illness

Front 53

hemorrhoidectomy

Back 53

excision of hemorrhoids, the swollen or distended veins in the rectal region

Front 54

vagotomy

Back 54

cutting of certain branched of the vagus nerve, performed with gastric surgery to reduce the amount of gastric acid produced and thus reduce he recurrence of ulcers

Front 55

abdominal sonography

Back 55

ultrasound test of the abdominal cavity in which the size and structure or organs such as the aorta, liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, and pancreas can be visualized; may also be used to evaluate the kidneys and the portion of the aorta extending through the abdominal cavity

Front 56

barium enema (BE)

Back 56

series of radiographic images taken of the large intestine after the contrast agent barium has been administered

Front 57

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

Back 57

endoscopic procedure involving radiographic imaging of the biliary ducts and pancreatic ducts with contrast media, and fluoroscopy; used to evaluate and diagnose obstructions, strictures, stone disease, pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer

Front 58

upper GI (gastrointestinal) series

Back 58

series of radiographic images taken of the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and duodenum after the contrast agent barium has been administered orally

Front 59

endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)

Back 59

procedure using an endoscope fitted with and ultra sound probe that provides images of layers of the intestinal wall; used to detect tumors and cystic growths and for staging of malignant tumors

Front 60

fecal occult blood test (FOBT)

Back 60

test to detect occult blood in feces; used to screen for colon cancer or polyps

Front 61

helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) antibodies test

Back 61

blood test to determine the presence of H pylori bacteria; the bacteria can be found in the lining of the stomach and can cause peptic ulcers

Front 62

ascites

Back 62

abnormal collection of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Front 63

diarrhea

Back 63

frequent discharge of liquid stool

Front 64

dysentery

Back 64

disorder that involves inflammation of the intestine associated with diarrhea and abdominal pain

Front 65

emesis

Back 65

expelling matter from the stomach through the mouth

Front 66

feces

Back 66

waste from the digestive tract expelled through the rectum

Front 67

flatus

Back 67

gas in the digestive tract or expelled through the anus

Front 68

gastric lavage

Back 68

washing out the stomach

Front 69

gavage

Back 69

process of feeding a person through a nasogastric tube

Front 70

hematemesis

Back 70

vomiting of blood

Front 71

hematochezia

Back 71

passage of bloody feces

Front 72

malabsorption

Back 72

impaired digestion or intestinal absorption of nutrients

Front 73

melena

Back 73

black, tarry stool that contains digested blood; usually a result of bleeding in the upper GI tract

Front 74

nausea

Back 74

urge to vomit

Front 75

palpate

Back 75

to examine by hand; to feel

Front 76

peristalsis

Back 76

involuntary wavelike contractions that propel food along the digestive tract

Front 77

reflux

Back 77

abnormal backward flow; in esophageal reflux, the stomach contents flow back into the esophagus

Front 78

stoma

Back 78

surgical opening between an organ and the surface of the body, such as the opening established in the abdominal wall by colostomy, ileostomy, or a similar operation; may also refer to an opening created between body structures or between portions of the intestines

Front 79

vomiting

Back 79

expelling matter from the stomach through the mouth

Front 80

A&P resection

Back 80

abdominoperineal resection

Front 81

BE

Back 81

barium enema

Front 82

EGD

Back 82

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

Front 83

ERCP

Back 83

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Front 84

EUS

Back 84

endoscopic ultrasound

Front 85

FOBT

Back 85

fecal occult blood test

Front 86

GERD

Back 86

gastroesophageal reflux disease

Front 87

GI

Back 87

gastrointestinal

Front 88

H. pylori

Back 88

Helicobacter pylori

Front 89

IBS

Back 89

irritable bowel syndrome

Front 90

N&V

Back 90

nausea and vomiting

Front 91

PEG

Back 91

percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

Front 92

UGI

Back 92

upper gastrointestinal

Front 93

UPPP

Back 93

uvulopalatopharyngoplasty