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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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oral medication
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most economical easiest to administer most common solids or liquids food may decrease therapeutic effect |
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tablet
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powdered medication molded into shapes
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caplets
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elongated tablets coated to ease swallowing
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when can you split a tablet
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when it has indented markings designed to cut and deliver 1/2 or 1/4 pill breaking an un-scored tablet may result in unintentional overdose. |
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enteric-coated tablets
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special coating protects against gastric secretions NEVER crush EC tablets, defeats the purpose |
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which tablets do you never crush
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enteric coated tablets time or extended release capsules |
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layered tablets
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layers or cores of two meds with different compatibilities or absorption components
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Time release or extended release
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released over a period of time labeled SA, LA, XL, SR, or ER NEVER crush, chew, or break (if Dr wants you to open it he has to write it out) |
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capsules
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contains powder, liquid, or oil with hard/soft gelatin coating NEVER crush, chew, or break without consulting a pharmacist. |
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troches and lozenges
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a small medicated lozenge designed to dissolve slowly in the mouth
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oral liquids are for
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clients with dysphagia or a nasogastric, or gastrostomy tube, infants, young children
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elixir (oral liquid)
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meds dissolved in alcohol and water
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suspension
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meds dissolved in water
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syrup
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meds dissolved in sugar and water
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Big NO's for oral
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NEVER give oral liquids by IV-FATAL DO NOT confuse dosage strength with total volume |
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sublingual and buccal
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under the tongue back moist area of the mouth |
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powder and effervescent
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mix with liquids and take as soon as it dissolves
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contradictions of oral route
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patient has alterations in GI function patient can't swallow patient has gastric suction some tests or surgery |
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how to give oral meds
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Most patients are able to give themselves, food may delay absorption assess for gag reflex, state of consciousness, presence of nausea or vomiting protect patient from aspiration make sure the patient swallows the pills do NOT leave pills at bedside |
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points to remember about tablets and capsules
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capsules are administered whole tablets are available in different strengths it's safer to give whole tablets equal to the dose than to cut max number of tablets or capsules used to deliver a dose is usually 3 (exception is some HIV meds) |
