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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anti-CTLA4 |
reduces T cell regulatory, incr. immune response S/E = autoimmune dz |
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Anti-CTLA4 used for |
metastatic melanoma |
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CTLA4 agonists |
increase T cell regulatory approved for Rx of rheumatoid arthritis |
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Anti PD-1, PDL-1, PDL-2 MOA |
programmed cell death; reduces T reg so increases the immune response |
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Anti PD-1 Rx |
metastatic non small cell lung cancer, metastatic melanoma |
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Interleukin-2 |
stimulates lymphocytes |
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Interferon |
increase immune response to infection & cancer S/E = symptoms of viral infection |
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Hypomethylating agents |
increase tumor suppressor, useful in myelodysplasia
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Methylation in Glioblastoma |
methylation of MGMT reduces expression of MGMT, making chemotherapy more effective & prognosis improved |
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Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDAC) |
express genes that may stop tumor suppressors = useful in T cell lymphoma |
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EGFR |
epidermal growth factor, transmembrane protein |
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other names for EGFR |
EGFR1, ERB1, HER1 |
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EGFR inside drugs |
tyrosine kinase inhibitors = nibs |
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EGFR activation = |
apoptosis resistance, proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis |
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Adenocarcinoma of lung with EGFR mutation |
most prevalent in Asia, women, non-smokers erlotinib treatment |
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EML4/ALK translocation causing adenocarcinoma of the lung |
more common in non smokers respond to crizotinib |
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Rx stage IV adenocarcinoma lung |
EGFR mutation exon 19, 21 = erlotinib EML4/ALK = crizotinib Squamous or small cell = Pemetrexed |
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KRAS mutation |
colorectal cancer |
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EGFR-targeted monoclonal antibodies in metastatic colorectal cancer |
Cetuximab (chimeric protein), Panitumumab (fully humanized) |
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when KRAS gene is mutation... |
protein is active regardless of EGFR activation 40-45% of colorectal cancer patients don't give EGFR monoclonal antibody |
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Luminal A breast cancer |
strongly estrogen receptor positive responds to anti-hormone therapy |
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Luminal B breast cancer |
weakly estrogen receptor positive give anti-hormone therapy and chemotherapy |
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Basal breast cancer |
Triple negative give chemotherapy |
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Her 2 Neu |
type of breast cancer chromosome 17 overexpression leads to increased cell signaling one of the best prognosis due to targeted Rx |
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prevent proliferation of Her2 |
extracellular antibody, TK inhibitor, prevent dimerization of 2/3, link antibody w/ potent chemo-rx |
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prevent Her2 dimerization |
Pertuzumab |
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Lapatinib |
TK inhibitor: EGFR (Her1) and Her2 |
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side effects of EGFR1 inhibitors |
diarrhea, rash |
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Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) |
monoclonal antibody (anti-Her2) linked w/ potent chemotherapy (Her 2 breast cancer) |
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Her2 is expressed in 20% of |
gastric cancers - use trastuzumab for metastatic gastric cancer, less effective than in breast cancer |
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Tamoxifen (SERM) |
anti-estrogen (breast, ovarian fxn) pro-estrogen (bones, CV, uterus) |
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Anti-VEGF antibodies |
Bevacizumab (VEGF-A), Ramucirumab (VEGFR2) |
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uses of bevacizumab |
colon, lung, glioblastoma, stomach, kidney cancer |
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Soluble VEGF receptors |
VEGF-TRAP, treat colon cancer |
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small-molecule VEGFR inhibitors |
axitinib, pazotinib, sunitinib, sorafenib |
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uses of axitinib, pazotinib, sunitinib, sorafenib |
renal, hepatoma, gastro-intestinal stromal cancers |
