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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Displacement |
The distance travelled in a particular directions from a specified origin. |
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Velocity |
The rate of change of displacement with time. ms^-1 |
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Speed and Distance |
The scalar versions of velocity and displacement. |
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Accelerations |
The rate of change of velocity with time. ms^-2 |
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Instantaneous |
The value or quantity measured at an instant in time. |
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SUVAT Equations |
s = 0.5(u + v)t s = ut + 0.5at^2 v^2 = u^2 + 2as a = (v - u) / t |
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Acceleration due to gravity (g) |
g = 9.8 ms^-2 ( = 10 ms^-2) |
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Terminal Velocity |
When air resistance is equal to the opposing forces (proportional to the speed), results in no net forces and constant velocity. |
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Relative Velocity |
Velocity measured from the point of view of another (moving) object. |
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Weight |
W = mg Measured in Newtons (N). |
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What is a Newton |
The force required to accelerate an object of 1kg by 1 ms^-2. |
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Normal Reaction |
When two objects in contact each exert a force on the other which is perpendicular to the surface. |
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Tension |
A force produced on a body when opposing forces are stretching it. Compression force is the opposite. |
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Upthrust |
An upward force on a body which is immersed in a fluid (liquid or gas). |
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Lift |
An upward force on the wing of an aircraft which due to the airflow around it. |
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Translational Equilibrium |
When the net force of an object is 0 in all directions. |
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Rotational Equilibrium |
When the net torque on an object is 0 about all axes. |
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Newton's First Law |
A body will continue its state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force. |
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Inertia |
The property of matter which makes it resist acceleration. |
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Linear Momentum |
p = mv The product of mass and velocity. Measured in kgms^-1. |
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Impulse |
Impulse = FΔt = mΔv The change in momentum. Measured in Ns. |
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Newton's Second Law |
F = ma = Δp / Δt The rate of change of momentum of an object is proportional to the applied force and takes place in the direction in which the force acts. |
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Newton's Third Law |
When a particle A exerts a force on another particle B, B simultaneously exerts a force on A which is equal and opposite in magnitude. |
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Law of Conservation of Momentum |
The momentum of an isolated system remains constant when no external forces are acting upon it. |
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Work |
Work is done when a force moves an object in the directions of the force. W = Fscos(theta) |
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Joule |
An SI unit of energy. 1J = 1Nm |
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Work done by a non-constant force |
Work is done in the area under the force-distance graph. Eg, Hooke's Law ( W = 0.5kx^2) |
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Energy |
The ability to do work. |
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Kinetic Energy |
Energy of an objects as a result of its motion. E = 0.5mv^2 = p^2 / 2m |
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Gravitational Potential Energy |
Energy an object has as a result of its position in a gravitational field. E = mgΔh |
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Principle of Conservation of Energy |
Energy is never created or destroyed, it just changes from one form to another. |
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Elastic Collisions |
KE is conserved in these collisions. |
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Inelastic Collisions |
KE is not conserved in these collisions. If objects stick together, the collision is perfectly inelastic. |
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Explosive Collisions |
KE is increased in this collision. |
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Power |
P = Fv The rate of doing work. In W (or Js^-1) |
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Efficiency |
Fraction of energy which is usefully transferred. Useful work done / Total work done |
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Centripetal Acceleration |
a = v^2 / r The acceleration of a body moving in a circle. Directed towards the centre of a circle. A body with a centripetal acceleration must be under the influence of a centripetal force. |
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Centripetal Force |
F = mv^2 / r |
