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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is torticollis? Include muscle and nerve involved
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A contracted state of the cervical muscles
SCM spasm – served by CN XI |
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Describe muscle strength grading scale
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0 – No movement
1 – Trace movement 2 – Full ROM, but not against gravity 3 – Full ROM against gravity, not against resistance 4 - Weak 5 - Normal |
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What are the expected findings on inspection of the spine?
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Gentle lumbar lordosis, slight thoracic kyphosis, palpation of spinous processes at midline
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What is the order of the joint examination
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Inspection
Palpation ROM- Active first, then passive if necessary Neuro- Strength, sensation Special tests |
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If the ASIS are uneven on physical exam, what is the next step in evaluating this abnormality? (Name and describe test)
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Measure for true leg length discrepancy
Measured from just below the ASIS to the medial malleolus |
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What special tests of the knee evaluate the meniscus?
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Apley’s Compression & McMurrays
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What special tests of the knee evaluate the cruciate ligaments?
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Drawer tests
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What special tests of the knee evaluate the collateral ligaments?
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Valgus stress test- MCL
Varus stress test- LCL |
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What are the postural signs of pain?
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Guarding
Protective behavior Hands over painful area Distorted posture Movements Rocking, pacing, inability to keep hands still |
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What of the expected changes in VS in a patient with true pain?
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Increase in:
Blood pressure Pulse Respiratory rate and depth |
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What is a nodule on the dorsolateral aspects of the distal interphalanges joint called? With what disease is it associated?
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Heberden’s Nodes, OA
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What is a nodule on the dorsolateral aspects of the proximal interphalanges joint called? With what disease is it associated?
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Bouchard’s Node, RA
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What is the expected position of the tibia in relation to the femur on a normal knee examination?
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Valgus angulation
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What are the signs and symptoms of L4-S1 radiculopathy?
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Dermatomal weakness,paresthesia and/or pain
Can’t walk on toes if L4-5, on heels if L5-S1 Radiation of pain through buttocks, posterior thigh and down leg Diminished knee or ankle DTR |
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What patient position may relieve radicular pain?
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Lying supine
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What is the relationship between Active and Passive ROM?
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Passive ROM ~ 5degrees more than Active
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What Lasegue Sign?
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Raise leg while patient supine
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What is a positive Lasegue sign?
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Pt is unable to raise leg >30° without pain
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What does a positive Lasegue sign indicate?
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Radiculopathy
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What is Yergason test? (Describe)
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Elbow is flexed to 90° and the examiner resists the pt’s active attempts to supinate the arm and flex the elbow
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What is a positive Yergason test indicate?
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Biceps tendon instability or tendonitis
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With regards to muscle strength testing, how do you evaluate: L4
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Oppose dorsiflexion of the foot (walk on heels)
Tibialis anterior |
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With regards to muscle strength testing, how do you evaluate:S1
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Extensor Hallucis Longus Test
Support foot with one hand around heel Oppose dorsiflexion of great toe by pushing on nail bed of great toe. |
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With regards to muscle strength testing, how do you evaluate:L5
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Oppose plantar flexion and eversion of foot (walk on toes/ medial aspect of foot)
Gastrocnemius-Soleus Muscle |
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Define: Bursa
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Sac or saclike cavity filled with a viscid fluid
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Define: Range of Motion
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The angel, measured in degrees of a circle, through which a joint can be manipulated
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Define: Sprain
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Injury to a ligament when the joint is forced through a ROM greater than normal
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Define: Strain
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An overstretching or overexertion of the musculotendinous unit
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Define: Osteoarthritis
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Noninflammatory disorder of movable joints
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Define: Rheumatoid arthritis
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Chronic, systemic inflammatory disorder of joints
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