Md2 Block1 Genetics Intro Part A

Front 1

Classification of genetic disorders

Back 1

1 single-gene disorders (autosomal dominant/recessive; X-linked);
2. Chromosome disorders
3. Multifactorial disorders

**(4. Acquired somatic genetic diseases)

Front 2

Cytogenetics:

Back 2

study of chromosomes

Front 3

Genes
are in linear order along chromosomes; each gene having a precise position (____); gene map  map of the location of genes on chromosome (characteristic of ea. species)

Back 3

locus

Front 4

Cell Division
G1

Back 4

(no DNA synthesis occurs);

Front 5

G0 is ___________ phase;

Back 5

quiescent

Front 6

(R) of G1 is the restriction point

Back 6

stops the cycle under conditions unfavorable to the cell;
mitosis is shortest stage of cell cycle;
....

Hint 6

G1 is followed by S phase (stage of DNA synthesis);
sister chromatids are held together at centromere (a region of DNA that associates w/ a number of specific proteins to form the kinetochore;

Front 7

G1 is followed by S phase (stage of -----------------;
sister chromatids are held together at centromere (a region of DNA that associates w/ a number of specific proteins to form the kinetochore;

Back 7

DNA synthesis)

Front 8

G2 is when

Back 8

chromosomes begin to condense and ends by mitosis;
cells of dermis of skin divide rapidly;

neurons and RBCs are permenantly arrested in G0

Front 9

neurons and RBCs are permenantly arrested in ___

Back 9

G0

Front 10

Meiosis: diploid cells of germline give rise to

Back 10

haploid gametes;

Front 11

Mitosis:

phases

Back 11

prophase,
pro-metaphase,
metaphase,
anaphase,
telophase;


Metaphase or Prometaphase are best times to =

Hint 11

observe chromosomes

Front 12

chiasmata  sites of

Back 12

Crossing over (in

Hint 12

Prophase I)

Front 13

meiosis I is

Back 13

reduction division
(chromo. number is reduced from diploid to haploid

by the pairing of homologs in prophase & by their segregation to different cells at anaphase of meiosis I);

Front 14

Nucleic Acids: purines

(adenine and guanine) have __ rings

Back 14

2

Front 15

pyrimidines (cytosine, thymine, and uracil) have __ ring

Back 15

1

Front 16

chargaff’s rules  total purines equals total pyrimidines (allows us to calculate % of any

Back 16

nitrogen base if given the % of one of them

Front 17

axis to form a helix (twist every __ bp);

Back 17

10

Front 18

-formation of chromosome: starts as

Back 18

nucleosome

(DNA wrapped around histone

Front 19

-Topoisomerase I 

Back 19

relaxes supercoils; single strand break (no energy required)

Front 20

-Topoisomerase II  can introduce negative supercoiling into

Back 20

DNA; double strand break (requires ATP)