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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of the foll. substances is released from GI tract neurons and produces smooth muscle relaxation?
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a. secretin
b. gastrin c. CCK d. VIP e. GIP |
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Which of the foll. is the stie of secretion of IF?
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a. gastric antrum
b. gastric fundus c. duodenum d. ileum e. colon |
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Vibrio Cholerae causes diarrhea because it
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a. increases bicarb secretory channels in intestinal epithelial cells
b. increases Cl secretory channels in crypt cells c. prevents the absorption of glucose and causes water to be retained in the intestinal lumen isoosmotically d. inhibits cAMP production in intestinal epithelial cells e. inhibits IP3 production in intestinal epithelial cells |
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Cholera toxin causes diarrhea because it
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a. increases bicarb. secretory channels in intestinal epithelial cells
b. increases Cl- secretory channels in crypt cells c. prevents the absorption of glucose and causes water to be retained in the intestinal lumen isosmotically. d. inhibits cAMP production in intestinal epithelial cells e. inhibits IP3 production in intestinal epithelial cells |
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CCK has some gastrin-like properties because both CCK and Gastrin
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a. are released from G cells in the stomach
b. are released from I cells in the duodenum c. are members of the secretin-homologous family d. have 5 identical C-terminal amino acids e. have 90% homology of their amino acids |
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Which of the following is transported in intestinal epithelial cells by a Na-dependent cotransport process?
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a. Fatty acids
b. Triglycerides c. Fructose d. Alanine e. Oligopeptides |
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A patient with severe Crohn's disease has been unresponsive to drug therapy and undergoes ileal resection. After the surgery, he will have steatorrhea because
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a. the liver bile acid pool increases
b. chylomicrons do not form in the intestinal lumen c. micelles do not form in the intestinal lumen d. dietary triglycerides cannot be digested e. the pancreas does not secrete lipase |
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CCK inhibits
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a. gastric emptying
b. pancreatic bicarbonate secretion c. pancreatic enzyme secretion d. contraction of the gallbladder e. relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi |
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Which of the following abolishes "receptive relaxation" of the stomach?
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a. parasympathetic stimulation
b. sympathetic stimulation c. Vagotomy d. administration of gastrin e. administration of VIP f. administration of CCK |
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Secretion of which of the following substances is inhibited by low pH?
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a. Secretin
b. Gastrin c. CCK d. VIP e. GIP |
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Which of the following is the site of secretion of gastrin?
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a. Gastric antrum
b. Gastric fundus c. Duodenum d. Ileum e. Colon |
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Micelle formation is necessary for the intestinal absorption of
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a. glycerol
b. galactose c. leucine d. bile acids e. vitamin b12 f. vitamin D |
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Which of the following changes occurs during defecation
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a. internal anal sphincter is relaxed
b. external anal sphincter is contracted c. rectal smooth muscle is relaxed d. intra-abdominal pressure is lower than when at rest e. segmentation contractions predominate |
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Which of the foll. is characteristic of saliva?
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a. hypotonicity relative to plasma
b. a lower bicarb concen. than plasma c. presence of proteases d. secretion rate that is increased by vagotomy e. modification by the salivary ductal cells involves reabsorption of K and HCO3 |
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Which of the foll is secreted in response to an oral glucose load
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a. secretin
b. gastrin c. CCK d. VIP e. GIP |
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Which of the foll. is true about secretion of the endocrine pancreas
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a. it has a higher Cl- conc. than does plasma
b. it is stimulated by the presence of HCO3 in the duodenum c. Pancreatic HCO3- secretion is increased by gastrin d. Pancreatic enzyme secretion is increased by CCK e. it is hypotonic |
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Which of the foll. substances must be further digested before it can be absorbed by specific carries in intestinal cells?
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a. fructose
b. sucrose c. alanine d. dipeptides e. tripeptides |
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Slow waves in the small intestinal smooth muscle cells are
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a. APs
b. phasic contractions c. tonic contractions d. oscillating resting membrane potentials e. oscillating release of CCK |
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Peristalsis of the small intestine
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a. mixes the food bolus
b. is coordinated by the CNS c. involves contracton of smooth muscle behind and in front of the food bolus d. involves contraction of smooth muscle behind the food bolus and relaxation of smooth muscle in front of the bolus e. involves relaxation of smooth muscle simultaneously throughout the small intestine |
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A patient with a duodenal ulcer is treated successfully with the drug cimetidine. The basis for cimetidine's inhibition of gastric H+ secretion is that it
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a. blocks muscarinic receptors on parietal cells
b. blocks H2 receptors of parietal cells c. increases intracellular cAMP levels d. block H,K-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) e. enhances the action of acetylcholine (ACh) on parietal cells |
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Which of the following substances inhibits gastric emptying?
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a. secretin
b. gastrin c. CCK d. VIP e. GIP |
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When parietal cells are stimulated, they secrete
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a. HCl and IF
b. HCl and pepsinogen c. HCl and HCO3- d. HCO3- and IF e. mucus and pepsinogen |
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A patient with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome would be expected to have which of the following changes?
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a. decr. serum gastrin levels
b. incr. serum insulin levels c. incr. absorption of dietary lipids d. decr. parietal cell mass e. peptic ulcer disease |
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Which of the following is the site of Na+ -bile acid cotransport?
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a. gastric antrum
b. gastric fundus c. duodenum d. ileum e. colon |
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1. D
2. B 3. B 4. D 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. F 12. A 13. A |
14. E
15. D 16. B 17. D 18. D 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. E 23. D |
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Regarding salivary secretion and swallowing:
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a) The food bolus is propelled down the esophagus by segmentation movements.
b) The pH of saliva rises as its rate of secretion increases. c) Swallowing is a purely voluntary activity. d) Hormones are more important than nerves in the regulation of salivary secretion. |
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Regarding the control of gastric secretion:
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a) Gastric acid is secreted by parietal cells of the gastric glands in response to hormonal stimulation.
b) Most of the acid and pepsinogen secreted by the stomach occurs during the intestinal phase of gastric secretion. c) Gastric secretion does not begin until food enters the stomach. d) Secretin secreted by the duodenum stimulates gastric secretion. |
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Regarding gastric motility:
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a) Gastric emptying is inhibited by the enterogastric reflex.
b) The antral region of the stomach is important for the storage of food. c) Contractions of the stomach wall do not begin until food enters the stomach. d) The contractions of the stomach depend on activity in the vagus nerve. |
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Regarding pancreatic secretion:
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a) Pancreatic secretion is inhibited by gastrin secreted by the G cells of the antrum.
b) Pancreatic acinar cells contain trypsin. c) Cholecystokinin inhibits secretion from the exocrine pancreas. d) The introduction of acid into the duodenum stimulates pancreatic secretion. |
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Regarding the bile:
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a) Bile is diluted in the gall bladder.
b) Bile salts are hydrophobic molecules. c) Most bile salts are absorbed in the terminal ileum. d) Bile salts are the breakdown products of hemoglobin. |
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Regarding digestion and absorption by the small intestine:
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a) Intestinal digestive enzymes are secreted by cells of the crypts of Lieberkuhn.
b) About half of the digested carbohydrate is absorbed in the small intestine. c) Small peptides are absorbed in the small intestine. d) The liver is the first organ to receive the digestion products of dietary fats. |
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Regarding gastro-intestinal function:
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a) The presence of large amounts of fat in the chyme will accelerate gastric emptying.
b) Distension of the ileum stimulates gastric motility. c) Total gastrectomy leads to malabsorption of vitamin B12. d) Aldosterone inhibits the absorption of sodium and water by the large intestine. |
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answers
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b
a a d c c c |
