Mcom

Front 1

Four management function

Back 1

-plan
-organize
-control/monitor
-lead

Front 2

Plan

Back 2

Be proactive. Listen and remain aware of what's happening in your organization, filed and society at large--and then take action.

Involve employees in planning and decision making.

Front 3

Organizing

Back 3

ID roles, responsibilities and clearly communicate and enforce.

Provide training and development.

Front 4

Controlling

Back 4

ID and communicate evaluation factors/measurement

Gather document and review performance. Remain aware.

Resolve performance violations timely. Solve problems without hurting relationships or morale.

Front 5

Leading

Back 5

Organizational mission and vision, ensuring employee buy-in.

Build relationships of trust

Provide supportive environment that fosters growth, productivity and encouragement.

Front 6

Special communication challenges

Back 6

-disabled
physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities
-international audiences
Consider
1. background
2. people
3. customs and courtesies
-nonverbal comms differences
4. lifestyle
5. society

Front 7

Effective teams

Back 7

-all members participate
-opposing ideas welcomed
-members show respect by listening carefully to each other

Front 8

Ineffective teams

Back 8

-most assertive, fastest-thinking, and loudest members get all the air time
-opposing ideas are seen as unwanted conflict
-people show disrespect and interrupt each other
-secretive talk
-decisions finalized by vocal few or simple majority

Front 9

3 approaches to collaborative writing

Back 9

1. all write together (slow, inefficient and frustrating
2. assign parts to different members (efficient, quick turnaround; produces dif. styles)
3. Assign one person to draft entire doc (inequitable, longer to generate first draft; consistent style)

Front 10

PERT chart

Back 10

process diagrams and are sometimes preferred over Gantt for complex projects bc they show sequences, interrelationships and critical paths in the process.

Front 11

Gantt

Back 11

A horizontal bar chart that shows:
-projected completion times and
-actual completion times

Front 12

Why meetings fail

Back 12

poor planning before meeting
poor management during
poor followup after

Front 13

3 meeting tracks

Back 13

Task track (what and why aspects)
Procedure track (focuses on the how)
Relationship track (focuses on the who--addresses feelings)

Front 14

Interpersonal comms

Back 14

phone calls
meetings
conversations

Front 15

written comms

Back 15

e-mail
memo
report

Front 16

when you use oral presentation

Back 16

meetings
training sessions
professional conferences

Front 17

Positive listening behaviors

Back 17

be responsive (nonverbal and verbal)
don't interrupt
reflective listening

Front 18

traits of trusted people

Back 18

honest and ethical
fill their responsibilities
produce good-quality work
team oriented
careful decision makers
guided by sound principles
emotionally stable
sensitive to the feelings of others

Front 19

Categories of etiquette

Back 19

general
meeting people
dress and grooming
table manners
conversation

Front 20

COWD

Back 20

Content
Organization
Writing
Design

Front 21

Three purposes of writing

Back 21

Inform
Persuade
Build trust

Front 22

Audience analysis

Back 22

Audience: basic nature, character, personality, professional goals and objectives, self-perception.

Message: consider how much they know about the subject matter, how they feel about it.

Messenger: Find out how much the audience knows about you and how they feel about you.

Front 23

Communication channels

Back 23

Face-to-face
Phone
Text message
E-mail
Instant message
Podcasts
Video

Front 24

Top-down Outlining

Back 24

Traditional-fist list main elements and the list supporting elements beneath

Tree structure-graphic representation of info to be included in your message.

Mind map-also graphic representation, bubble in the middle.

Front 25

Bottom-up Outlining

Back 25

Free listing:

1. thinking about all info bits you might include in your doc.
2. classifying listed items into categories.
3. Sequencing the categories.

Front 26

5 steps of outline testing:

Back 26

1. presence
2. absense
3. horizontal
4. vertical
5. wording

Front 27

ethos

Back 27

aspect or strategies in writing that impresses the reader/audience with the authority or credibility of the writer. ("the national center for health recommends all adults over fifty receive a flue shot.")

Front 28

logos

Back 28

Aspect of the text that appeals to the rational side of the reader. ("getting a flu shot will help prevent widespread absenteeism during one of the busiest times in our organization.")

Front 29

ethos

Back 29

means convincing by the character of the author. We tend to believe people whom we respect. One of the central problems of argumentation is to project an impression to the reader that you are someone worth listening to, in other words making yourself as author into an authority on the subject of the paper, as well as someone who is likable and worthy of respect.

Front 30

Direct/indirect strategy

Back 30

inform vs. persuade

Front 31

top down, bottom up writing structure

Back 31

top: main idea at the beginning
bottom: main idea at the end

Front 32

OABC

Back 32

opening
agenda
body
closing

Front 33

agendas-four "musts"

Back 33

quantify
identify
organize
symbolize

Front 34

CLOUD

Back 34

(paragraphs)
coherence
length
organization
unity
development

Front 35

HATS

Back 35

header
art
typography
spacing

Front 36

three I's of visuals

Back 36

introduce
insert
interpret

Front 37

raster

Back 37

pixels

Front 38

vector

Back 38

computer formula

Front 39

CARBS

Back 39

Contrast
Alignment
Repetition
Balance
Space

Front 40

monochromatic

Back 40

simplest color harmony and consists of using different values of the same color. various tints or shades of blue would be considered monochromatic

Front 41

analogous

Back 41

consists of two colors that are adjacent on the color wheel, such as blue and blue green.

Front 42

triad

Back 42

refers to colors that lie at the points of a triangle. red, yellow and blue represent a triad combination.

Front 43

Complementary

Back 43

brings together the colors directly across from each other on the color wheel.

Front 44

tint

Back 44

adding white to any color

Front 45

shade

Back 45

adding black to any color

Front 46

reviewing rules for writers

Back 46

1. describe the audience
2. explain the purpose of the writing
3. explain the strategy used in the message
4. invite feedback, always being open to suggestions and avoiding defensiveness

Front 47

reviewing rules for reviewer

Back 47

1. Understand who the audience is and what the goals are
2. Review areas of strength and areas needing improvement
3. Give feedback in helpful, positive way

Front 48

Reviewing paragraphs

Back 48

do O first and then CLUD

Front 49

8 sentence guidelines

Back 49

1. use clear, specific subjects
2. keep verbs close to their subjects
3. Use active and passive verbs appropriately
4. Place modifying words and phrases close to the words they modify
5. Avoid dangling (ambiguous) modifiers)
6. use adjectives and adverbs correctly
7. Use words of the same part of speech after parallel connectives
8. use parallel parts of speech for words in a series

Front 50

6 sentence principles

Back 50

1. contribution
2. cohesion
3. structure
4. conciseness
5. tone
6. variety

Front 51

good-news delivery

Back 51

give the news right up front

Front 52

routine message delivery

Back 52

give the main idea

Front 53

sales message delivery

Back 53

grab the reader's attention

Front 54

bad-news delivery

Back 54

indirect approach that saves the bad news until later in the message

Front 55

simplified style delivery

Back 55

use when you're writing to a group or when the recipient's name is gender neutral.

Front 56

Application letter opening paragraph

Back 56

explain the purpose for your communication--if you use OABC, use an agenda

Front 57

application letter middle paragraph

Back 57

explain how your education, experience and attributes qualify you for employment

Front 58

application letter last paragraph

Back 58

ask for an interview and indicate you'll call

Front 59

PAR

Back 59

Problem, action, result stories that show positive qualities

Front 60

guidelines for interviewers

Back 60

1. take good notes and record your impressions
2. prepare questions advance, review resume in advance. don't ask questions answered in the resume
3. start out with a brief warm-up phase
4. avoid illegal questions
5. Use closed and open questions effectively
6. use behavioral questions appropriately
8. be a good listener

Front 61

follow-up messages

Back 61

include:
1. a sincere thanks
2. something about the interview
3. a statement or two reaffirming your interest in working for the organization

Front 62

truncated words

Back 62

words with one or more of their last letters omitted

Front 63

wild cards

Back 63

a question mark or an asterisk

Front 64

Boolean operators

Back 64

AND, OR and NOT

Front 65

validity

Back 65

research must measure what it purports to measure

Front 66

Reliability

Back 66

resesarch must be repeatable with consistent results

Front 67

sampling types

Back 67

random, stratified random, systematic random

Front 68

question types

Back 68

closed
either/or
restricted multiple choice
unrestricted multiple choice
ranking
rating
open-ended

Front 69

Cause and effect analysis

Back 69

know the difference between causes and symptoms

Front 70

fishbone diagram

Back 70

show cause-and-effect relationships between problem symptoms and causes

Front 71

Steps of group brainstorming

Back 71

1. select the group
2. select a facilitator
3. select one or two recorders
4. conduct session

Front 72

two styles of thinking in brainstorming

Back 72

first divergent
second convergent

Front 73

evaluation of brainstorming

Back 73

1. organize and refine the list
2. establish evaluation criteria
3. weight the criteria
4. objectively select the best ideas

Front 74

decision table

Back 74

compares alternatives according to important criteria

Front 75

force-field analysis

Back 75

draw a large "t" on a page, write the goal above. on the left, list the forces that will help; on the right, list the forces that will hinder implementation

Front 76

direct/indirect proposal

Back 76

direct-use with solicited proposals
indirect-use with unsolicited proposals

Front 77

RFP

Back 77

Request for proposal

Front 78

basic decision process

Back 78

a: understanding the problem
b: identifying alternative solutions
c: deciding on the factors and criteria to use as a basis for the decision
d: evaluating the alternatives
e: deciding which alternative is best

Front 79

periodic repors

Back 79

written on a regular basis.

Front 80

progress reports

Back 80

give an update on the status of an ongoing project

Front 81

problem-solving reports

Back 81

generally one-time reports that focus on a unique situation

Front 82

compliance reports

Back 82

indicate whether an organization or unit is complying with legal or management policies

Front 83

short reports guidelines

Back 83

1. give adequate background information regarding the context of the problem
2. in most cases, use a direct report
3. ID the critical factors to be considered in solving the problem
4. define and introduce alternative solutions to the problem arranged in an appropriate sequence
5. evaluate the alternatives, using factor-by-alternative or alternative-by-factor
6. include a decision matrix showing the results of your evaluation

Front 84

elements of a long report

Back 84

1. cover letter
2. title page
3. table of contents
4. executive summary
5. report
6. references
7. appendix

Front 85

things to consider when preparing for an oral presentation

Back 85

occasion (kind of occasion and time expectation)

audience (size, knowledge/interest in topic, challenges/needs, expectations)

Place (location, room characteristics, equipment, etc.)

Front 86

two factors that cause speakers to go voertime

Back 86

1. adding new information
2. not preparing well

Front 87

types of oral presentations

Back 87

1. memorized-the presentation is written in full text and memorized
2. manuscript-presentation written in full but then read verbatim
3. extemporaneous-outline created in advance, followed during spontaneous delivery (most common management)
4. impromptu- almost no time to prepare

Front 88

purposes of oral presentations

Back 88

inform: "how" and "what," OABC format--use a mix of all types of learning
persuade:clarify goal; analyze audience's values, needs interests, goals and concerns; select a strategy

Front 89

Monroe's five-step sequence

Back 89

Attention
Need
Satisfaction
Visualization
Action

Front 90

Aristotle

Back 90

Logos, ethos, pathos

Front 91

Rank persuasion model

Back 91

intensifying and downplaying (emphasize your strengths, downplay your weaknesses; emphasize other proposals' weaknesses, downplay their strengths)

Front 92

four conditions of Graber's theory

Back 92

1. audience must be open to persuasion
2. presenter must possess relevant info
3. presenter must have good persuasion skills
4. presenter must have internal capital

Front 93

creating a clear message (oral presentations)

Back 93

remember to focus on what you want the audience o hear, nto just what you want to say

focus on one core idea and limit body to three or four key points

tell them what you're going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you told them

Front 94

creating a valuable message (oral presentations)

Back 94

People must perceive your message as being important to them, not just to you.

Front 95

creating a memorable message (oral presentations)

Back 95

1. keep it simple
2. include the unexpected
3. explain in concrete terms
4. make it credible on its own merits
5. arouse human emotions
6. tell a story

Front 96

color on presentations

Back 96

use high-contrast text and background
warm colors advance (appear closer)
cool colors recede (appear further away)

Front 97

guidelines for oral presentation handouts

Back 97

1. keep content simple
2. CARBS
3. distribute handouts at the appropriate times

Front 98

preparing a messenger of an oral presentation

Back 98

rehearsal--rehearse three times
voice--pitch, rate, volume, tone ( lower pitch, rich tone)
nonverbal messages--eyes, upper limbs (make sure gestures match the content), appearance, movement
adaptation--change to adjust to group's emotions

Front 99

presentation Q&A

Back 99

1. make sure everyone has heard the question
2. involve everyone in your answer
3. answer each question clearly and concisely

Front 100

intros for group presentations

Back 100

introduce group members, their positions the part they'll play in the presentation