Mccurdy Us History Ch. 14

Front 1

In the 1920s Americans were still strongly affected by their memory of _____

Back 1

World War I

Front 2

After World War I a harsh economic _____

Back 2

downturn had begun

Front 3

Emerging from the shadow of the war and putting the economy back on track became significant issues in the 1920_____.

Back 3

presidential race

Front 4

Harding's call for a return to "normalcy" helped him win the 1920 election over democrat _____.

Back 4

James Cox

Front 5

Russia's last absolute ruler, who was ousted from power in March of 1917.

Back 5

Czar Nicholas II

Front 6

Nicholas II was ousted by a spontaneous uprising which resulted in the creation of a democratic government, but since that government attempted to continue fighting WWI, it was quickly ousted by a second revolution led by _______.

Back 6

Vladimir Lenin

Front 7

Leader who made communism the official ideology of Russia and the Soviet Union.

Back 7

Vladimir Lenin

Front 8

An intense fear of communism and other politically radical ideas in the U.S.

Back 8

Red Scare

Front 9

The first Red Scare was a response to the ______.

Back 9

Russian Revolution

Front 10

The government owns all the land and property. A single political party controls the government. The needs of the country always take priority over the rights of the individual. Wealth should be distributed equally not by competition.

Back 10

Communism

Front 11

Many Americans feared Vladimir Lenin and the Bolsheviks because they promoted a system that was hostile to ___________.

Back 11

American values

Front 12

Americans feared communists because they were openly hostile to _____________.

Back 12

American values

Front 13

Americans were alarmed by Russia's intention to spread communism to _____.

Back 13

other countries

Front 14

The Red Scare encouraged a revival of nativist feeling or fear of _____.

Back 14

immigrants

Front 15

Supreme Court Case in which Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes said the government is justified in silencing free speech when there is a "clear and present danger."

Back 15

Schenk v. United States

Front 16

In the case of Schenk v. United States the Supreme court declared that the government was justified in silencing free speech when there was a _________.

Back 16

clear and present danger

Front 17

Affirmed that the Fourteenth Amendment protected civil rights against the restriction by state governments. Nationalized the Bill of Rights.

Back 17

Gitlow v. New York

Front 18

Attorney general who set up a special task force to conduct raids and arrest suspected "subversives."

Back 18

A. Mitchell Palmer

Front 19

The Palmer raids were organized to root out groups whose activities posed a clear ________________.

Back 19

danger to the country

Front 20

Immigrants whose murder conviction provoked controversy.

Back 20

Sacco and Vanzetti

Front 21

Many Americans believed that Sacco and Vanzetti were executed because they were _____________.

Back 21

immigrants with radical beliefs during the Red Scare

Front 22

Labor unrest grew in the US after WWI because of the significant rise in the _______________.

Back 22

cost of living

Front 23

Many Americans believed they were behind the labor strikes of 1919.

Back 23

communists

Front 24

Strikes had declined in 1920 because they were not supported by the government, the economic downturn had reduced the number of workers, and the economic boom which followed it reduced the incentive to ____.

Back 24

strike

Front 25

After World War I President Harding called for a return to "__________."

Back 25

normalcy

Front 26

Isolationism and laissez-faire business policy were both key features of the ______.

Back 26

Republican administrations of the 20s

Front 27

Harding and Coolidge both based their foreign policies on a return to _____________.

Back 27

isolationism

Front 28

the policy of avoiding political or economic alliances with foreign countries.

Back 28

Isolationism

Front 29

Hurt both U.S. Industry and European nations that had to pay back war debts by raising import taxes to very high levels.

Back 29

Fordney-McCumber Tariff

Front 30

Helped save the German economy following World War I, provided Germany with large loans from American banks. (1924)

Back 30

Dawes Plan

Front 31

As Americans became more isolationist they also became more _____.

Back 31

nativist

Front 32

Nativist reacted to the sharp rise in immigration following World War I with calls for limiting ______.

Back 32

immigration

Front 33

Responding to the nativist demands and presidential pressure in the 1920s Congress began to pass laws which severely limited ______.

Back 33

immigration

Front 34

Reduced the annual quota of immigrants from a country to 2 percent of the number of people from that country living in the US based on the 1890 census.

Back 34

National Origins Act

Front 35

A numerical limit.

Back 35

quota

Front 36

Reduced the number of people who could enter the United States in 1924.

Back 36

National Origins Act

Front 37

The National Origins Act and the quota system especially limited immigration from _______.

Back 37

Southern and Eastern Europe

Front 38

Even though there is no evidence that Harding himself was involved in the scandals his administration was characterized by _____.

Back 38

corruption

Front 39

When Harding's Secretary of the interior gave oil drilling rights to two private companies in exchange for illegal payments.

Back 39

Teapot Dome scandal

Front 40

Scandal that tarnished the reputation of the Harding administration.

Back 40

Teapot Dome

Front 41

Republican Presidents of the 1920s generally favored _______. (segment of the economy)

Back 41

business

Front 42

Business policy supported by Calvin Coolidge

Back 42

laissez faire

Front 43

"Silent" Republican President who opposed government interference in American business.

Back 43

Calvin Coolidge

Front 44

According to Calvin Coolidge "the business, of the American people is _____________________."

Back 44

business

Front 45

Under the Kellogg-Briand Pact, 15 nations agreed not to use the threat of _____________.

Back 45

war

Front 46

15 nations agreed not to threaten each other with war in their joint dealings.

Back 46

Kellogg-Briand Pact

Front 47

Prohibitionist Republican candidate in the election of 1928.

Back 47

Herbert Hoover

Front 48

Democratic candidate in the election of 1928.

Back 48

Alfred E. Smith

Front 49

President who easily won the 1928 election expecting that Americans would continue to prosper.

Back 49

Herbert Hoover

Front 50

The 1920s saw a shift from an economy that buys what it needs to one that buys what it _________.

Back 50

wants

Front 51

During the 1920s the United States became a __________ economy.

Back 51

consumer

Front 52

A consumer economy depends on a large amount of ____________.

Back 52

spending

Front 53

The economy grew in the 1920s partly because consumers began to buy goods on _____.

Back 53

credit

Front 54

In the 1920s, many American consumers began to adopt the practice of buying goods on ____.

Back 54

credit

Front 55

The growth of a consumer economy in America in the 1920s was fueled by _________. (type of credit)

Back 55

installment plans or installment buying

Front 56

The consumer makes partial payments at set intervals over a period of time until the debt is paid.

Back 56

installment plans or installment buying

Front 57

Installment plans and credit encouraged Americans to spend beyond their _____.

Back 57

means

Front 58

Advertisements in the 1920s changed from an emphasis on quality to an emphasis on ______.

Back 58

consumer image

Front 59

Advertisements in the 1920s appealed to such emotions as ______.

Back 59

insecurity & fear

Front 60

Electric power, persuasive advertising, and the installment plan all helped consumers go on a _______ in the 1920s.

Back 60

buying spree

Front 61

The consumer economy could not have developed as rapidly as it did without an increased volume of _________.

Back 61

goods to buy

Front 62

New resources, new management methods, and new technologies in the 1920s all increased worker _______________.

Back 62

productivity

Front 63

A workers level of output over a given period.

Back 63

productivity

Front 64

Republican laissez-faire policies were a part of the reason for the 1920s success of ___.

Back 64

business

Front 65

The total value of goods and services a country produces annually.

Back 65

Gross National Product

Front 66

New roads were built in response to the boom in the ________.

Back 66

automotive industry

Front 67

His dream was to sell cars that ordinary people could afford.

Back 67

Henry Ford

Front 68

Ford did not invent the assembly line but he made it more _____.

Back 68

efficient

Front 69

Made it possible for Henry Ford to produce cars quickly and cheaply.

Back 69

assembly line

Front 70

Businessman and inventor who developed and mass-produced automobiles.

Back 70

Henry Ford

Front 71

Industry that did the most to boost other industries in the 1920s.

Back 71

automobile making

Front 72

Part of Ford success came from the fact that he owned or controlled so many of the steps in production or what is called ___________.

Back 72

vertical consolidation

Front 73

Process of gaining control of the many different businesses that make up all phases of a product's development.

Back 73

vertical consolidation

Front 74

Motels and gas stations were new businesses that rose as a result of the increase in _________.

Back 74

automobiles

Front 75

In 1929 when he took office most Americans expected prosperity to continue.

Back 75

Herbert Hoover

Front 76

Bruce Barton's "The Man Nobody Knows" written in 1925 portrayed what man as a managerial genius?

Back 76

Jesus

Front 77

John J. Raskob a corporate leader wrote an article entitled "Everybody Ought to be _____."

Back 77

rich

Front 78

Offering workers higher wages and some benefits.

Back 78

Welfare capitalism

Front 79

Helped satisfy workers and resulted in organized labor losing members in the 1920s.

Back 79

Welfare capitalism

Front 80

During the 1920s stock prices were _________.

Back 80

rising

Front 81

Because Hoover had confidence in the business world he did not discourage the wild buying of stocks with _________________.

Back 81

borrowed money

Front 82

Paying part of a stock's price and borrowing the rest.

Back 82

buying on the margin

Front 83

Practices such as buying on the margin reflected the 1920s American attitude of _____.

Back 83

"get-rich-quick"

Front 84

Consumer's desire for exciting new products led to an increase in _____________.

Back 84

personal debt

Front 85

The practice of making high-risk investments in hopes of a huge return.

Back 85

speculation

Front 86

The 1920s rise in the stock market mainly benefited the _.

Back 86

rich

Front 87

Despite the prosperity of the 1920s, life remained hard for many ___________. (2 groups)

Back 87

farmers and factory workers

Front 88

Uneven prosperity, personal debt, overproduction and stock market speculation were all signs of an _____.

Back 88

unsound economy