Mccurdy Us History Ch. 11 Progressive Era

Front 1

Name given to the time period from 1890 to 1920.

Back 1

Progressive Era

Front 2

Many of the ideas of the Progressive movement grew out of the _______.

Back 2

Populist movement

Front 3

As opposed to the Populist movement the progressive movement focused mainly on the problems of ______.

Back 3

urban residents

Front 4

Nativism, prohibition, purity crusades, electoral reform, charity reform, social gospel philosophy, and settlement houses.

Back 4

roots of the progressivism

Front 5

Progressive reformers were reacting to the era's rapid __________. (3 things)

Back 5

industrialization, immigration, and urbanization

Front 6

Progressives maintained that private charity could not do enough to improve the lives of the _________.

Back 6

industrial poor

Front 7

Progressivism was not a single _______.

Back 7

unified movement

Front 8

Progressives believed government should be more accountable to its _______.

Back 8

citizens

Front 9

Progressives believed government should curb the power and influence of the _______.

Back 9

wealthy

Front 10

Progressives believed that to improve the lives of it citizens government should be given ___.

Back 10

expanded powers

Front 11

Progressives believed that in order to handle its expanded role government needed to be _______. (2 things)

Back 11

more efficient and less corrupt

Front 12

Name given to the time period from 1890 to 1920.

Back 12

Progressive Era

Front 13

Many of the ideas of the Progressive movement grew out of the _______.

Back 13

Populist movement

Front 14

As opposed to the Populist movement the progressive movement focused mainly on the problems of ______.

Back 14

urban residents

Front 15

Nativism, prohibition, purity crusades, electoral reform, charity reform, social gospel philosophy, and settlement houses.

Back 15

roots of the progressivism

Front 16

Progressive reformers were reacting to the era's rapid __________. (3 things)

Back 16

industrialization, immigration, and urbanization

Front 17

Progressives maintained that private charity could not do enough to improve the lives of the _________.

Back 17

industrial poor

Front 18

Progressivism was not a single _______.

Back 18

unified movement

Front 19

Progressives believed government should be more accountable to its _______.

Back 19

citizens

Front 20

Progressives believed government should curb the power and influence of the _______.

Back 20

wealthy

Front 21

Progressives believed that to improve the lives of it citizens government should be given ___.

Back 21

expanded powers

Front 22

Progressives believed that in order to handle its expanded role government needed to be _______. (2 things)

Back 22

more efficient and less corrupt

Front 23

Most Progressives agreed that the government should protect ________.

Back 23

workers

Front 24

Most Progressives agreed that the government should help the ________.

Back 24

poor

Front 25

According to Henry George, Americans could eliminate poverty by discouraging _______.

Back 25

land speculation

Front 26

Henry George was opposed to the fact that land owners only had to pay a tax if they made _____.

Back 26

improvements on the land

Front 27

Henry George wanted to make land speculation less profitable by imposing a ___________.

Back 27

single tax on the value of land

Front 28

In the late 1800s, journalists Henry George and Edward Bellamy both wrote about ideas for _____.

Back 28

reforming society

Front 29

Author of "Looking Backward" in 1888.

Back 29

Edward Bellamy

Front 30

Novel in which a man undergoes hypnosis in 1887 and wakes up in the year 2000, to discover a Utopian society, where the government runs companies with the goal of meeting human needs rather than making profits.

Back 30

"Looking Backward"

Front 31

Journalists who worked at exposing political and business corruption.

Back 31

muckrakers

Front 32

Although Roosevelt and other Progressives denounced the muckrakers at first, their writings did motivate government to make many _____.

Back 32

reforms

Front 33

Requested by business leaders in the 1890s, they were issued by courts and they prohibited workers from striking.

Back 33

injunctions

Front 34

Court injunctions slowed down the growth of the ______.

Back 34

labor movement

Front 35

Progressives supported the laborer's right to ______.

Back 35

strike

Front 36

The number of socialists grew during the Progressive era and in 1901 they formed the _____.

Back 36

Socialist Party of America

Front 37

Most Progressives were not socialist and wanted more ________.

Back 37

moderate reforms

Front 38

The efforts of Florence Kelley convinced many states to abolish _______.

Back 38

child labor

Front 39

Jane Addams and Florence Kelley both worked to reform local ________.

Back 39

labor conditions

Front 40

She is best known for organizing unions in mines in West Virginia and Colorado.

Back 40

Mother Jones

Front 41

Some Americans resisted Progressive reforms because they did not approve of governmental control over _________.

Back 41

their lives

Front 42

Because Progressives sought increased government involvement in people's lives they often met resistance, even from among the very people they ________.

Back 42

intended to help

Front 43

The poor often opposed child labor laws because they needed the __________.

Back 43

child's income

Front 44

Most Progressives opposed government control of businesses, except for companies that supplied __________.

Back 44

essential services

Front 45

Were sought by progressives so that government could ensure a basic standard of living for all.

Back 45

social welfare programs

Front 46

Unemployment benefits, accident and health insurance, and a social security system for the disabled and elderly.

Back 46

social welfare programs

Front 47

Progressives wanted efficient programs managed by professionals not ______.

Back 47

politicians

Front 48

Many of the earliest Progressive reforms were made at the city, or ________.

Back 48

municipal, level

Front 49

Most municipal reformers worked for _____.

Back 49

home rule

Front 50

A limited degree of self-government for cities.

Back 50

home rule

Front 51

Some reformers also held negative views of immigrants who felt were responsible for many ______.

Back 51

city problems

Front 52

Municipal reformers aimed to end government _______.

Back 52

corruption

Front 53

Municipal reformers wanted a civil service system based on merit not _______.

Back 53

spoils

Front 54

Restricting the power of political machines was usually left to _________.

Back 54

municipal reformers

Front 55

New and more efficient forms of municipal government, such as the commission form and the council-manager from, were often developed in response to ______.

Back 55

natural disasters

Front 56

Reformers wanted to provide citizens with more affordable services by transferring control of urban utilities to the ___.

Back 56

city

Front 57

In the early 1900s municipal reformers favored city control of _________.

Back 57

utilities

Front 58

Reformers hoped to end corruption in government by giving voters a more direct say in _________.

Back 58

lawmaking

Front 59

Prior to the progressive movement candidates for public office were traditionally picked by ___.

Back 59

party leaders

Front 60

Wisconsin reform governor who instituted the use of the direct primary.

Back 60

Robert La Follette

Front 61

Election in which voters cast ballots to select nominees for upcoming elections.

Back 61

direct primary

Front 62

This process enables voters to propose new laws.

Back 62

initiative

Front 63

Citizens approve or reject a law passed by the legislature.

Back 63

referendum

Front 64

This procedure enables voters to remove public officials from office before the next election.

Back 64

recall

Front 65

The initiative and the referendum are examples of ________.

Back 65

direct democracy

Front 66

Direct democracy only exists at the local and state levels there is no direct democracy at the ________.

Back 66

federal level

Front 67

Attempts to regulate industry involved the legal dispute over the business owner's right to make contracts with employees and their right of private property versus the federal governments police power to protect the ____.

Back 67

welfare of citizens

Front 68

As a result of Progressive reforms in many states child labor was _____.

Back 68

abolished

Front 69

When the United Mine Workers called a strike in 1902, President Roosevelt called for _____.

Back 69

arbitration

Front 70

When T. Roosevelt used this phrase in the coal miners strike it became a slogan for his presidency.

Back 70

"square deal"

Front 71

A firm that creates a monopoly by buying up stocks and bonds of smaller companies.

Back 71

holding company

Front 72

Roosevelt was the first President to actively enforce it.

Back 72

Sherman Antitrust Act

Front 73

Authorized the Interstate Commerce Commission to regulate railroad rates.

Back 73

Hepburn Act

Front 74

With the Hepburn Act it became the first true regulatory agency.

Back 74

Interstate Commerce Commission

Front 75

Upton Sinclair's novel "the Jungle" exposed dangerous workplace conditions in the ______.

Back 75

meatpacking industry

Front 76

As a result of muckraker writings like "the Jungle" President Roosevelt and congress responded with the _________. (2 laws)

Back 76

Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act

Front 77

Banned interstate shipping of impure food and deliberate mislabeling of food and drugs.

Back 77

Pure Food and Drug Act

Front 78

Required federal inspection of meat processing to ensure sanitary conditions.

Back 78

Meat Inspection Act

Front 79

The newly created Labor Department supported legislation that would benefit both _______.

Back 79

women & children

Front 80

Named by T. Roosevelt to head a new U.S. forest service.

Back 80

Gifford Pinchot

Front 81

At HIS recommendation Roosevelt set aside 200 million acres for national forests, mineral reserves, and water projects.

Back 81

Gifford Pinchot

Front 82

People concerned with the care and protection of the environment.

Back 82

conservationists

Front 83

Included the conservation of forest land, the break-up of several trusts, and the regulation of food and drugs.

Back 83

President Theodore Roosevelt's Progressive record

Front 84

During the Progressive Era, constitutional restraints on federal power gradually _____.

Back 84

diminished

Front 85

Ratified in 1913 authorized Congress to collect a federal income tax.

Back 85

Sixteenth Amendment

Front 86

The 16th Amendment enabled the government to get more revenues from people with ____.

Back 86

higher incomes

Front 87

Required the direct election of Senators, was ratified in 1913.

Back 87

Seventeenth Amendment

Front 88

In 1919 it banned the production, sale, or import of alcoholic beverages.

Back 88

Eighteenth Amendment

Front 89

Not all Progressives favored Prohibition, but many thought it would protect society from the poverty and violence associated with _____.

Back 89

drinking

Front 90

President Theodore Roosevelt's chosen successor.

Back 90

President Taft

Front 91

President Taft continued Roosevelt's progressive program by pursuing _____.

Back 91

antitrust cases

Front 92

Progressives in Congress, unlike Taft, favored low ________.

Back 92

tariffs

Front 93

Progressives first became furious with Taft over the protective _______.

Back 93

Payne-Aldrich Tariff

Front 94

President Taft's Secretary of the Interior, who angered conservationists by siding with business interests that sought unrestricted development of federal lands in the West.

Back 94

Richard Ballinger

Front 95

When Gifford Pinchot accused Richard Ballinger of corruption, before Congress, Taft _______.

Back 95

fired Pinchot

Front 96

The Progressive faction of the Republican Party protested HIS handling of the Ballinger-Pinchot affair.

Back 96

President Taft

Front 97

When the House passed a resolution allowing full membership, instead of the Speaker, to appoint the Rules Committee the Republican party was ______.

Back 97

split

Front 98

Theodore Roosevelt's name for his Progressive reform program. At the time of the midterm elections of 1910.

Back 98

New Nationalism

Front 99

Roosevelt's call for business regulation, welfare laws, workplace protection for women & children, income & inheritance taxes, and voting reform.

Back 99

New Nationalism

Front 100

He challenged his old friend President Taft for the Republican nomination in 1912.

Back 100

Theodore Roosevelt

Front 101

When Roosevelt lost the 1912 Republican nomination because Taft controlled the convention, Roosevelt's supporters broke from the Republican Party and formed the ____.

Back 101

Progressive Party

Front 102

Nickname for the Progressive Party.

Back 102

Bull Moose Party

Front 103

Women's suffrage was supported by the platform of the _______.

Back 103

Bull Moose Party (Progressive)

Front 104

Democratic candidate in 1912.

Back 104

Woodrow Wilson

Front 105

The name for Woodrow Wilson's policy which promised to enforce antitrust laws without threatening free economic competition.

Back 105

New Freedom

Front 106

A major factor contributing to the election of Woodrow Wilson in 1912 was that Roosevelt _______.

Back 106

split the Republican vote

Front 107

Wilson's reform platform during the 1912 campaign differed from Roosevelt's in that he promised to preserve ___________.

Back 107

free economic competition

Front 108

Passed with Wilson's guidance in 1914 to strengthen the Sherman Antitrust Act.

Back 108

Clayton Antitrust Act

Front 109

Spelled out specific activities that big business could not do.

Back 109

Clayton Antitrust Act

Front 110

Prevented antitrust suits from being brought against unions and prohibited court injunctions against strikes.

Back 110

Clayton Antitrust Act

Front 111

The Federal Reserve System was established by Woodrow Wilson to reorganize the _______.

Back 111

federal banking system

Front 112

To prevent bank failures, President Wilson helped create the ______.

Back 112

Federal Reserve System

Front 113

Progressivism was halted by ______.

Back 113

World War I

Front 114

In 1872, she was arrested and later convicted for insisting on voting.

Back 114

Susan B. Anthony

Front 115

Nonviolent refusal to obey a law.

Back 115

civil disobedience

Front 116

One basic anti-suffrage argument was that it would cause women to become too ____.

Back 116

masculine

Front 117

Women suffragist fought for the right to vote two ways some fought for a constitutional amendment other fought for the right to vote in individual _______.

Back 117

states

Front 118

Suffragists achieved some of their earliest successes in persuading specific ______.

Back 118

states to give women the vote

Front 119

In 1890, veteran leaders of the suffrage movement, including Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, were joined by younger leaders in forming the ________.

Back 119

NAWSA

Front 120

NAWSA

Back 120

National American Woman Suffrage Association

Front 121

When NAWSA was formed in 1890, women could already __________.

Back 121

buy and sell property

Front 122

After the deaths of Stanton and Anthony, the woman who eventually led NAWSA to victory was _____.

Back 122

Carrie Chapman Catt

Front 123

Her aggressive strategy caused a split in the woman's suffrage movement.

Back 123

Alice Paul

Front 124

Alice Paul's Congressional Union split from NAWSA after it called for bypassing suffrage groups in the ______.

Back 124

states

Front 125

World War I affected the women's suffrage cause by setting aside arguments about ______.

Back 125

separate spheres for men and women

Front 126

Women's activities in World War I resulted more Americans supporting their right to ____.

Back 126

suffrage/vote

Front 127

The battle for women's suffrage ended with the ratification of the _______.

Back 127

Nineteenth Amendment