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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
African sleeping sickness
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(also called trypanosomiasis) Disease of equatorial Africa caused by protozoan blood parasites of the genus Trypanosoma
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bacterial meningitis
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An inflammation of the meninges, the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord by any one of several bacterial species
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blood–brain barrier
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Formation in the brain of special thick-walled capillaries without pores in their walls that limit entry of substances into brain cells
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botulism
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Disease caused by Clostridium botulinum.The most common form, foodborne botulism, results from ingestion of preformed toxin and is, therefore, an intoxication rather than an infection
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brain abscess
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A pus-filled cavity caused by microorganisms reaching the brain from head wounds or via blood from another site
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eastern equine encephalitis
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Type of viral encephalitis seen most often in the eastern United States; infects horses more frequently than humans
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encephalitis
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An inflammation of the brain caused by a variety of viruses or bacteria
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Hansen’s disease
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The preferred name for leprosy; caused by Mycobacterium leprae, it exhibits various clinical forms ranging from tuberculoid to lepromatous
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herpes meningoencephalitis
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A serious disease caused by herpesvirus that can cause permament neurological damage or death and that sometimes follows a generalized herpes infection or ascends from the trigeminal ganglion
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infant botulism
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(also called “floppy baby” syndrome) Form of botulism in infants associated with ingestion of honey
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kuru
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Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy disease of the human brain, caused by prions, associated with cannibalism and tissue/organ transplants
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leproma
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An enlarged, disfiguring skin lesion that occurs in the lepromatous form of Hansen’s disease
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lepromatous
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Referring to the nodular form of Hansen’s disease (leprosy) in which a granulomatous response causes enlarged, disfiguring skin lesions called lepromas
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lepromatous
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Referring to the nodular form of Hansen’s disease (leprosy) in which a granulomatous response causes enlarged, disfiguring skin lesions called lepromas
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lepromin skin test
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Test used to detect Hansen’s disease (leprosy); similar to the tuberculin test
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listeriosis
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A type of meningitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes that is especially threatening to those with impaired immune systems
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mad cow disease
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Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy disease of the brain of cattle, caused by prions
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meninges
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Three layers of membrane that protect the brain and spinal cord
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nerve
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A bundle of neuron fibers that relays sensory and motor signals throughout the body
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nervous system
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The body system, comprising the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, that coordinates the body’s activities in relation to the environment
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peripheral nervous system
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All nerves outside the central nervous system
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prion
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An exceedingly small infectious particle consisting of protein without any nucleic acid
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progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
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Disease caused by the JC polyomavirus with symptoms including mental deterioration, limb paralysis, and blindness
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pseudocyst
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An aggregate of trypanosome protozoa that forms in lymph nodes in Chagas’ disease
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rabies virus
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An RNA-containing rhabdovirus that is transmitted through animal bites
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rabies
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A viral disease that affects the brain and nervous system with symptoms including hydrophobia and aerophobia; transmitted by animal bites
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sac fungus
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(also called Ascomycota) A member of a diverse group of fungi that produces saclike asci during sexual reproduction
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scrapie
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Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy disease of the brain of sheep, causing extreme itching so that the sheep repeatedly scrape themselves against posts, trees, etc.
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tetanus neonatorum
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Type of tetanus acquired through the raw stump of the umbilical cord
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tetanus
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(also called lockjaw) Disease caused by Clostridium tetani in which muscle stiffness progresses to eventual paralysis and death
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transmissible spongiform encephalopathies
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Prion-caused diseases resulting in brain tissue developing multiple holes such that it resembles a sponge, includes Creutzfeldt- Jakob disease, mad cow disease, kuru, scrapie, and others
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Venezuelan equine encephalitis
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Type of viral encephalitis seen in Florida, Texas, Mexico, and South America; infects horses more frequently than humans
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viral meningitis
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Usually self-limiting and nonfatal form of meningitis
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West Nile fever
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Emerging viral disease new to U.S., transmitted by mosquitoes, causing seizures and encephalitis, lethal to crows
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western equine encephalitis
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Type of viral encephalitis seen most often in the western United States; infects horses more frequently than humans
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wound botulism
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Rare form of botulism that occurs in deep wounds when tissue damage impairs circulation and creates anaerobic conditions in which Clostridium botulinum can multiply
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