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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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anterior
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near or toward the front or the head
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caudal
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near or toward the tail
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dorsal
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on or toward the back
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frontal
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of the front, or when viewing brain sections, viewing from the front
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inferior
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located below
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lateral
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toward the side
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medial
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toward the middle of the body's midline
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posterior
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located near or toward the tail
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sagittal
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parallel to the length (from front to back) of the skull
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superior
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located above
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ventral
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on or toward the belly or the underside of an animal, below
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somatic nervous system
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all cranial and spinal nerves to and from brain, produces movement and transmits incoming sensory information
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autonomic nervous system
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balances body's internal organs through its two separate divisions, parasympathetic and sympathetic
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parasympathetic
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rest and digest
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sympathetic
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fight or flight
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afferent
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conducts toward a central nervous system structure
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efferent
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conducts away from a CNS structure
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meninges
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collectively, the three top layers of the brain beneath the skull
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dura mater
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outermost layer of brain, tough, fibrous layer
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arachnoid layer
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middle layer of brain, delicate sheet of connective tissue
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pia mater
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inner layer of brain of moderately tough membrane/tissue
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cerebrospinal fluid
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a colorless solution of sodium chloride and other salts found between arachnoid and pia maters.
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gyri and sulci
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bumps and grooves
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brain stem
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collectively: hindbrain, midbrain, thalamus, hypothalamus
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white matter
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nerve fibers with fatty coverings
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grey matter
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capillary blood vessels and nerve cell bodies
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stroke
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hemorrhage in brain caused by blood clot or burst blood vessel in brain.
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corpus collosum
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thin, long band of white matter between the two hemispheres containing over 200 million nerve fibers
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neuron
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80 billion nerve cells that carry out the brain's major functions
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glia
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100 billion brain cells that aid and modulate the neuron's activities (form fatty covering over neurons)
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