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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What type of ribosomes do the mitochondria of eukaryotes have?
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70s
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Viroids? Structure?
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Single stranded circular RNA that forms a seemingly double stranded structure by intra-strand base pairing.
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Do viroids code for protein? What do they do? Where are they found?
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-No
-They interfere with regulatory RNA -Found in plants; no animal forms known |
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Prions
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polypeptides that cause pre-existing healthy proteins in an organism to misfold and cause neurodegeneration
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The cytoplasmic membrane consists of?
General size? |
-Phospholipids and Proteins
-6-8 nanometers wide |
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Some peripheral proteins are _________ and have been shown to have a lipid tail on the ___________ of proteins that serves to anchor one portion of protein to the membrane
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-lipoproteins
-amino terminus |
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proteins that have both hydrophobic and hydrophillic regions are called ______?
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ampipathic
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Plasma membrane's effect on polar solutes?
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polar solutes do not readily move passively across the membrane
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Plasma membrane's effect on small nonpolar and fat soluble substances like fatty acids, alcohols, and benzene?
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They may enter or exit cell by dissolving in lipid phase and diffusing through it.
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Plasma membrane's effect on charged molecules such as amino acids, organic acids, and inorganic salts
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They do not readily pass through membrane but instead must be transported by specific mechanisms
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Plasma membrane's effect on water?
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Water is uncharged (weakly polar) and small enough to penetrate membrane by passing between phospholipid molecules: accelerated by aquaporins: proteins that form membrane spanning channels that specifically transport water
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Plasma membrane's effect on very large molecules like polysaccharides, protein, and lipids?
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They do not pass through membrane. Must be hydrolyzed by extracellular enzymes and smaller units transported in
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Coccus?
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spherical or ovoid
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Rod or bacillus?
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cylindrical
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Spirillum?
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rod twists or spiirals
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Spirochete?
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long, helically coiled (spiral-shaped) cells
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Vibrio?
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half moon
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Diplococcus?
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divide in 1 plane & stay together for 1 division; pairs
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Streptococcus?
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divide in one plane & remain together for many divisions; chains
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Staphylococcus?
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divide in many planes and remain attached; like bunch of grapes
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Tetracocci?
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1 plane & then perpendicular plane
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Sacrinae?
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like tetra & plane cross sections behind; cuboidal packets
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