Mcb 3020C 2

Front 1

Due to environmental conditions a billion years ago the majority of organisms were likely

Back 1

Anoxic

Front 2

The activity of which type of organisms is thought to be the cause of the great oxidation event

Back 2

Oxygenic photoautotrophs

Front 3

Which is not a piece of evidence supporting the of mitochondria and chloroplasts

Back 3

they have peptidoglycan primarily in their envelopes

Front 4

Lactobacillus

Back 4

important in the production of fermented dairy products

Front 5

Enterococcus

Back 5

fecal streptococci related to the lactic acid bacteria, often used as waste contamination indicator

Front 6

Mycoplasma

Back 6

generally pathogenic causing a type of pneumonia, lack peptidoglycan, high sterol content

Front 7

Mycobacterium

Back 7

ACID FAST. One species causes lung infection due to the presence of a growth characteristic called cord like growth.

Front 8

Bacillus

Back 8

Sporulating gram positive, aerobic. One toxigenic species can cause the infection known as anthrax

Front 9

Which of these psychotolerant bacteria can cause foodborne infection due to consumption of contaminated deli meats or soft cheeses, and can commonly result in miscarriage or stillbirth

Back 9

Listeria monocytogenus

Front 10

Members of the genus clostridium are all what, In terms of oxygen requirements

Back 10

Strict obligate anaerobes

Front 11

All endospore forming bacteria are ecologically related because they are found primarily in

Back 11

Soil

Front 12

A gram positive microorganism has the following traits: filamentous, forms spores at the end of mycelia, produces many antibiotics produces geosin that gives and its pleasant aroma, is nutritionally versatile, yields compact dusty colonies on agar culture media

Back 12

Streptomyces

Front 13

Which of these describes the ability of propionic acid bacteria to utilize lactic acid; itself produced via fermentation by lactic acid bacteria, as a substrate for fermentation to produce the propionic acid and carbon dioxide

Back 13

Secondary fermentation

Front 14

Which of these is a food products produced by the bacteria described in the question above

Back 14

Swiss Cheese

Front 15

When packaged in the virion the complex of nucleic acid and protein is known as the virus

Back 15

Nucleocapsid

Front 16

What is the reason that viruses sometimes contain enzymes in the viron

Back 16

Any of the above may be function (they are needed to perform gene expression in a way the host does not naturally do, they are required to pemetrate the host cell wall, they are required to lyse the host cell upon exit of mature virus)

Front 17

According to the Baltimore classification system, what type of virus would be a class IV virus

Back 17

Single stranded positive sense RNA virus

Front 18

Which type of virus would produce mRNA for protein synthesis using an RNA replicase enzyme package in the viron

Back 18

Double stranded RNA virus

Front 19

Which of these would always be lacking from a virus particle

Back 19

Ribosome

Front 20

Which of these would happen latest among the phases of viral replication, occurring towards the beginning of the maturation step

Back 20

Assembly of capsid

Front 21

Among bacteriophages the ability to hitch a ride in the bacterial genome by becoming a period known as

Back 21

Lysogeny

Front 22

A prion is a type of misfolded infections

Back 22

Protein found in the brain

Front 23

Poliovirus

Back 23

single stranded positive sense RNA virus that makes polyprotein

Front 24

Influenza virus

Back 24

needs to utilize RNA replicase before any viral proteins can be translated

Front 25

MS-2 virus

Back 25

An RNA bacteriophage infecting E. coli with a very small genome of only 4 genes

Front 26

Varicella-Zoster virus

Back 26

Double stranded DNA virus causes latent infection

Front 27

Hepatitis B

Back 27

DNA virus that utilizes reverse transcriptase

Front 28

Which feature of the influenza virus genome allows for the incidence of antigenic shift producing new and potentially more virulent strains over one season

Back 28

segmented genome

Front 29

Members of this group which include the waterborne parasite

Back 29

diplomonads

Front 30

Which organelle found in some anaerobic protists…without citric acid cycle or electron transport

Back 30

hydrogenosome

Front 31

You have enlisted in doctors without borders and been stationed in sub sahara Africa. Which of these organisms is likely to be one of your primary concerns as the cause of African sleeping sickeness?

Back 31

Trypanosoma brucei

Front 32

Which eukaryotic algae are the most common cause of harmful algae blooms and cause florida red tide

Back 32

dinoflagellates

Front 33

Group A that causes scarlet fever

Back 33

streptococcus pyogenes

Front 34

Often seen as diplococci, common cause of lower respiratory infection

Back 34

Streptococcus pneumonia

Front 35

Spirochete bacterium that is the cause of syphilis

Back 35

Treponema pallidum

Front 36

A common cause of bacterial infections that result in inflammation of the membranes lining the central nervous system; often occurs in epidemic among confined populations may quickly be fatal

Back 36

Bacterial meningitis.

Front 37

Spirochete that causes a debilitating vector borne disease called lyme disease, transmitted by ticks

Back 37

Borrelia burgdorferi

Front 38

Which virus is responsible for most common cold cases

Back 38

Rhinovirus

Front 39

Regarding influenza A viruses, which is one of the major antigens on the viral envelope responsible for binding of the virion to mucocus membrane cells of the host

Back 39

Hemaglutinin

Front 40

Which animal typically serves as a mixing pot for recombination of human and avian influenza, possibly resulting in a pandemic strain

Back 40

Swine

Front 41

A virus that causes liver disease and can be a common cause of liver cancer is

Back 41

Hepatitis C

Front 42

A sexually transmitted infection that can ultimately result in cervical cancer, but is now preventable with an effective vaccine

Back 42

HPV

Front 43

If a male comes into your clinic presenting with a painful penile infection and samples reveal the presence of gram negative diplococci what should you expect

Back 43

Gonorrhea

Front 44

West nile fever, eastern equine encephalitis and malaria are all transmitted by a similar root, what is it

Back 44

Bite of mosquitoes

Front 45

True or False: The immune system is effective at totally clearing HIV from the body, but it is a persistant disease because most individuals are constantly re-infected by different strains via continuous risky behavior

Back 45

False

Front 46

HIV infections are established in the body by infection of which type of cell

Back 46

CD4 T cells

Front 47

The most important potential common source of infectious disease is

Back 47

Water

Front 48

The poliform organisms such as E. Coli, and Easterlivus are used as water quality indicators because

Back 48

they are found in animal intestinal tracts and indicate fecal contamination

Front 49

Which of the following bacterial pathogens is found in both aquatic environments and is commonly present in air conditioning systems

Back 49

legionella pneumophila

Front 50

This waterborne disease organism is responsible for high mortality when inadequately treated (but when effectively treated by rehydration); can cause large scale disease outbreaks when sanitation is inadequate and causes severe watery rice water diarrhea due to the enterotoxin it produces

Back 50

Vibrio cholerae

Front 51

Which of the following waterborne pathogens is a eukaryotic protozoan organisms

Back 51

Giardia intestinalis and cryptosporidium

Front 52

What is the key toxic component of the pathogenic gram negative enteric proteobacteria

Back 52

lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer membrane

Front 53

In your florida primary care clinic, an adolescent is brought in during the month of august complaining of terrible persistent headache centered behind the eyes. The parent happens to mention they had been swimming in a lake during a camping trip two days ago

Back 53

Infection by the amoeba Naegleria fowleri

Front 54

The organisms responsible for the greatest number of reported cases of bacterial foodborne disease is

Back 54

campylobacter jejuni

Front 55

Which of these food infections is commonly acquired from consumption of undercooked poultry

Back 55

salmonellosis

Front 56

The virus that causes the greatest number of foodborne disease in the US annually is

Back 56

norovirus

Front 57

Which of these food infetion-causing organisms is often transmitted by undercooked ground beef or via contaminated water and can cause very serious illness possibly resulting in kidney failure and death. This disease is mostly due to the production of a enterohemorrhagic toxin called verotoxin

Back 57

E. coli

Front 58

Which of these is not an attribute that make small subunit rTNA genes an effective measuring for evolutionary history

Back 58

they are highly diverse among closely-related organisms

Front 59

What is one primary way to distinguish between non-pathogenic micrococcus isolates that may be found on the skin with potentially pathogenic staphylococcus isolated that also can be found on the skin?

Back 59

Micrococcus are obligate aerobes and cannot ferment, staphylococcus are faculatative and can ferment sugars to acid

Front 60

RNA -> DNA -> mRNA -> proteins: the progression shown above is essentially what is done by retroviruses to express their genes. It is different from the central dogma of melcular biology. Which enzyme is not normally present but is required to enable this flow of genetic material

Back 60

Reverse transcriptase

Front 61

It is due to concern about infection from which of these eukaryotic parasites that pregnant women are instructed not to clean or handle cat litter boxes

Back 61

Entamoeba histolytica

Front 62

Which of these is a virulence factor that allows staphylococcus aureus bacteria to form a hard lump characteristic of a boil, essentially walling the infected area off from the bodys blood and immune cells

Back 62

Coagulase

Front 63

True or False: Food poisining cause by clostridium perfingens bacteria is the result of toxins release into creamy or meat based food that is left out at warm temperatures as the bacteria grow. The food is eaten later and the toxins cause illness immediately even if the food is re-heated destroying all the living bacterial cells

Back 63

False