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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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9 phyla of animals
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Porifera
Platyhelminthes Annelida Arthropoda Cnidaria Chordata Mollusca Echinodermata Nemotoda |
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Bacteria
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1)smallest cells known
2)have cell wall 3)form spores 4)no nuclear membrane 5)may have flagella bacilli cocci spirilla |
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Ovulation
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release of a mature egg from its follicle
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Fallopian Tube
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one of two tubes in human female through which a mature egg passes after being released from the ovary. Fertillization occurs here
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Placenta
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organ through which nourishment and waste products are exchanged btwn mather and embryo
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4 stages of menstrual cycle
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follicle stage
ovulation luteal stage menstruation |
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4 stages cell cycle
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G1- growth
S- replication DNA G2- growth again Mitosis |
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3 stages of interphase
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G1
S G2 |
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4 Phases of Mitosis
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prophase
metaphase anaphase telaphase |
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Mitosis
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nuclear division followed by cytoplasmic division identical daughter cells
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Meiosis
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cell division which produces haploid gametes from diploid cells usually four gametes formed from one diploid cell
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Mendel's Law of Segregation
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During Meiosis homologous chromosomes seperate and go to different gamete cells
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Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment
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Inheritance of alleles of on homologous chromosome pair has no effect on the inheritance of alleles on differnt homologous chromosome pairs
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Watson Crick Model of DNA
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"double helix"
2 chains nucleotides opposite directions chains are connected by bonds btwn. sugars and phosphates btwn chains nitrogen bases are connected by weak H bonds |
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3 types RNA
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messenger
transfer ribosomal |
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3 types muscle tissues
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striated- attached to bones (voluntary)
smooth-blood vessels + digestive organs (invol.) cardiac- heart (invol.) |
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6 types connective tissue
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bone-skeleton
cartilage-nose, trachea, ear fibrous-blood vessels fat-underskin, around organs blood-w/in blood vessels |
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4 chambers of heart
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righ/left atria and ventricles
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Circulation Route in Body
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Vena cava
right atrium right ventricle ppulmonary artery lung cappilaries pulmonary veins left atrium left ventricle aorta |
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3 cellular components of blood
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red blood cells- eruthrocytes
white blood cells-leukocytes platelets- thrombocytes |
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Antigen
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A foreighn substance that induces an immune response and interacts w/specific antibodies
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Antibody
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a protein that is produced by lymphocytes in respnse to a foriegn antigen; antibodies bind to antigens and cause agglutination
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T-Lymphocyte
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type of white blood cell involved with cell mediated immunity and interactions w/b cells; produced in the thymus
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B-Lymphocyte
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type of white blood cell that is capacble of making and secreting a specific type of antibody once it comes into contact with corresponding antigen
humoral immunity |
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Principle organs of immune system
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lymph nodes
spleen thymus bone marrow |
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Air through respiritory route
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nostrils
nasal cavitypharynx larynx trachea bronhi bronchial tubes alveoli |
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Pharynx
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muscular tube that is the gateway to the trachea and digestive tract; the throat
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Trachea
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wind pipe that carries air btwn larynx and bronchi
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Larynx
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cartilaginous organ btwn the paryn and the trachea
voice box |
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Kidney
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organ that filters blood to remove nitrogenous waste also regulates H2O and solute balance in blood
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Renal Artery
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Blood Vessel which carries nitrogenous wasted containing blood to the kidney
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nephron
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functional unit o fkidney; one of many tubules involved in filtration and selective reabsorbtion
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Glomerulus
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dense network of capillaries enclosed by Bowman's Capsule
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Bowman's Capsule
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thin walled cup which surrounds the glomerulus and is invovled w/forced filtration
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Loop of Heinle
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hairpin shaped section of renal tubule in which salt and water are reabsorbed into the blood
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7 components of the silmentary canal
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mouth
pharynx esophagus stomach small intestine large intestine rectum |
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4 enzyme present in intestinal juice
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maltase-digests maltose
lactase-digests lactose sucrase-digests sucrose lipase-digests fat |
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4 enzymes present in pacreastic juice
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chymotrypsin-digest protein
trypsin- digest protein amylase-digests starch pancreatic lipase-digests fat |
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3 types nerve tissue
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sensory:connects brain and spinal cord w/sensory organs
motor:connects brain and spinal cord with muscles and glands associative:with in brain and spinal cord |
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cerebrum
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largest part of brain: upper part of skull
thought, memory, sensation, voluntary movement |
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cerebellum
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region of brain responsible for balance and coordination of muscles
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medulla oblongata
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posterior portion of brain
controls involuntary function such as breathing, heart rate, reflexes |
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ganglia
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mass of cytons (cell bodies) located on sides of backbone; part of the autonomic nervuos system
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Central Nervous System
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brain and spinal cord
most association occurs here |
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9 glands that produce hormones
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adreanl
pancreas parathyroid thyroid pineal pituitary hypothalamus thymus gonads |
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Gastrin
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stomach hormone
stimulates gastric glands to secrete gastric juices |
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secretin
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small intestine hormone
stimulates pancreas to secrete pancreatic juice |
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thyroxin
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thyroid hormone
regulates rate of cell metabolism |
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adrenalin
(epinephrine) |
adrenal medulla hormone
stimulates heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure |
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cortisone
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secreted by adrenal cortex
glucocorticoid hormone |
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growth hormone
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anterior pituitary hormone
promotes growth |
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prolactin
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anterior pituitary hormone
stimulates milk prod. during and after pregnancy |
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TSH
thyroid stimulating hormone |
anterior pituitary hormone
stimulates thyroid glands to produce and release thyroxin |
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oxytocin
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pituitary hormone
stimulates uterine contractions |
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ADH
antidiuretic hormone |
posterior pituitary hormone that regulates the rate of H2O absorbtion in the kidneys and intestines
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Amino Acids
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building blocks of proteins
valine arginine alanine glycine lysine serine |
