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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where does digestion begin?
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in the mouth
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what does a-amylase do?
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begins digesting carbs in the mouth
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chewed food forms a ball called a ____
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bolus
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Where does the bolus travel?
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down the esophagus via peristaltic action
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What type of muscle performs perisaltic action?
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smooth muscle
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What do mucous cells do?
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lubricate
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What do chief cells do?
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secrete pepsinogen, the precursor of pepsin-begins protein digestion
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What do parietal cells do?
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secrete HCL which diffuses into the lumen-lower pH of the stomach (more acidic) and raise pH of the blood (less acidic)
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What do G cells do?
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secrete gastrin into the interstitium-stimulates parietal cells to secrete HCL
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Where does MOST digestion occur?
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the small intestine
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The three parts of the small intestine are the:
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duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
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The microvilli form a fuzzy covering called the _____ ______
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brush border
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What does pancreatic amylase do?
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hydolyzes polysaccharides to disaccharides and trisaccharides
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What does lipase do?
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degrades fat, specifically triglycerides
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What does bile do?
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Produced in the liver and stored in the gall bladder, bile emulsifies the fat
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What are the major functions of the large intestine?
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water absorption and electrolyte absorption
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Name the four parts of the large intestine
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1. Ascending colon
2. transverse colon 3. descending colon 4. sigmoid colon |
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4 different types of lipoproteins:
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very-low density, intermediate-density, low-density, and high-density
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as the density increases in lipoproteins, what decreases?
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first to decrease is amount of triglycerides, and then cholesterol and phospholipids decrease
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ADHD interventions
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1. Self Instruction therapy,
2. parent training, 3. contingency contracting 4. Help parents design a daily routine 5. design home environment to optimize functioning 6. teach effective study and test taking strategies 7. Individual therapy 8. Encourage activities to facilitate positive peer group activities 9. insure coordination among the various systems (reg teacher/parent conferences) Refer for med eval, special ed services, education therapy, EEF biofeedback, parenting classes, & support groups |
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Follow the path of urine
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kidney-->renal pelvis-->ureter-->bladder-->urethra
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What are the main functions of the kidney?
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to excrete wate, such as urea, maintain homeostasis of body fluid volume and solute composition, and help control plasma pH
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The functional unit of the kidney is the ______
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nephron
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Trace the path of the kidney (hint: starts with glomerulus)
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pg. 135
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List the parts of the small intestine in order
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duodenum, ileum, jejunum
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list the parts of the large intestine in order
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ascending colon, traverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon
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chyme
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semifluid mass of food in the stomach
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List the four major types of cells in the stomach
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1. mucous cells 2. chief (peptic) cells 3. parietal cells 4. G cells
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List the major enzymes secreted by the pancreas during digestion
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trypsin, chymotrypsin, pancreatic amylase, lipase, ribonuclease, and deoxyribonuclease.
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The enzymes secreted by the pancreas degrade proteins into small polypeptides
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trypsin and chymotrypsin
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glycogenesis
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the formation of glycogen in the liver
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When the blood glucose level decreases, this process returns glucose into the blood
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glycogenolysis
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Ammonia is converted to _______ in the liver. This new substance is then excreted in the urine by the kidney.
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Urea
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Distal tubule
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reabsorbs Na+ and Ca+ while secreting K+, H+, and HCO-3.
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Collecting duct
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carries the filtrate into highly osmotic medulla in the kidney. It is impermeable to water, but sensitive to ADH.
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juxtagomerular apparatus
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monitors filtrate pressure in distal tubule.
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Concentration of urine through kidney diagram
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study p. 137
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