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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Antigen
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any molecule that can bind specifically to an antibody or generate peptide fragments that are recognized by a T-cell receptor
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Immunoglobulin
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the protein family to which antibodies and B-cell receptors belong
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Antibody
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a protein that binds specifically to a particular substance--called its antigen
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BCR
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the cell-sruface receptor on B cells for specific antigen
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Variable region
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the region of an immunoglobulin or T-cell receptor that is formed of the amino-terminal domains of its component polypeptide chains
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Constant region
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that part of an immunoglobulin or a T-cell receptor that is relatively constant in amino acid sequence between different molecules
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TCR
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the cell-surface receptor for antigen on T lymphocytes
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MHC molecules
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the highly polymorphic glycoproteins encoded by MHC class I and MHC class II genes, which are involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to T cells.
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heavy chain
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one of the two types of protein chain in an immunoglobulin molecule
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light chain
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the smaller of the two types of polypeptide chains that make up an immunoglobulin molecule
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Lambda
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one of the two classes of isotypes of immunoglobulin light chains
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IgM
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the class of immunoglobulin characterized by u heavy chains, the first immunoglobulin to appear on the surface of B cells and the first to be secreted
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Kappa
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one of the two classes of isotypes of immunoglobulin light chains
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IgD
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appears as surface immunoglobulin on mature I B cells but its function is unknown
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IgE
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involved in the defense against parasite infections and in allergic reactions
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IgG
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the most abundant class of immunoglobulin found in the plasma
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IgA
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can occur in a monomeric and polymeric form, it is the main antibody secreted by mucosal lymphoid tissues
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V domains
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the amino-terminal protein domain of the polypeptide chains of immunoglobulins and T-cell receptors, which is the most variable part of the chain
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C domains
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type of protein domain that makes up the constant regions of each chain of an immunoglobulin molecule
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Hinge region
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the flexible domain that joins the Fab arms tot he Fc piece in an immunoglobulin
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Fab Fragment
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protein fragment comprising a single antigen-binding arm of an antibody, without the Fc region
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Fc Fragment
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the carboxyl-terminal halves of the two heavy chains of an IgG molecule disulfide-bonded to each other by the residual hinge region
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Hypervariable region
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part of the V domains of immunoglobulins and T-cell receptors that determine their antigen specificity and make contact with the specific ligand
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Antigen binding site
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the site at the tip of each arm of an antibody that makes physical contact with the antigen and binds it non-covalently
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Combinatorial diversity
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the diversity among antigen receptors that is generated by the combination of separate units of genetic information
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Epitope
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a site on an antigen recognized by an antibody or an antigen receptor
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TCR-alpha
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the two chains of the alpha-beta T cell receptor
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TCR-beta
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the two chains of the alpha-beta T cell receptor
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B2 microglobulin
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the light chain of the MHC class I proteins, encoded outside the MHC, it binds non-covalently to the heavy or alpha chain
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peptide binding groove
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the longitudinal cleft in the top surface of an MHC molecule into which the antigenic peptide is bound
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CD4 co-receptors
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the co-receptor for T-cell receptors that recognie peptide antigens bound to MHC class II molecules, it binds to the lateral face of the MHC molecule
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CD8 co-receptors
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the co-receptor for T-cell receptor that recognize peptide antigens bound to MHC class I molecules, it binds to the lateral face of the MHC molecuels
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