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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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HPV causes __ cancer.
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Cervical cancer.
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HBV causes __ cancer. Where is this cancer rare?
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Primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Rare in the US.
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What three cancers does human herpesvirus 8 cause?
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Kaposi’s sarcoma, Castleman’s disease, and pleural lymphoma.
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HBV mechanism of action.
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X gene encodes protein that inactivates p53 (subverts this cell cycle checkpoints).
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Why does dna repair failure contribute to oncogenesis?
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It allows mutations to accumulate.
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HHV-8 expresses a homolog of __, which is a potent inducers of __ __ growth factor.
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IL-6; induces vascular endothelial growth factor.
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These two genes of papillomaviruses bind to p53 and Rb. They are required for cancer development.
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E6 and E7.
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How are papillomaviruses spread?
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Direct contact.
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Susceptibility to epideromdysplasia verruciformis is __ __ __ associated with depressed immunity.
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An autosomal recessive trait.
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Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis and condyloma acuminata are caused by HPV _ and _.
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HPV 6 and 11.
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What are the high risk types of HPV?
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16, 18, 31, 33, 45.
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HPV __ causes SCC. HPV __ causes cervical adenocarcinoma.
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HPV 16 - SCC. HPV 18 - CAC.
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What happens to 90% of detected HPV infections?
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They are cleared by innate and adaptive immunity.
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Describe the SIL and CIN for the different types of HPV-induced cervical lesions.
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Low-grade SIL = CIN1. High-grade SIL = CIN2/3.
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What do E6 and E7 do to human keratinocytes?
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They can immortalize human keratinocytes by inactivating p53 and Rb.
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What is the difference between the two main HPV vaccines?
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Gardasil - HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18. Ceravix - HPV 16 and 18.
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Gardasil and Ceravix give cross-protection for HPV _ and _.
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HPV 31 and 45.
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EBV is a disease of __.
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Disease of immunosuppression.
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What is the non-carcinogenic expression of EBV?
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Mononucleosis.
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What is the carcinogenic expression of EBV?
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"African (endemic) Burkitt’s lymphoma
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What causes the initial infection of EBV?
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Major envelope glycoprotein (gp 350) has sequence homology with complement fragment C3dg.
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In EBV infection, Gp350 binds to __ on B cells. What three envelope glycoproteins are involved?
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Complement receptor 2. gH, gL, and gp42.
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What binds to the HLA class II co-receptor to complete the infectious process?
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gp42.
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EBC lacking gp42 can bind B cells but cannot __.
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Infect.
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Name the six genes essential for immortalization of cells in EBV.
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EBNA 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and LMP1.
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How does EBNA2 cause EBV?
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EBNA2 transactivates the c-myc oncogene to drive proliferation.
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How does LMP1 cause EBV?
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LMP1 mimics CD40 in B cell activation.
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What is the difference between CD40 and LMP1?
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CD40 requires ligand for activation; LMP1 is constitutively activated.
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With EBV expression in vivo, latent B cells express only __ and __.
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LMP2 and EBNA1.
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What does LMP2 do with regard to EBV gene expression in vivo?
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Sequesters Lyn and Syk to prevent normal B cell activation.
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Burkitt’s lymphoma expresses __ only. This disease is driven by __ __.
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EBNA1 only. Driven by c-yc promotion.
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Other EBV related diseases (not BL) express __, __, and __.
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ENBA1, LMP1, and LMP2.
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What is the latency III?
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Phase post-transplant where lymphoproliferative disorders express full set of latent genes.
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