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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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solid
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form of matter characterized by rigidity; has its own volume and shape
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liquid
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form of matter that is a relatively incompressible fluid; has its own volume but not a definite shape
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gas
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form of matter that is an easily compressible fluid; has neither definite volume nor definite shape
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vapor
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the gaseous state of any matter that normally exists as a liquid or solid
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states or matter
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the three forms in which matter exists; solid, liquid, and gas
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physical change
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transformation in the form of matter but not in its chemical identity
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material
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kind of matter
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distillation
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process in which a liquid is vaporized and condensed; used to separate substances that differ in volatility
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condenser
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cooled tube in which vapor changes back into liquid
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receiver
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container in which distilled material is collected
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chemical change
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change in which one or more kinds of matter transform into a new kind of matter or several kinds of matter
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physical property
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a characteristic of a material that can be observed without changing its chemical identity
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chemical property
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a characteristic that can be observed for a material when the material undergoes a chemical change
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substance
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kind of matter that cannot be separated into other kinds of matter by any physical process
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element
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kind of matter composed of only one chemically distinct type of atom; substance that cannot be chemically decomposed into simpler substances
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compound
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kind of matter composed of atoms of two or more elements chemically combined in fixed proportions; substance that can be chemically decomposed into two or more elements
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law of definite proportions
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a pure compound always contains a definite or constant proportion of its constituent elements by mass
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mixture
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material that can be separated by physical means into two or more substances
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heterogeneous mixtures
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mixtures that consist of physically distinct parts with different properties
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homogeneous mixtures
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mixtures that are uniform in their properties throughout a given sample
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chromatography
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technique for separating a mixture that is based on the partitioning of the components of the mixture between stationary and mobile phases
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paper chromatography
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chromatographic procedure in which components of a mixture are dissolved in water solution and carried up a paper strip at different rates
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atomic theory
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explanation of the structure of matter in terms of different combinations of very small particles.
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