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40 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Neutrons
Share the nucleus with the protons;have no charge.
Nucleus
The center of an atom.
Molecule
Two or more atoms chemically bonded together.
Protons
Positively charged particles found in the nucleus.
Atomic Mass Unit
Unit used to measure the masses of subatomic particles;
Atomic number
The number of protons in the nucleus. The atomic number identifies the element.
Quark
Particle that makes up all other known particles in the nucleus of an atom.
Energy levels
Most likely location in an electron cloud in which an electron can be found.
Isotopes
Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Atomic mass
Average of the masses of the existing isotopes of an element.
Electron cloud
Space in which electrons are likely to be found.
Mass number
The sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
Electrons
Negatively charged subatomic particle found in an area outside the nucleus of an atom.
Periodic law
Law that states that the physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers.
Electromagnetic force
Force of attraction or repulsion between particles in an atom.
Strong force
Force that binds protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
Gravity
Weakest force; force of attraction exerted between all objects in nature.
Weak force
Force that is the key to the power of the sun; responsible for a process known as radioactive decay.
Groups/families
Columns of elements.
Important information about an element given in each square of the periodic table
Atomic number, chemical symbol, name, atomic mass.
Period
The horizontal row of elements.
Malleable
Able to be hammered out into a thin sheet.
Metal
Element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity, is shiny, has a high melting point,is ductile and malleable, and tends to lose electrons.
Ductile
Able to be drawn into a thin wire.
Luster
Shininess
Compound
Two or more elements chemically combined. Sugar is an example.
Four classes of Matter
Mixtures, Solutions, Elements and Compounds
Solvent
The substance that does the solving.
Heterogeneous Mixture
The least mixed of mixtures, ex. pebbles and sand and water or oil and vinegar
Mixture
Matter that consists of two or more substances mixed together but not chemically combined.
Colloids
Mixtures where the particles are mixed together but not dissolved. Examples are milk, whipped cream and toothpaste.
Homogeneous Mixture
Well-mixed mixture. Particles are small and not easily recognizable. Stainless steel is an example.
Solute
The substance that is dissolved.
Atom
The smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element.
Solution
A type of homogeneous mixture formed when one substance dissolves in another. The best mixed of all mixtures.
Soluble
A substance that dissolves or breaks apart in another substance.
Pure Substance
When all the particles are the same.
Alloys
Solids dissolved in solids. Example: brass.
Chemical symbols
A shorthand way of representing the elements.
Element
The simplest pure substance.