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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Neutrons
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Share the nucleus with the protons;have no charge.
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Nucleus
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The center of an atom.
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Molecule
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Two or more atoms chemically bonded together.
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Protons
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Positively charged particles found in the nucleus.
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Atomic Mass Unit
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Unit used to measure the masses of subatomic particles;
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Atomic number
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The number of protons in the nucleus. The atomic number identifies the element.
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Quark
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Particle that makes up all other known particles in the nucleus of an atom.
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Energy levels
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Most likely location in an electron cloud in which an electron can be found.
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Isotopes
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Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
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Atomic mass
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Average of the masses of the existing isotopes of an element.
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Electron cloud
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Space in which electrons are likely to be found.
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Mass number
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The sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
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Electrons
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Negatively charged subatomic particle found in an area outside the nucleus of an atom.
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Periodic law
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Law that states that the physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers.
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Electromagnetic force
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Force of attraction or repulsion between particles in an atom.
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Strong force
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Force that binds protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
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Gravity
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Weakest force; force of attraction exerted between all objects in nature.
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Weak force
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Force that is the key to the power of the sun; responsible for a process known as radioactive decay.
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Groups/families
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Columns of elements.
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Important information about an element given in each square of the periodic table
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Atomic number, chemical symbol, name, atomic mass.
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Period
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The horizontal row of elements.
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Malleable
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Able to be hammered out into a thin sheet.
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Metal
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Element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity, is shiny, has a high melting point,is ductile and malleable, and tends to lose electrons.
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Ductile
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Able to be drawn into a thin wire.
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Luster
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Shininess
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Compound
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Two or more elements chemically combined. Sugar is an example.
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Four classes of Matter
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Mixtures, Solutions, Elements and Compounds
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Solvent
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The substance that does the solving.
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Heterogeneous Mixture
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The least mixed of mixtures, ex. pebbles and sand and water or oil and vinegar
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Mixture
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Matter that consists of two or more substances mixed together but not chemically combined.
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Colloids
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Mixtures where the particles are mixed together but not dissolved. Examples are milk, whipped cream and toothpaste.
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Homogeneous Mixture
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Well-mixed mixture. Particles are small and not easily recognizable. Stainless steel is an example.
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Solute
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The substance that is dissolved.
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Atom
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The smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element.
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Solution
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A type of homogeneous mixture formed when one substance dissolves in another. The best mixed of all mixtures.
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Soluble
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A substance that dissolves or breaks apart in another substance.
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Pure Substance
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When all the particles are the same.
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Alloys
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Solids dissolved in solids. Example: brass.
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Chemical symbols
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A shorthand way of representing the elements.
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Element
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The simplest pure substance.
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