Math K-3 Flashcards

Front 1

rational number

Back 1

decimals and fractions with terminating/repeating fractions

Front 2

irrational numbers

Back 2

decimals and fractions that are non-terminating like pi

Front 3

prime number

Back 3

a number that only has multiples of 1 and itself

Front 4

factor

Back 4

an integer that divides evenly into a number with no remainder

Front 5

GCF - greatest common factor

Back 5

the largest factor two numbers share

Front 6

LCM - least common multiple

Back 6

the smallest non-zero multiple two numbers share

Front 7

multiple

Back 7

a number times an integer. For example: 6x1=6, 6x2=12, 6x3=18 etc. So multiples of 6=6,12,18 etc.

Front 8

order of operations

Back 8

PEMDAS

1. parentheses

2. exponents

3. multiplication and division -work from left to right

4. addition and subtractions -work form left to right

Front 9

associative property

Back 9

for problems containing only addition/multiplicationgrouping does not matterEX: a+(b+c) = b+(a+c) OR a(bc) = b(ac)

Front 10

Commutative property

Back 10

for problems containing only addition/multiplicationorder does not matterEX: a+b = b+a OR ab = bc

Front 11

Distributive property

Back 11

a(b + c) = ab + ac

Front 12

Zero property

Back 12

Zero property sum of any # plus 0 is itselfproduct of any # times 0 is 0no # can be divided by 0any number raised to the power of 0 is 10 divided by any number is 0

Front 13

One property

Back 13

any number divided by 1 = itselfany number raised to the power of 1 is itself

Front 14

algorithm

Back 14

steps to solve a problem

Front 15

natural numbers

Back 15

also called the counting numbers (1, 2, 3, 4....)

Front 16

probability

Back 16

probability number of outcomes that favor the event/number of possible outcomes

Front 17

bisector

Back 17

a ray that divides an angle into 2 congruent angles

Front 18

isosceles triangle

Back 18

two sides of equal length and angles opposite the equal sides are also the same (typical triangle - two bottom angles the same)

Front 19

scalene triangle

Back 19

no sides of equal length

Front 20

congruent

Back 20

same shape and size

Front 21

parallelogram

Back 21

quadrilateral (4 sides) with two pair of parallel sides-opposite sides and opposite angles are congruent-doesn't necessarily have an axis of symmetry

Front 22

rhombus

Back 22

a particular kind of parallelogram with all four sides congurent (has two axes of sym.) (think of a kite or of a isosceles triangle reflected over line "l"

Front 23

translation

Back 23

two congruent figures can occupy exactly the same place...or coincide (same thing as a slide)

Front 24

reflection

Back 24

same thing as a flip...flip it across the axis so that it is the same spot on the other side (like -2, 3 flips to 2, 3)

Front 25

rotation

Back 25

same thing as a turn, rotates into another quadrant but keeps the same distance from axes

Front 26

radican

Back 26

the number inside the "square root box/sign or the radical

Front 27

intersecting lines

Back 27

Lines that have exactly one point in common.

Front 28

vertex

Back 28

The common endpoint of two rays thatform an angle.

Front 29

ray

Back 29

Part of a line with one endpoint extending foreverin only one direction.

Front 30

central angle

Back 30

An angle with a vertex that is the center of a circle.

Front 31

diameter

Back 31

Any line segment through the center that connectstwo points on the circle.

Front 32

Exponent

Back 32

A number that tells how many times the base is used as a factor

Front 33

Base

Back 33

The number that is multiplied by itself whenraised to a power.

Front 34

Sector

Back 34

A region bounded by two radii and an arc

Front 35

Dividend

Back 35

In a division problem, the starting number, thenumber that is to be divided.

Front 36

Divisor

Back 36

The number by which another number is divided.

Front 37

Variable

Back 37

A letter, such as n, or a symbol that represents anunknown amount that can vary, or change, in anexpression or an equation.

Front 38

Origin

Back 38

The point at which the x-axis and they-axis intersect.

Front 39

y-axis

Back 39

The VERTICAL axis in a graph or coordinate grid.

Front 40

x-axis

Back 40

The HORIZONTAL axis in a graph or coordinate grid.

Front 41

Coordinate Plane

Back 41

Extends to include both positive and negativenumbers. It has a horizontal x-axis and a vertical y-axis.

Front 42

Fraction

Back 42

A symbol that is used to name part of a whole, a region or set, that is divided into equal parts.

Front 43

Mixed Number

Back 43

A number written with a whole number ANDa fraction.

Front 44

Improper Fraction

Back 44

A fraction whose numerator is greaterthan or equal to its denominator.

Front 45

Simplest Form

Back 45

Simplest Form A fraction in which the greatest common factorof the numerator and denominator is one.

Front 46

ratio

Back 46

A ratio is a relationship where for every x units of one quantity there are y units of another quantity. x:y

Front 47

formula

Back 47

A rule that uses symbols to relate two or more quantities.

Front 48

Expanded Form

Back 48

A way to write a number that shows the place value of each digit.

Front 49

Standard Form

Back 49

The most common (usual) way ofwriting numbers. It usesdigits and place value.

Front 50

absolute value

Back 50

The distance that an integer is from zero on the number line.

Front 51

Numerator

Back 51

The number of equal parts or objects being considered (number on top)

Front 52

Denominator

Back 52

The total number of equal parts or objects (number on the bottom)

Front 53

Conjecture

Back 53

A generalization that you think is true

Front 54

inverse relationship

Back 54

operations that undo each other

Front 55

nonlinear function

Back 55

a function with a graph that is not a straight line

Front 56

linear function

Back 56

A function whose graph is a line

Front 57

vertex of a solid

Back 57

where three or more edges meet

Front 58

edge of a solid

Back 58

a line segment where two faces meet

Front 59

proper fraction

Back 59

a fraction in which the numerator is less than the denominator

Front 60

improper fraction

Back 60

A fraction whose numerator is greater than or equal to its denominator.

Front 61

mixed fraction

Back 61

a whole number and a fraction

Front 62

Algebraic Expression

Back 62

A mathematical phrase that has at least one variable and one operation.

Front 63

Coefficient

Back 63

the number that is multiplied by a variable, ex 4x + 8; 4 is this type of number

Front 64

area

Back 64

is the number of square units enclosed by the figure in a plane

Front 65

perimeter

Back 65

The sum of the lengths of the sides of a polygon

Front 66

skew lines

Back 66

lines that do not lie in the same plane

Front 67

parallel lines

Back 67

two lines that lie in the same plane and do not intersect

Front 68

transversal

Back 68

a line that intersects two or more lines at distinct points

Front 69

mean

Back 69

Average

Front 70

median

Back 70

Middle Number

Front 71

range

Back 71

Distance between highest and lowest scores in a set of data.

Front 72

Hypotenuse

Back 72

he longest side of a set square or a right triangle (opposite the right angle)

Front 73

square root

Back 73

a number that when multiplied by itself equals a given number

Front 74

complementary

Back 74

two angles whose sum is exactly 90 degrees. The two angles may or may not be adjacent. In a right triangle, the two acute angles

Front 75

supplementary

Back 75

two angles whose sum is exactly 180 degrees. the two angles may or may not be adjacent. two intersecting lines always form two pairs of angles that will always form a straight line

Front 76

tessellation

Back 76

is a repeating arrangement of one or more shapes that completely covers a plane with no gaps or overlaps

Front 77

Permutation

Back 77

an arrangement of a group of things in a particular order

Front 78

experimental probability

Back 78

a probability based on the statistical results of an experiment

Front 79

Theoretical probability

Back 79

ratio of the favorable outcomes to the possible outcome of an event

Front 80

Faces

Back 80

the flat surfaces of a polyhedron

Front 81

Polyhedron

Back 81

a three-dimensional figure made of flat surfaces that are polygons

Front 82

Range

Back 82

The difference between the least and greatest values

Front 83

Scatter Plot

Back 83

Graph that relates two sets of data.

Front 84

Frequency table

Back 84

A table that lists each item in a data set with the number of times the item occurs.

Front 85

Absolute value

Back 85

an integer's distance from zero

Front 86

origin

Back 86

the point (0,0), where the x- and y- axis of a coordinate plane intersect

Front 87

domain

Back 87

possible values for the input of a relation or function

Front 88

ordered pair

Back 88

numbers that are used to locate points on a coordinate plane

Front 89

function rule

Back 89

it is the operation(s) performed on the domain value and the range value

Front 90

x-coordinate

Back 90

the first number in an ordered pair

Front 91

y-coordinate

Back 91

the second number in an ordered pair

Front 92

evaluate

Back 92

find its numerical value to evaluate

Front 93

relation

Back 93

a set of ordered pairs

Front 94

properties

Back 94

statements that are true for any numbers

Front 95

numerical expression

Back 95

they contain a combination of numbers and operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division

Front 96

place value

Back 96

The value of a digit based on its position within a number

Front 97

degree (º)

Back 97

a unit of measure for angles

Front 98

right angle

Back 98

an angle whose measure is 90º

Front 99

acute angle

Back 99

an angle whose measure is between 0º and 90º

Front 100

obtuse angle

Back 100

an angle whose measure is between 90º and 180º