• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/88

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

88 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
A family is considered a fundamental social unit because it assumes most of the responsibility for
affection, socialization, and health care functions of its members and transmits its cultural background and core values in this context
married-parent family, extended family, married-blended families, cohabitating-parent families, single-parent families, homosexual families, & no-parent families.

nuclear families with other relatives living with them
extended family
married-parent family, extended family, married-blended families, cohabitating-parent families, single-parent families, homosexual families, & no-parent families.

idealized family structure (nuclear family) male and female partners living in an independent unit, sharing roles, responsibilities, and economic resources
married parent family / nuclear family
married-parent family, extended family, married-blended families, cohabitating-parent families, single-parent families, homosexual families, & no-parent families.

unmarried biologic or adoptive parent who may or may not be living with other adults
single parent families
married-parent family, extended family, married-blended families, cohabitating-parent families, single-parent families, homosexual families, & no-parent families.

formed as a result of divorce and remarriage with unrelated members
married blended families

Consists of unrelated family members (stepparents, stepchildren, and stepsiblings) who join together to create a new household. these family groups involve a biologic or adoptive parents whose spouse has not adopted the child.-hers and his together
married-parent family, extended family, married-blended families, cohabitating-parent families, single-parent families, homosexual families, & no-parent families.

children live with two unmarried biologic parents or adoptive parents
cohabitating parent families

not married but living together. Hispanic children have the highest % to live in this kind of family
married-parent family, extended family, married-blended families, cohabitating-parent families, single-parent families, homosexual families, & no-parent families.

lesbian and gay couples who may live together with or without children
homosexual families
married-parent family, extended family, married-blended families, cohabitating-parent families, single-parent families, homosexual families, & no-parent families.

children live independently in foster or kinship care
no parent families
Family Systems Theory encourages nurses to view individual family members as
a unit and focus on observing the interaction among family members rather than studying family members individually
what does subculture mean:
group existing within a larger cultural system that retains its own characteristics
what does acculturation mean:
the changes in ones cultural pattern to those of the host society

occurs when people from different cultures come in contact with one another.
what does assimilation mean:
becoming in all ways like the members of the domninant culture

involves the complete loss of cultural identity while acquiring a new cultural identity.
what does ethnocentrism mean:
view that ones own cultures way of doign things is best
In maternity nursing and women’s health care, the nurse supports & ___
nutures the beliefs that promote physical or emotional adapation to childbearing
What is cultural competence?
the adaptation of care in a manner that is congurent with the clients culture. learning about and applying the standards of another persons culture to activities within that culture
Understand the components of culturally competent care.

-Personal insight into the reality that there is:

-ability of the nurse to understand what?
disparity between ones own culture and that of the client

the behaviors of the clients from own uniqure cultural background
Understand the components of culturally competent care.

-ability to take abstract knowledge about

-ability to communicate what?
other cultures and apply it in a practical way

respectfulness for a wide range of differences
Understand the components of culturally competent care.

recognition of the importance of

anticipating the need to address
culturally different commnuication styles


varying degrees of language ability
1. Know the definitions and understand the differences between contraception and birth control.
contraception: intentional prevention of pregnancy during sexual intercourse

birth control: the device and or practice to decrease the risk of conveiving or bearing offspring
Why would someone using contraception still be at risk for pregnancy?
their choice of contraceptive method is not perfect or is used inconsistenetly and or incorrectly
the ideal contraceptive should be?
safe, easily available, economical, acceptable, simple to use, and promptly reversible
What are the 7 factors affecting method of contraceptive effectiveness?
1. frequency of intercourse
2. motivation to prevent pregnancy
3. understand of how to use the method
4. adherence to method
5. provision of short/long term protection
6. likelihood of prengancy for the individual woman
7. consistent use of method
what is coitus interruptus.
-means withdrawal (involves the male withdrawing the penis from the womans vagina before he ejaculates)
fertility awareness methods depend on what?

what are the 3 periods?
idetifying the beginning and the end of the fertile period of the menstrual cycle

1. infertile phase: before ovulation
2. fertile phase: about 5-7 days around the middle of the cycle, including several days before and during ovulation and the day afterward
3. infertile phase: after ovulation
fertility awareness methods
-what are the advantages?
- low to no cost
-absence of chemicals & hormones
-lack of alteration in the menstrual flow pattern
fertility awareness methods
-what are the disadvantages?
-adherence to a strict record keeping
-unintentional interference from external influences that may alter the womans core body temp and vaginal secretions
-decreased effectiveness in women with irregular cycles
-decreased spontaneity of coitus
-attending possibly time consuming training sessions by qualified instructors
-failure rate is 25%
what is natural family planning
natural family planning
--avoidance of intercourse during fertile periods
what is Calendar Rhythm method?
-how is the fertile period determined? how lond do you record?
-the beginning of the fertile period is estimated by?
-how is the end of the fertile period determined by?

-what ist he differences in the #s?
fertile period is determined after accurately recording the lengths of menstrual cycles for 6 months.

-the beginning of the fertile period is estimated by substracting 18 days from the length of the shortest cycle

-subtracting 11 days from the length of the longest cycle

-the difference in those #s is when the couple would abstain from sex b/c it's the fertile period
standard days method
modified form of the calendar rhythm method

-fixed number of days is 8-19 and cyclebeads necklaces are used to track fertility
ovulation method
woman recognize and interpret the cyclic changes in the amount and consistency of cervical mucous that chatacterize her own unique pattern of changes
-intercourse is considered safe without restriction beginning the 4th day after the last day of wet clear slipperly mucus
basal body temperature
lowest body temp of a health person is taken immediately after waking and before getting out of bed
-fertal period is the day of the first temp drop or first elevation through 3 consecutive days of elevated temp
-abstinence begins the first day of menstrual bleeding and lasts through 3 consecutive days of sustain temp rise
symptothermal method
tracks the psychological symptoms that mark the phases of her cycle
-this method combines at least 2 methods usually cerbical mucus changes with BBT
home predictor test kits

-what does it detect?
urine predictor kit that detects sudden changes in LH hormone that occurs approximately 12-24 hours before ovulation
twoday method
based on monitoring and recording of cervical secretions, a new algorithm for identifying the fertile window. 2 questions are posed
1) did i note secretions today
2) did i note secretions yesterday
Barrier Methods have gained popularity not only as a contraceptive method, but also
as protection against the spread of STIs
spermicides work by
reducing sperm mobility so they can't swim to get to the egg
Does one need a prescription for Spermicides?
no you dont need a prescrption
what 2 functions do male condoms serve?


failure rate?
provider a physical barrier for sperm and provider a barrier for STIs (human papiloma virus and herpes simplex virus)

Failure rate is 15%
The female condom is available _____.


Failure rate?
1 size, for single use only, sold over the counter

FR 21%
The woman (using a diaphragm) is informed she needs an annual gyn exam to assess
the fit of the diaphragm
what are some measures to reduce risk of toxic shock syndrome?
prompt removal 6-8 hours after intercourse
-not using the diaphragm or cervical caps during menses and learning and wathching for danger signs of TSS
how long are cervical caps in place on the cervix?
no less than 6 hours and no more than 48 hours
What 3 things may interfere with the cervical cap’s ease of fitting and use?
1. angle of the uterus
2. vaginal muscle tone
3. shape of the cervix
Women not good candidates for cervical cap include:
those with abnormal pap test results
-those who cannot be fitted properly with the existing cap sizes
-those who find insertion and removal of the device too diffficult
-those with a history of TSS
-those with vaginal or cervical infections
-those who experience allergic reactions to the latex cap or spermicide
The contraceptive sponge provides protection for
up to 24 hours and for repeated instances of sexual intercourse
To maintain adequate hormonal levels for contraception, and enhance compliance
COCs (combined oral contraceptives) should be taken at the same tiem each day
advantages of combined oral contraceptives
-doesnt relate directly to the sexual act
-improvement in sexual response may occur once possibility of pregnancy is not an issue
-convenient to know when to expect the next menstrual flow
-decrease blood loss anemia
-regulation of menorrhagia reduced incidence of PMSA protection against endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer
disadvantages of combined oral contraceptives
women need to be screened for conditions that contraindicate to COC.
-SE stroke
-myocardial infarction
-thromboembolism
-hypertension
-gallbladder disease
-liver tumors
-
side effectcs of combined oral contraceptives
common SE are nausea, breast tenderness, fluid retention, and chloasma
combined oral contraceptives
-failure rate?
success rate almost 100% and 8% failure rate due to omission
Combined Estrogen-Progestin Contraceptives Oral Contraceptives

-FSH and LH are secreted in response to fluctuating levels of ovarian estrogen and progesterone
--regular ingestion of combined oral contraceptive pills (COCs) suppresses the action of the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary, leading to ...........

-
insufficient secretion of FSH and LH therefore follicles do not mature and ovulation is inhibited.

-other COCs alter the endometrium making it less favorable for implantation
Emergency contraception should be taken by the woman within ________ of unprotected intercourse.
120 hours
Emergency contraception is ineffective if the woman
pregnant
culture, subculture, acculturation, assimilation, ethnocentrism

the sum total of socially inherited characteristics of a human group that comprises everything which one generation can tell, convey, or hand down to the next (the nonphysically inhered traits we possess)
culture
culture, subculture, acculturation, assimilation, ethnocentrism

refers to a group existing within a larger cultural system that retains its own characteristics
subculture
culture, subculture, acculturation, assimilation, ethnocentrism

refers to the changes in one’s cultural pattern to those of the host society. occurs when people from different cultures come in contact with one another.
acculturation
culture, subculture, acculturation, assimilation, ethnocentrism

becoming in all ways like the members of the dominant culture. involves the complete loss of cultural identity while acquiring a new cultural identity.
assimilation
culture, subculture, acculturation, assimilation, ethnocentrism

There way is the best way
- “I’m right and my culture is better than yours” the view that one’s own culture’s way of doing things is best
Ethnocentrism
Asian-Americans
*pregnancy:
-considered a time when:
-it's seen as a:
-strong preference for (male or female) HCP?
-belief in what theory?
-may omit what kind of food? y?
-prefer what kind of soup?
-what is usually excluded from the diet? why?
-when mom “has happiness in her body”,
-it’s seen as a natural process,
-strong preference for female HCP,
-belief in theory of hot and cold,
-may omit soy sauce in diet to prevent dark-skinned baby,
-prefer soup made with ginseng root as general strength tonic,

-milk usually excluded from diet b/c it causes stomach distress, inactivity or sleep late may cause difficult delivery
Asian-Americans
*labor:
-mom is attented by whom?
-who does not actively participate?
-what is unique about birth?
-what kind of birth is not not desired?
mother is attended by other women (esp. her mom),
- father does not actively participate,
-labor in silence,
-cesarean birth is not desired
Asian-Americans
*newborn:
-what concept is important?
-who is the head of the household?
-who plays a subordinate role?

-what sex is prefered?

-what group believe colostrum is dirty and what may they do?
concept of family is important and valued,

-father is head of the household,
-wife plays a subordinate role,
-birth of boy preferred and may delay naming child,

-some groups (Vietnamese) believe colostrums is dirty and therefore may delay breastfeeding until milk comes in
Asian-Americans
*postpartum:
-
must protect self from yin (cold forces) for 30 days, ambulation is limited, shower and bathing prohibited, warm room
Asian-Americans
*diet
-warm fluids like what?
-diet high in (hot or cold) foods
-what do chiense mothers avoid? (2)
some women are vegetarians, Korean mom served seaweed soup w/ rice,

-Chinesee diet high in hot foods,

-Chinese mothers avoid fruits and veggies
-contraindications for COC use are:
a history of thromoembolic disorders, cerebrovascular or coronary artery disease, breast cancer, estrogen-dependent tumors, pregnancy, impaired liver function, live tumor lactation less than 6 weeks postpartum, smoking if older than 35, h/a with focal neurologic symptoms, surgery with prolonged immobilization or any surgery on the legs, hypertension (160/100), and diabetes mellitus (of more than 20 years) with vascular disease
serious side effects with high does of estrogen/progesterone include
-stroke,
MI, thromboembolism, hypertension,
gallbladder disease,
liver tumors.
SE of estrogen excess are:

-SE of estrogen deficiency are:
SE of estrogen excess are: nausea, breast tenderness, fluid retention, chloasma


-SE of estrogen deficiency are: early spotting, hypomenorrhea, nervousness, atrophic vaginitis leading to painful intercourse (dyspareunia)
-SE of progestin excess:


-SE of progestin deficiency:
-SE of progestin excess: increased appetite, tiredness, depression, braest tenderness, vaginal yeast infection, oily skin, hirsutism, postpill amenorrhea


-SE of progestin deficiency: late spotting and breakthrough bleeding, heavy flow with clots, decreased breast size
-one of the most common side effects of combined COCs is
bleeding irregularities
-the “right” COC for a woman is one that contains the
the lowest does of hormones that prevents ovulation and one that has the fewest and least harmful side effects
-pills that make BCP less effective are:
anticonvulsants (barbiturates),
systemic antifungals,
antituberculosis drugs,
anti HIV protease inhibitors,
antibiotics,
st johns wart
Intrauterine Devices --a small, T shaped device with bendable arms for insertion through the cervix
--inserted against the uterine fundus, the arms open near the fallopian tubes to maintain position of the device and to adversely affect the
sperm motility and irritate the lining of the uterus
intrauterine devices
-what are the 2 strings that hang from the base of the stem through the cervix and protrude into the vagina for the woman to
feel for assurance that the device has not been dislodged
before IUD insertion, the woman must have what:
-the client should have a negative pregnancy test, treatment for dysplasia if present, cervical cultures to rule out STIs and a consent form signed before IUD insertion
intauterine devices
-advantages:
long term protection from pregnancy and immediate return to fertility when removed

-effective for 5 years
intrauterine devices
-disadvantages:
increased risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) shortly after placement, unintentional expulsion of the device, infection, and possible uterine perforation, offer no protection against HIV or other STIs
-signs of potential complications of intrauterine devices (IUDs)
-P: period late, abnormal spotting or bleeding
-A: abdominal pain, pain with intercourse
-I: infection exposure, abnormal vaginal discharge
-N: not feeling well, fever, chills
-S: string missing, shorter orlonger
intrauterine devices (IUDs)
-not for which kind of women?

–Offer constant _____
–Medicated IUDs loaded with either
Not for nulliparous women, more for someone who has had a baby already

contraception


copper or progestational agent
The Family in Society

-the social context for the family can be viewed in relation to
social and demographic trents the define the population as a whole.
The Family in Society

-racial and ethnic diversity of the population has (decreased or increased) dramatically in the last 30 years
increased

(75% white, 13% Hispanic, 12% black)
Fertility awareness methods (FAM) do not protect against STIs or HIV infection

(true or false)
true
Fertility awareness methods (FAM)

what does it rely on?

what age group is this not good for?
Relies on avoidance of intercourse during fertile periods (can be used to get pregnant)

not good for teengers cuz their hormones are raging
Fertility awareness methods (FAM)

what does it combine?
charting menstrual cycle with abstinence or other contraceptive methods
Periodic Abstinence, or natural family planning (NFP)

-the human ovum can be fertilized no later than ____hours after ovulation.
16-24
Periodic Abstinence, or natural family planning (NFP)

-sperm: the ability to fertilize the ovum probably lasts no longer than
2 days
Periodic Abstinence, or natural family planning (NFP)

provides contraception by using methods that rely on
-avoidance of intercourse during fertile periods

-Periodic abstinence (NFP) knowing when your fertile and not having sex no those days. Sperm live more than 2 days, so if they have sex 2 days before you ovulate, your not safe. The egg lives about 24 hours. If you have sex within 24 hours of ovulation, your not safe.
• (relies on both partners signing up and being motivated)
Combined Estrogen-Progestin Contraceptives Oral Contraceptives

Advantages:
-decrease:
-decrease:
-regulation of:
-reduced incidences of:
-protection against:
-reduce the risk of:
-decrease menstrual blood loss
-decreased iron-deficiency anemia
-regulation of mennorrhagia and irregular cycles
-reduced incidence of dysmenorrheal and premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
-oral contraceptives also offer protection against endomentiral cancer, ovarian cancer,
- reduce the
Combined Estrogen-Progestin Contraceptives Oral Contraceptives

advantages:
-improve:
-protect against development of:
-decrease the risk of:
-considered a safe option for:
-overall effectiveness rate is:
-improve acne
-protect against the development of functional ovarian cysts
-decrease the risk of ectopic pregnancy
-oral contraceptives are considered a safe option for nonsmoking women until menopause
-the overall effectiveness rate is almost 100%.
Combined Estrogen-Progestin Contraceptives Oral Contraceptives

-after discontinuing oral contraception, return to fertility usually happens quickly but fertility rates are
slightly lower the first 3-12 months.