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31 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Pregnancy length
calculated from the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP): 280 days, 40 weeks, 10 lunar months, 9 calendar months.
Gestation
number of weeks of pregnancy since the first day of the LMP.
gravida
woman who is or has been pregnant, regardless of the duration of pregnancy.
gravidity
pregnancy.
parity
the number of pregnancies in which the fetus or fetuses have reached viability (20 weeks gestation), not the number born;
viability:
the capacity to live outside the uterus, usually around 22 to 24 weeks since LMP, or greater than 500 grams; in LA, the legal parameters are 20 weeks and 350 grams.
nulligravida:
: a woman who has never been pregnant.
primigravida
a woman who is pregnant for the first time.
multigravida
a woman who has had two or more pregnancies.
nullipara
woman who has never completed a pregnancy beyond 20 weeks gestation
primipara:
a woman who has given birth after carrying a pregnancy for at least 20 weeks..
multipara:
a woman who has completed two or more pregnancies to the stage of fetal viability.
• 1st trimester -
weeks 1 through 13
• 2nd trimester
weeks 14 through 26
• 3rd trimester
- weeks 27 through term gestation (38-40 weeks)
Goodell’s sign
softening of the uterine cervix; due to  vascularization,
edema, and hypertrophy and hyperplasia of muscle and connective tissue;
cervix feels like ear lobe
Hegar’s sign
softening and compressibility of the lower uterine segment, the uterine isthmus; one of the most valuable signs in early pregnancy
. Ballottement
passive movement of the unengaged fetus identified between the 16th and 18th weeks; a technique of palpating a floating structure (fetus) by the examiner doing a vaginal exam and gently pushing up against the cervix with two fingers in the vagina and feeling for a rebound effect of the fetal body. This is usually done near mid-pregnancy.
• supine hypotensive syndrome
Occurs when the pregnant woman lies on her back in 3rd trimester which may result in fainting. This occurs because when the pregnanct woman lies supine, the enlarging uterus may press on the vena cava, thus reducing the blood flow to the right atrium, lowering BP, and causing dizziness, pallor, and clamminess. This condition may also be referred to as vena caval syndrome or aortocaval compression.
Progressive relaxation
leads to state of deep relaxation of the entire body by systematically tensing and releasing muscle groups in a pattern, usually from feet upward
Neuromuscular dissociation
teaches the woman to consciously tense and release a particular muscle group in isolation while maintaining deep relaxation in the muscles of the rest of the body
. Visualization
affects a woman's manner of response by combining mental and visual processes to form images that are calming and peaceful
use of a sensate focus
focused concentration on a particular sensory stimulus in order to achieve relaxation
effleurage
a type of cutaneous stimulation which uses light, rhythmic, circular stroking of the abdomen with the fingertips; relieves mild to moderate pain, but not intense pain
gentle massage
to back and shoulders with talcum powder or lotion
counterpressure
applying deep pressure over the sacrum or lower back with the hand or warmed, rolled towel
cleansing breath
relaxed breath in through the nose and out through the mouth; used at the beginning and end of each contraction
slow paced abdominal breathing -
1/2 the woman's normal breathing rate
modified paced breathing
faster than normal respiratory rate, but not more than twice normal rate
patterned paced breathing
enhances concentration
expulsion breathing
- push only 10 seconds then release, repeat 2 to 3 good pushes in a contraction