Maternal Child Nursing Care Chapter 15

Front 1

The five factors or P's of labor and birth

Back 1

1. Passenger (fetus, placenta)
2. passageway (birth canal)
3. powers (contractions)
4. position of the mother
5. psyche (psychologic responses)

Front 2

Membrane-filled spaces that are located where the membranous sutures that unite the bones in the fetal/neonate skull intersect.

Back 2

fontanels

Front 3

slight overlapping of the bones of the fetal skull that occurs during childbirth; it permits the skull to adapt to the carious pelvic diameters

Back 3

molding

Front 4

Part of the fetus that enters the pelvic inlet first. The three main types are __________ (head first) _________ (buttocks first), and ________.

Back 4

presentation; cephalic, breech, shoulder

Front 5

Part of the fetal body first felt by the examining finger during a vaginal examination. The three types are ________, _________, and _______.

Back 5

Presenting part; occiput, sacrum, scapula

Front 6

Relationship of the long axis (spine) of the fetus to the long axis (spine) of the mother. There are 2 types: _________, when the spines are parallel to each other, and ________, when the spines are at right angles or diagonal to each other

Back 6

Lie; longitudinal (vertical)
transverse (horizontal, oblique)

Front 7

_____ Relationship of the fetal body parts to one another. The most common type is one of general _________.

Back 7

attitude (posture); flexion

Front 8

___________ Largest transverse diameter of the fetal skull.

Back 8

Biparietal

Front 9

__________ smallest anteroposterior diameter of the fetal skull to enter the maternal pelvis when the fetal head is in complete flexion.

Back 9

suboccipitobregmatic

Front 10

Relationship of the fetal presenting part to the four quadrants of the maternal pelvis

Back 10

position

Front 11

term that indicates that the largest transverse diameter of the presenting part has passed through the maternal pelvic brim or inlet into the true pelvis reaching the level of the ischial spines

Back 11

engagement

Front 12

Relationship of the presenting part of the fetus to an imaginary line drawn between the maternal ischial spines; this is a measure of the degree of fetal descent through the birth canal

Back 12

station

Front 13

The 2 components of the maternal passageway or birth canal

Back 13

bony pelvis
soft tissue

Front 14

Shortening and thinning of the cervix during the first stage of labor; it is expressed as a percentage.

Back 14

effacement

Front 15

Enlargement or widening of the cervical opening (os) and the cervical canal, which occurs once labor has begun; degree of progress is expressed in centimeters (cm) from less than 1 cm to 10 cm

Back 15

dilation

Front 16

descent of the fetus's presenting part into the true pelvis approximately 2 weeks before term for the primigravida and after uterine contractions are established and true labor is in progress for the multipara

Back 16

lightening

Front 17

primary powers of labor

Back 17

involuntary uterine contractions

Front 18

secondary powers of labor

Back 18

bearing down (pushing)

Front 19

brownish or blood-tinged cervical mucus representing the passage of the mucous plug as the cervix ripens in preparation for labor

Back 19

Operculum

Front 20

the 7 turns and adjustments of the fetal head, to facilitate passage through the birth canal.

Back 20

Mechanism of labor (cardinal movements)

Front 21

In a vertex presentation these truns and adjustments in the mechanism of labor include

Back 21

1. engagement
2. descent
3. flexion
4. internal rotation
5. extension
6. external rotation (restitution)
7. expulsion

Front 22

Pushing method during the second stage of labor characterized by a closed glottis with prolonged bearing down

Back 22

valsava maneuver

Front 23

Process of moving the fetus, placenta, and membranes out of the uterus and through the birth canal.

Back 23

birth

Front 24

Protein found in plasma and cervicovaginal secretions of pregnant women before the onset of labor; its presence is being used to predict the likelihood of preterm labor in women who are at increased risk for this complication

Back 24

fetal fibronectin

Front 25

The first stage of labor is considered to last from the onset of _________ to full _________ of the cervix.

Back 25

regular uterine contractions
dilation and effacement

Front 26

labor is divided into three phases, namely, ________, _________ and ____________.

Back 26

latent
active
transition

Front 27

The second stage of labor lasts from the time the cervix is fully _________ to the ______________

Back 27

dilated and effaced
birth of the baby

Front 28

The third stage of labor last from the ___________ until the ____________ is delivered

Back 28

birth of the baby
placenta

Front 29

The forth stage of labor is the period of immediate ________ when ___________ is reestablished.

Back 29

recovery
hemostasis

Front 30

The 4 factors that affect fetal circulation during labor

Back 30

1. position
2. blood pressure
3. uterine contractions
4. umbilical cord blood flow

Front 31

Morphine-like chemicals produced naturally in the body which raise the pain threshold and produce sedation

Back 31

endogenous endorphins